Readout electrode assembly for measuring biological impedance

The invention comprises of a pair of readout ring electrodes which are used in conjunction with apparatus for measuring the electrical impedance between different points in the body of a living animal to determine the amount of blood flow therebetween. The readout electrodes have independently adjustable diameters to permit attachment around different parts of the body between which it is desired to measure electric impedance. The axial spacing between the electrodes is adjusted by a pair of rods which have a first pair of ends fixedly attached to one electrode and a second pair of ends slidably attached to the other electrode. Indicia are provided on the outer surface of the ring electrodes and on the surface of the rods to permit measurement of the circumference and spacing between the ring electrodes

Finger recording electrode system for electrical impedance plethysmograph

System facilitates location of recording electrodes of impedance plethysmograph that is used for measuring flow of blood in finger segment; electrodes can be relocated accurately and volume of finger segment under study can be determined precisely. System minimizes movement artifacts in plethysmograph trace because finger segment is held firmly

The Top Ten Challenges Facing Pastors in 2024

This article summarizes the results of a study conducted by the Great Commission Research Network seeking to identify the top challenges facing pastors in 2024. The results are similar to a study conducted last year examining concerns of churches (Moody, 2023). While both studies highlighted challenges related to evangelism and young adults, this study revealed additional, pastoral concerns

The geology of the Oceanographer Transform Fault

A detailed survey of the Oceanographer transform fault and environs at 35º N, 35ºW has yielded detailed information with respect to the generation and evolution of seafloor at a slowly accreting plate margin. From this data detailed bathymetric maps and maps of depth to basement have been constructed for a swath of seafloor 1800 km long and 100-200 km wide centered about the offset region. This data was used to subdivide major phases of seafloor spreading during the Tertiary. The ridge crest and all major topographic features near the transform appear to be affected by their proximity to the transform. The ridge crest widens and deepens towards the transform, and the rift valley walls are higher when they lie on the transform side of the valley than when they lie on the fracture zone side of the rift. Based upon the observed topographic effects the physical properties of the crust and upper mantle must vary markedly near the transform. Constraints provided by a combined ALVIN/ANGUS field program in the summer of 1980 indicate that the present zone of decoupling between the North American and African plates is located in the center of the transform valley; the zone of decoupling is less than 2 km wide, and is defined most often by discontinuous, variable degraded elongate fault or slump-degraded fualt scarps in sediment.-Vertical tectonism and mass-wasting processes dominate near the axial deep whereas deposition and erosion dominate in the terraces and the upper wall province. The petrologic data and the rock distribution data confirm that the crust near the Oceanographer transform is thin and even, perhaps discontinuous and indicates that the mode of crustal formation is likely to change significantly near transforms. Spectacular bedforms including abyssal furrows, dunes, longitudinal and transverse current ripples, and wave ripples are abundant. Except for the furrows these bedforms are concentrated in the very rugged, upper wall province of the transform. Chapter 3 presents a model for the formation of transform topography. This model hinges upon the assumption of a curved zone of decoupling between the plates near each ridge-transform intersection. This curvature gives rise to a geometric peculiarity which requires a gap to open between the plates. This gap conceivably should alter significantly many of the physical properties of the transform such as its depth, the height of the crestal mountains, the presence and width of any transverse ridges, and gradients of the seafloor into the intersection deep. Many of these properties vary in a fashion consistent with the model

Elder Investments: A Critique of Professional and Consumer Mediocrity

This article deals with the investing problems faced by many elderly today. Moody asserts that investor problems are primarily caused by a lack of knowledge in all levels of American financing, investing, and retirement planning. The article examines recent systemic failures that demonstrate how lack of knowledge continues to promote system failure, despite its grievous impact on the elderly who rely on their investments for income when they can no longer work

The Top Ten Challenges Facing Churches in 2023

This article summarizes the results of a study conducted by the Great Commission Research Network seeking to identify the top challenges facing churches in 2023. The results are similar to other recently conducted studies, emphasizing challenges related to evangelism and young adults