Study of the spatial variability of copper and cadmium concentration along the Meuse River margin.

O conhecimento dos n?veis de concentra??o de metais pesados no ambiente e sua dissemina??o no solo e nas ?guas s?o de primordial import?ncia em estudos ambientais, por constituir um dos indicadores de ?medi??o? do equil?brio da biodiversidade e da estabilidade dos ecossistemas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo, estudar a distribui??o espacial de dois metais pesados (Cobre e C?dmio) ao longo das margens do rio Meuse, por forma a medir os n?veis de contamina??o por esses metais. Foram usados dados da concentra??o de Cd e Cu amostrados em 155 pontos georeferenciados. Estes dados foram obtidos no programa R no pacote ?gstat? cuja base de dados denomina-se ?Meuse?. A metodologia de an?lise dos dados consistiu em ajustar semivariogramas para an?lise da depend?ncia espacial, e foram ajustados os modelos esf?ricos e gaussiano para a concentra??o de Cobre e C?dmio, respectivamente. O grau de depend?ncia espacial foi classificado como forte para a concentra??o de Cobre e moderada para a concentra??o de C?dmio. A estima??o da concentra??o destes metais pesados em pontos n?o amostrados, foi feita usando o m?todo de krigagem produzindo mapas de distribui??o espacial da concentra??o de Cobre e C?dmio que apresentaram um padr?o similar entre si. Verificou-se que dentre os dois metais pesados, o Cobre apresenta concentra??es muito altas que chegam a atingir os 130 mg/Kg de solo.The knowledge of the concentration levels of heavy metals in the environment and their dissemination in soil and water are of paramount importance in environmental studies, as one of the indicators of "measuring" the balance of biodiversity and the stability of ecosystems. The objective of this study was to study the spatial distribution of two heavy metals (Copper and Cadmium) along the banks of the Meuse River, in order to measure the levels of contamination by these metals. Cd and Cu concentration data were sampled at 155 georeferenced points. These data were obtained in the program R in the package "gstat" whose database is called "Meuse". The data analysis methodology consisted in adjusting semivariograms for spatial dependence analysis, and the spherical and Gaussian models were adjusted for the copper and cadmium concentration, respectively. The degree of spatial dependence was classified as strong for the copper concentration and moderate for the cadmium concentration. The estimation of the concentration of these heavy metals in non-sampled points was done using the kriging method, producing spatial distribution maps of the copper and cadmium concentrations that presented a similar pattern. It was verified that of the two heavy metals, Copper has very high concentrations that reach 130 mg / kg of soil

Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Dynamic Ensemble Selection

Solar irradiance forecasting has been an essential topic in renewable energy generation. Forecasting is an important task because it can improve the planning and operation of photovoltaic systems, resulting in economic advantages. Traditionally, single models are employed in this task. However, issues regarding the selection of an inappropriate model, misspecification, or the presence of random fluctuations in the solar irradiance series can result in this approach underperforming. This paper proposes a heterogeneous ensemble dynamic selection model, named HetDS, to forecast solar irradiance. For each unseen test pattern, HetDS chooses the most suitable forecasting model based on a pool of seven well-known literature methods: ARIMA, support vector regression (SVR), multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP), extreme learning machine (ELM), deep belief network (DBN), random forest (RF), and gradient boosting (GB). The experimental evaluation was performed with four data sets of hourly solar irradiance measurements in Brazil. The proposed model attained an overall accuracy that is superior to the single models in terms of five well-known error metrics

Sistemas de Pastas ? Base de Sulfato de C?lcio Hidratado para Aplica??o em Po?os Petrol?feros

Sistemas de pastas contendo sulfato de c?lcio hidratado como aglomerante b?sico para a cimenta??o de po?os de petr?leo, objetivando a promo??o do selo hidr?ulico entre as zonas perme?veis ou at? mesmo a veda??o de um ?nico intervalo perme?vel, impedindo a intercomunica??o de fluidos da forma??o, al?m de suporte mec?nico ao revestimento.UFRNUFP

GROWTH RATE OF TREE SPECIES IN A TERRA FIRME NATURAL FOREST AFTER LOGGING AND SILVICULTURAL TREATMENTS, IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF PARAGOMINAS, PAR\uc1, BRAZIL

