How informed are bronchial asthma patients: a questionnaire based study in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Asthma has been considered as one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Asthma due to its effects on bronchial passage compromises the respiration and intern impairs the quality of life. Aim was to evaluate the knowledge of asthma among patients attending our tertiary care hospital.Methods: The patients were subjected to chest X-ray and spirometry followed by the knowledge on asthma questionnaire which consisted of 28 questions.Results: Out of 75 patients, aged between 18-80 years, majority were males. Out of 75 patients, 60 (80%) patients had obtained a total score below 10 out of the total of 28 score. The causative factors for asthma, 60 (80%) patients believed that asthma was due to allergy. Only 2-3 patients (3-4%) had knowledge of the underlying pathologic process during an asthma attack. Fifty nine (79%) patients were aware of the symptoms of asthma. However, only 10 (13%) patients knew about the early signs of worsening of asthma and only 14 (19%) patients could judge the severity of asthma. Only 5 (7%) patients knew which drug was for regular use and which was to be used if breathlessness occurred. Merely around 4-10 (5 to 13%) patients knew that asthma could be prevented by avoiding trigger factors and by taking medication regularly.Conclusions: A good level of knowledge about asthma and better practices are rigorously important to prevent asthma exacerbations. More comprehensive, regular and patient centred counselling programs will be beneficial in improving awareness of asthma

Online Distributor System Using Android OS

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Concrete Mix Design Using Particle Packing Method: Literature Review, Analysis, and Computation

Particle packing technology is used to reduce the amount of cement in concrete by optimizing the concrete mix, resulting in more sustainable concrete. In this study, four different methods were used to determine the distribution of the mixture presented; packing density method, packing density method, IS code method, and packing density method. In the packing density method, the paste content that exceeds the voids will increase along with the increase in the quality of the concrete. In cases of packing density, the cement-water ratio decreases with the quality of the concrete. In the packing of too many trials, trials and tribulations should be carried out to achieve the ratio of water-cement and paste content for a certain grade of concrete. This correlation curve helps reduce the experiments involved in determining the ratio of semen and paste content for a given concrete quality. The water and cement contents for the packing density and the IS code method are almost the same for each particular concrete class. The workability of concrete achieved was more in the packing density method than the IS code method for the same concrete quality, because the water-cement ratio was slightly higher in the packing density method than the IS code method. The required fine aggregate particles are more in terms of packing density method compared to the IS code method. Therefore, more water and cement are required in terms of packing density. The correlation curve can be used to determine the ratio of water-cement and paste the content that exceeds the voids for a certain concrete qualit

Innovation in E-Attendance System using Biometrics

In this paper we propose a system that works on an attendance system using biometrics that authenticates the user and marks his/her attendance in the easiest way possible. The current system involves lots of paper work due to manual attendance by the faculty and even the RFID card based attendance system provides scope for proxy attendance. The proposed system is user friendly and complete wireless system that is accessible to students, admin, faculties and parents using a web portal which includes features like timetable generation, daily attendance report, weekly feedback mechanism, notifications to parents, pending approvals for admin and many more

An Analytical Study of library Reference Services of the Hindi Prachar Sabha, Hyderabad

Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi founded the Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha to promote the Hindi language in South India. He was the founder president of Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha. In 1964, Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha was declared an 'Institution of National Importance' by Act 14 of the Parliament. The reference service department of this organization will be introduced in this article. &nbsp

REVIEW OF AGNIKARMA INTHHE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN

Angi karma is ideal for curing ailments such as sprains,heel pain,bck pain early stage of Harnia,To excise the corn from the heel.Ayurveda is the everlasting supreme science of medicine because it deals with promotion of health and curing the diseases. The aim of Medical Science is to provide better health to every human being. To achieve this goal the pathy should be able to eliminate the disease and that to be without any side effects. Ayurveda have shaman and shodhan chikitsa. Varity of medical procedure mentioned in Ayurved samhit as like ksharkarma, lepanam etc. AgniKarmais one of the important proceduredescribed in Ayurveda. In this fast lifestyle patients need instant result on all pain. AgniKarma is one of the fast procedure to reduced vedana (pain). Many samhitas have description of AgniKarma. From meaning to indication, contraindication, its superiority all information included in charak, sushrut, vagbhat, it a samhita. This AgniKarma is original idea of modern cauterization procedure

