Rocznik Lubuski (t.32, cz.1): Dziedzictwo kulturowe Środkowego Nadodrza

Pod redakcją: Wojciecha Eckerta

VINEYARDS AND WINESHOPS IN THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF ZIELONA GÓRA

The area around Zielona Góra is regarded as the most northerly wine making region in the world. The development of vine cultivation was determined by an exceptionally favourable climate and a hilly terrain, specially its sunny southern slopes. The tradition of vine growing in Zielona Góra goes back to the Middle Ages and is confirmed by a note from 1314. At the end of the nineteenth century vine cultivation started to decline, a process which went on in the following century. The area of the vineyards dropped considerably from 1400 hectares during the 1860s to a mere 110 hectares in 1937. The last local wine producer went bankrupt at the end of 1990s. Today, wine production in Zielona Góra is being revived thanks to the initiative of associations created by numerous growers, planning new vineyards in the region of the town. An inseparable element of the landscape of Zielona Góra were wineshops built on the plantations. The first such objects appeared in the eighteenth century as typically utilitarian wooden sheds and bowers. Brick houses were erected in the nineteenth century, and in 1865 they totalled 697. Residential and farm buildings, frequently featuring original architecture, survived to the early twentieth century. Today only several examples are extant. The house on 'Winne Wzgórze' is a brick edifice from 1818, surrounded by a vineyard and at present encircled with a glassed-in construction - the Palm House, which functions as a cafe. Several other objects, ensconced among contemporary city buildings, come from the first half of the nineteenth century. Unique objects include the so-called wineshop tower from Budachow (today: in the ethnographic Skansen in Ochla near Zielona Góra). The eighteenth- century two-storey building with an attic is covered by means of a hip roof. A chapel whose history dates back to 1314 was raised to commemorate the victims of a plague epidemic which took the lives of 700 residents of the 'town of wine'. During the nineteenth century the chapel fulfilled the function of a wineshop. The landscape of Zielona Góra no longer features so-called 'naboty' - charming buildings erected on a regular polygonal ground plan and covered with a roof resembling a dome. The major part of the outfitting of the houses, including tools used for growing vine and equipment for the processing of the fruit, has also not been preserved. Scarce surviving examples can be seen at permanent exhibitions held by the Lubuska Land Museum and the Ethnographic Museum in Ochla

Fibrous Structures Produced Using the Solution Blow-Spinning Technique for Advanced Air Filtration Process

This study proposes utilising the solution blow-spinning process (SBS) for manufacturing a biodegradable filtration structure that ensures high efficiency of particle filtration with an acceptable pressure drop. The concept of multi-layer filters was applied during the design of filters. Polylactic acid (PLA) was used to produce various layers, which may be mixed in different sequences, building structures with varying filtration properties. Changing the process parameters, one can create layers with diverse average fibre diameters and thicknesses. It enables the design and creation of optimal filtration materials prepared for aerosol particle filtration. The structures were numerically modelled using the lattice Boltzmann approach to obtain detailed production guidelines using the blow-spinning technique. The advantage of this method is the ability to blow fibres with diameters in the nanoscale, applying relatively simple and cost-effective equipment. For tested PLA solutions, i.e., 6% and 10%, the mean fibre diameter decreases as the concentration decreases. Therefore, the overall filtering efficiency decreases as the concentration of the used solution increases. The produced multi-layer filters have 96% overall filtration efficiency for particles ranging from 0.26 to 16.60 micrometres with a pressure drop of less than 160 Pa. Obtained results are auspicious and are a step in producing efficient, biodegradable air filters

Non-Woven Filters Made of PLA via Solution Blowing Process for Effective Aerosol Nanoparticles Filtration

With the development of civilization, the awareness of the impact of versatile aerosol particles on both human health and the environment is growing. New materials are needed to purify the air to control this impact The aspect of processing the produced waste is not negligible. In view of the above, this study proposes utilizing the solution blow spinning process (SBS) for manufacturing a biodegradable filtration structure that ensures high efficiency of nanoobject filtration, with a low pressure drop. Polylactic acid (PLA) was used to produce a nanofiber layer on the coconut substrate. The advantage of this method is the ability to blow fibers with diameters in the nano-scale, applying relatively simple, cost-effective, and easy to scale-up equipment. This work selected appropriate process parameters to produce good quality filters. Moreover, the process conditions influence on the morphology of the obtained structures and, thus, also the filtration properties, were examined. For tested solutions, i.e., 4% and 6%, the mean fiber diameter decreased as the concentration decreased. Therefore, the overall filtering efficiency increased as the concentration of the used solution decreased. The produced structures exhibited approximately 70% filtration efficiency for particles ranging from 0.02 to 0.2 μm with a pressure drop of less than 60 Pa. Obtained results are optimistic and are a step in producing efficient, biodegradable filters to remove nanoparticles from air

Influence of variability of water content in different states on electromagnetic waves parameters affecting accuracy of GPR measurements of asphalt and concrete pavements

In the paper a water content effect in various states on the variability of the electromagnetic waves parameters is discussed. This variation can affect accuracy and repeatability of asphalt and concrete pavement thickness estimation with GPR method. In case of asphalt pavements, tests were carried out using the air-coupled 1.0 GHz antenna and included three approaches: two on asphalt road and one of asphalt slabs. In the case of concrete slabs, tests were carried out using a ground-coupled 1.6 GHz antenna on two slabs: reinforced and unreinforced. A high variability of the electromagnetic wave parameters was observed depending on moisture conditions. The increase in the humidity of the medium causes a reduction in the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave (increasing the dielectric constant of the medium), increasing of waves time propagation, decreasing of reflection amplitude and increasing of frequency attenuation, which should be considered when determining the thicknesses of the construction layers. Studies showed that not always higher air humidity, atmospheric precipitation and consequently wet surface indicate a higher dielectric constant of the medium. It can be concluded that not only the humidity and ambient temperature affect the change in the dielectric constant, but also other factors not resulting from the construction of the pavement as well as material microstructure

From Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)—New Terminology in Pediatric Patients as a Step in Good Scientific Direction?

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which predispose to more serious hepatic conditions. It ranges from simple liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress to cirrhosis, and even end-stage liver disease. Since obesity became one of the most important health concerns wordwide, a considerable increase in the prevalance of NAFLD and other metabolic implications has been observed, both in adults and children. Due to the coexistence of visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). These relationships between NAFLD and MetS led to the set up in adults of a new term combining both of these conditions, called metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Based on these findings, we propose a set of criteria, which may be useful to diagnose MAFLD in children and adolescents

From Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)—New Terminology in Pediatric Patients as a Step in Good Scientific Direction?

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which predispose to more serious hepatic conditions. It ranges from simple liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress to cirrhosis, and even end-stage liver disease. Since obesity became one of the most important health concerns wordwide, a considerable increase in the prevalance of NAFLD and other metabolic implications has been observed, both in adults and children. Due to the coexistence of visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). These relationships between NAFLD and MetS led to the set up in adults of a new term combining both of these conditions, called metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Based on these findings, we propose a set of criteria, which may be useful to diagnose MAFLD in children and adolescents