Amelorative action of different solvent extractions of Tribulus terrestris (Linn.) extract on blood transaminase activities of mercuric chloride poisoned mice, Mus musculus (Linn.)

Haematological parameters are considered as promising indicators of the physiological status of the animal.  The present study was carried out on the influence of different solvent extractions of Tribulus terrestris extract on mercuric chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight) intoxicated mice.  An enhanced level of  aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) activities and bilirubin content were noticed in mercury intoxicated animal. The increased in the enzymatic activity may be due to the damage to the cells of liver caused by the heavy metal. But, the mercury intoxicated mice were treated with different solvent extraction of Tribulus terrestris  showed the restoration of haematological parameters

Synthesis, crystal structure, density functional theory, Hirshfeld surface analysis and molecular docking studies of 2-(2-phenylanthracen-9-yl)thiophene derivatives

Thiophene containing molecules have been distinguished as potential candidates in the largely emergent chemical world of heterocyclic compounds that show likely pharmacological characteristics. The knowledge of a mixture of synthetic pathways and the different physicochemical parameters of such compounds describe the especial interest of medicinal chemists to produce combinatorial collections and carry out in-depth efforts in the search of lead molecules. Among the various group of compounds studied, thiophene moieties stand out as unique in features due to their biological, pharmacological and medicinal properties. Synthesis, crystal structure, conformation and density functional theory of 2-(2-phenylanthracen-9-yl)thiophene derivative have been investigated in detail. Thiophene moiety are in planar conformation and having C-H…O type of hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces. Density functional theory has been applied to the thiophene derivative. Thiophene compounds score highly against the targeted protein and can be compared to the co-crystal ligand. Hirshfeld surface studies have been used to confirm and quantify the supramolecular features.

Protective role of Taurine against mercuric chloride intoxicated rats

            The present study has been designed to investigate the influence of taurine on mercury intoxicated kidney tissue of rats (Rattus norvegicus). At sub-lethal dose of mercuric chloride (2mg/kg body weight) treatment,  creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents were significantly increased in serum and kidney tissues respectively. And simultaneously, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly decreased due to rupture of kidney tissue caused by mercury poison. During the recovery period, mercury chloride intoxicated rats were again treated with taurine (50mg/kg body weight) for another 15 days. It shows the remarkable recovery of the animal from the adverse effect of mercury toxicity. An enhanced level of LPO content and altered level of antioxidant system were restored to near normal level in mercury intoxicated animals. The result suggested that taurine play a vital role to reduce the toxic effect of mercury in the kidney tissue of rats. ÂÂ

(2-Benzoyl­phen­yl)(2-meth­oxy-1-naphth­yl)methanone

In the title compound C25H18O3, the central benzene ring forms dihedral angles of 87.4 (5) and 85.4 (4)° with the phenyl ring and the naphthalene ring system, respectively. The carbonyl O atoms deviate significantly from the phenyl ring and the meth­oxy-substituted naphthalene ring system [by 0.508 (1) and 0.821 (1) Å, respectively]. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which generate C(6) chains, and C—H⋯π inter­actions

[2-(2-Meth­oxy-1-naphtho­yl)phen­yl](1-naphth­yl)methanone

The title compound, C29H20O3, adopts an ‘S’ conformation with a dihedral angle of 68.5 (2)° beween the two acetone planes. The central phenyl ring forms dihedral angles of 83.8 (4) and 84.5 (4)° with the naphthalene and meth­oxy-substituted naphthalene mean planes, respectively. Both carbonyl-group O atoms deviate significantly from the naphthalene moiety and the meth­oxy-substituted naphthalene moiety [0.574 (1) and −1.053 (1) Å, respectively]. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O inter­molecular inter­actions, generating C(7) chain and R 2 2(10) graph-set motifs

(Z)-4-{1-[(2-Hy­droxy­ethyl)­amino]­ethyl­idene}-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one

In the title compound C14H17N3O2, the dihedral angle between the rings is 16.68 (13)°. Although the compound crystallizes in the keto form, the possibility of keto-enamine–enol-imine tautomerism is explained by a strong intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond

(2-Benzoyl­phen­yl)(3,4-dimethyl­phen­yl)methanone

In the title compound, C22H18O2, the central benzene ring forms dihedral angles of 76.0 (1) and 73.1 (1)° with the phenyl ring and dimethyl-substituted benzene ring, respectively. The carbonyl-group O atoms deviate significantly from the phenyl ring and the dimethyl-substituted benzene ring [−0.582 (12) and 0.546 (12) Å, respectively]. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯π inter­actions

Haematology and biochemical parameters of different feeding behaviour of teleost fishes from Vellar estuary, India

Haematological parameters have been recognized as valuable tools for monitoring fish health. Haematological and serum biochemical parameters were studied and compared different feeding behaviour of teleost fishes. Three marine teleost fishes, Lates calcarifer (carnivores), Mugil cephalus (omnivores) and Chanos chanos (herbivores), were carried out in order to find out a normal range of blood parameters which would serve as baseline data for assessment of the health status of the fish as well as reference point for future comparative surveys. Blood parameters such as red blood cell count (RBC) and white blood cells count (WBC), haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin, glucose, protein, cholesterol and urea were estimated from teleost fishes of different trophic level. Statistical analysis revealed that differences in haematological parameters between marine fish were significant (P<0.01)

Effect of Taurine and Glutathione on Mercury Toxicity in Liver Tissue of Rats

The present investigation examined the ability of taurine and glutathione as an antioxidant to protect against mercury induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. Mercury hepatotoxicity was induced by oral administration of mercury at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight daily for 30 days. Hepatotoxicity was assessed by reduced serum total protein level and increased serum levels alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total protein. Mercury treatment increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) content in the rat liver.  Again taurine and glutathione is administrated for 15 days. During this period, taurine improved liver functions, as indicated by decline of serum transaminases and ALP levels and elevation of serum total protein. Moreover, taurine significantly reduced AST, ALT, ALP and hepatic TBARS and increased GSH content and total protein in the hepatic tissue. These results indicate that taurine has a protective action against mercury induced hepatic damage in rats than glutathione