Acute Oxyclozanide-Levamisole Poisoning in Red Kandhari Bullocks

Three adult bullocks of Red Kandhari breed were drenched with oral anthelmentic suspension (Zanide-L DS) containing combination of both 6% oxyclozanide and 3 % levamisole during morning hours. Accidental overdosing (4-6 times the normal dose) was done by animal attendant. After administration of drug, acute onset of toxicity was observed in two bullocks with signs of colic, diarrhea, anal straining, high body temperature, salivation, and hyperesthesia. One bullock died immediately within one hour from onset of clinical signs while other died during initiation of treatment. One bullock with moderate signs responded to therapy with complete clinical cure on 5th day of treatment. As there is no specific antidote for oxyclozanide or levamisole toxicity, clinical cases could be managed with supportive treatment and intensive monitoring of patient

Effectiveness of CBNAAT in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Background: Tuberculosis is still a major health problem worldwide. It is estimated that about one-third of the world's population is infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. Whilepulmonary tuberculosis is most common presentation; extrapulmonary tuberculosis is also an important clinical problem. CBNAAT is cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test with a well-established role in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). We determined the effectiveness of CBNAAT in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases in comparison to AFB smear.Methods: Retrospective study of suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care centre of the study area was conducted. The study period was from January 2017 to July 2018. Data of 166 consecutive suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients was retrieved. Effectiveness of CBNAAT in the diagnosis of EPTB was assessed as compared to that of AFB smear.Results: Samples collected from 166 suspected EPTB patients were subjected to AFB smear and CBNAAT. Samples collected included lymph node, pus, pleural fluid, tissue, CSF, gastric lavage, cystic fluid, peritoneal fluid, ascitic fluid, colonic fluid, synovial fluid, urine. In AFB smear results, 17 cases were positive for TB bacilli and 149 were negative for the same. In CBNAAT results, 25 cases were positive for TB bacilli and 141 cases were negative. In comparative analysis, 8 cases were AFB smear negative but CBNAAT positive.Conclusions: CBNAAT is a useful tool in the diagnosis of EPTB cases because of its simplicity and rapid turnaround time. CBNAAT is more effective as compared to AFB smear in the diagnosis of EPTB cases

Study of the bronchoscopic evaluation of patients undergoing bronchoscopy in respiratory medicine department

Background: Bronchoalveolar lavage or BAL is a minimally invasive procedure that involves instillation of sterile normal saline into a subsegment of the lung, followed by suction and collection of the instillation for analysis. This procedure is typically facilitated by the introduction of a flexible bronchoscope into a sub-segment of the lung. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathological variations in the tracheobronchial tree in various respiratory diseases. Methods: The study evaluated the bronchoscopic profile of 150 patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy in the respiratory medicine department of MGM Medical College in Aurangabad, India from October 2020 to September 2022. Results: The majority of the patients were males (65%) and above the age of 50. The most common reason for bronchoscopy was radiological opacity (80% of cases), followed by diffuse pulmonary infiltration (10%). The study found that bronchoscopy was useful in obtaining samples for diagnosis of various respiratory diseases, including malignancies, tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, and hematological malignancies. The study also noted the therapeutic utility of bronchoscopy in managing inoperable stenosis of the central airways. Conclusions: The authors concluded that bronchoscopy is an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the management of pulmonary diseases

Study of the clinical profile and treatment outcome of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients coming to respiratory medicine OPD

Background: The major risk factors for development of tuberculosis are extremes of age, malnutrition, overcrowding and immune deficient states like AIDS, diabetes mellitus, measles, whooping cough and leukaemia. Chronic malaria and worm infestation are less important risk factors. Tobacco smoking, high alcohol consumption, corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppressive drug therapy reduce body defences there by increasing the susceptibility to tuberculous infection. This study was undertaken to analyse the various clinical presentations in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients from October 2020 to September 2022 (2 years). Data collected from 300 patients who were diagnosed with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis visited. The subjects were divided into subjects who had pulmonary TB (PTB), and who had extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Results: The most common systemic disorders accompanying EPTB were DM (n=11; 8.8%) and chronic renal failure (n=8; 6.4%); while DM (n=16; 9.1%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=13; 7.4%) were those detected frequently in PTB group. Conclusions: Present study showed higher percentage of males and greater predominance of pulmonary TB. It is also observed high percentage extrapulmonary TB. High percentage of positive treatment outcomes with fewer relapses and failures was observed in this study. A high positive treatment outcome noted may be attributed to the availability of specialist doctors and diagnostic facilities in the tertiary care centre