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de tratamentos silviculturais sobre o crescimento de uma floresta natural de terra firme explorada usando t\ue9cnicas de impacto reduzido. A pesquisa foi conduzida na \uc1rea de Manejo Florestal (AMF) da Fazenda Rio Capim, pertencente \ue0 empresa Cikel Brasil Verde Madeiras Ltda., localizada no munic\uedpio de Paragominas, Estado do Par\ue1. A \ue1rea experimental correspondeu a 500 ha, nos quais foram estabelecidos cinco tratamentos (100 ha cada) com quatro repeti\ue7\uf5es (25 ha cada) seguindo um delineamento completamente ao acaso. As repeti\ue7\uf5es foram distribu\ueddas aleatoriamente na amostra de 500 ha na AMF. Foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: T1 \u2013 explora\ue7\ue3o de impacto reduzido (EIR) + desbaste de libera\ue7\ue3o cl\ue1ssico e corte de cip\uf3s; T2 \u2013 EIR + desbaste de libera\ue7\ue3o modificado e corte de cip\uf3s; T3 \u2013 EIR + corte de cip\uf3s; T6 \u2013 apenas EIR; T7 - floresta n\ue3o explorada (testemunha). Nos quatro anos de monitoramento da floresta, ap\uf3s a colheita de madeira e aplica\ue7\ue3o dos tratamentos silviculturais, T2 e T3 tiveram as maiores taxas de crescimento em di\ue2metro. Contudo, o per\uedodo de quatro anos n\ue3o \ue9 suficiente para indicar o tratamento \u201cmais adequado\u201d, com base no crescimento em di\ue2metro, em resposta \ue0 anelagem de \ue1rvores e corte de cip\uf3s. Em n\uedvel de esp\ue9cie, o crescimento variou entre e dentro dos tratamentos experimentais. Em geral, as menores taxas de crescimento em di\ue2metro ocorreram na floresta n\ue3o explorada (T7).This paper deals with the effects of silvicultural treatments on growth rates of a terra firme natural forest after reduced impact logging (RIL). The study was carried out in the Rio Capim Forest Management Unit, which belongs to Cikel Brasil Verde Madeiras Ltda., located in the municipality of Paragominas, PA. The experimental area comprised 500 ha, where five treatments (100 ha each) each with four replications (25 ha each) were established. The replications were randomly distributed in the 500 ha sample area. The following treatments were applied: T1 \u2013 RIL + classical liberation thinning (girdling of competing trees) and climber cutting; T2 \u2013 RIL + modified liberation thinning (girdling of competing trees) and climber cutting; T3 \u2013 RIL + climber cutting; T6 - only RIL; T7 - unlogged forest (control). In the four years of monitoring forest, after logging and silvicultural treatments, T2 and T3 had the highest diameter growth rates. But the four-year period is not enough to suggest the best treatment, based on diameter growth rate, in response to girdling trees and climber cutting. At species level, growth rate varied between treatments and within treatments. In general, the lower diameter growth rates were observed in the unlogged forest

Geo-environmental management of watersheds : the geological systems as the initial decision to land use.

Ap?s a cartografia da bacia do Rio Paracatu (Noroeste de Minas Gerais) ser atualizada em escala de 1:250.000, foi poss?vel elaborar a l?gica para a metodologia de gest?o geoambiental/geossistemas, como parte de uma ampla metodologia de gest?o, em elabora??o desde 1998. Apresenta-se como primeira etapa a verifica??o das rela??es entre rochas, geoformas e solos com as quais se exploram possibilidades e potencialidades de usos da terra para produ??o agr?cola, florestal, industrial, rural, energ?tica e de obras civis. Com o quadro de potencialidades fundamentado sobre os geossistemas, foi poss?vel ent?o realizar uma an?lise avaliativa das condi??es de acerto ou inconveni?ncia dos usos atuais da terra, as possibilidades de expans?o de usos e as necessidades de mitiga??o sob o ponto de vista da estabilidade do substrato. Com a cartografia na escala de 1:250.000 pode-se estabelecer uma vis?o regional e fornecer indicativos para estudos em escala local e a tomada de decis?o que envolve ainda um conjunto de outras ci?ncias, engenharias e modelos econom?tricos. Este artigo apresenta os procedimentos dessa primeira etapa de aux?lio ? elabora??o de decis?es, passo a passo.After the mapping of the Paracatu River basin (Northwestern Minas Gerais, Brazil) was updated on a scale of 1:250,000, it was possible to elaborate the rationale for the methodology of geo-environmental/geosystems management as part of a broad management methodology, under development since 1998. It presents as the first step to verify the relationship between rocks, landforms, and soils with which one can explore possibilities and potential land use for agricultural production, forestry, rural industrial, energy production, and civil works. With the framework of potentials based on geosystems, it was possible to make an evaluation analysis about the terms of settlement or inconvenience of the land current uses, the possibilities for expansion of uses, and the requirements for mitigation under the terms of the substrate stability. With the mapping at the 1:250,000 scale, it was possible to establish a regional vision provide the indicative scale studies and local decision-making that still involves a number of other sciences, engineering as well as the econometric models. This article presented the procedures of the first stage of the aid business decision making, step-by-step

Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined. For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4, while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than 90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined. For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4, while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than 90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles at high transverse momenta in PbPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV

The azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in PbPb collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV is measured with the CMS detector at the LHC over an extended transverse momentum (pt) range up to approximately 60 GeV. The data cover both the low-pt region associated with hydrodynamic flow phenomena and the high-pt region where the anisotropies may reflect the path-length dependence of parton energy loss in the created medium. The anisotropy parameter (v2) of the particles is extracted by correlating charged tracks with respect to the event-plane reconstructed by using the energy deposited in forward-angle calorimeters. For the six bins of collision centrality studied, spanning the range of 0-60% most-central events, the observed v2 values are found to first increase with pt, reaching a maximum around pt = 3 GeV, and then to gradually decrease to almost zero, with the decline persisting up to at least pt = 40 GeV over the full centrality range measured.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO