Introduction

Les 16 et 17 novembre 2002, la Société des américanistes de Belgique organisait à Bruxelles son deuxième colloque sur le thème de la rivalité dans les Amériques et sous l’intitulé de Sentiers de la guerre et calumets de la paix. Conflits et alliances dans les Amériques d’hier à aujourd’hui. Ce colloque mit en évidence les pratiques et les visions spécifiques qu’ont de la rivalité, de ses enjeux et de l’ordre idéal menacé ou rompu les peuples du Nouveau Monde. La rivalité a été abordée lors du..

Separation of isobaric phosphorothioate oligonucleotides in capillary electrophoresis: study of the influence of cationic cyclodextrins on chemo and stereoselectivity

Phosphorothioate (PS) oligonucleotides have drawn more and more attention lately due to their great therapeutic potential. The presence of one (or several) phosphorothioate moiety (ies) improves pharmacokinetic properties but at the same time creates an additional chiral center for each phosphorothioate linkage, and thus diastereomers. It is therefore important to develop analytical strategies to monitor individual species to enable more in-depth investigations. In this study, a PVA coated capillary with a background electrolyte made of 100 mM phosphoric acid adjusted to pH 3.0 with triethanolamine was used. A design of experimental approach provides the optimal conditions for the separation of the eight isobaric diastereomers bearing one phosphorothioate linkage (Mix 1), and the separation of the 12 isobaric diastereomers of a mixture made of oligonucleotides with two phosphorothioate linkages (Mix 2). Remarkably, full separation in Mix 1 could be achieved using a combination of a cationic cyclodextrin (2-hydroxy-3-N,N,N-trimethylamino) propyl-γ-CD chloride, and an anionic cyclodextrin (carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin sodium salt), while a second cationic cyclodextrin (2-hydroxy-3-N,N,N-trimethylamino) propyl-β-CD chloride) was required for Mix 2, providing additional selectivity

Three years pilot of spinal muscular atrophy newborn screening turned into official program in Southern Belgium.

Three new therapies for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency since 2016. Although these new therapies improve the quality of life of patients who are symptomatic at first treatment, administration before the onset of symptoms is significantly more effective. As a consequence, newborn screening programs have been initiated in several countries. In 2018, we launched a 3-year pilot program to screen newborns for SMA in the Belgian region of Liège. This program was rapidly expanding to all of Southern Belgium, a region of approximately 55,000 births annually. During the pilot program, 136,339 neonates were tested for deletion of exon 7 of SMN1, the most common cause of SMA. Nine SMA cases with homozygous deletion were identified through this screen. Another patient was identified after presenting with symptoms and was shown to be heterozygous for the SMN1 exon 7 deletion and a point mutation on the opposite allele. These ten patients were treated. The pilot program has now successfully transitioned into the official neonatal screening program in Southern Belgium. The lessons learned during implementation of this pilot program are reported

Confrontations et alliances dans les Amériques autochtones

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Physiological Inflammatory State of the Digestive Mucous Membrane

peer reviewe