Violence breeds violence: burnout as a mediator between patient violence and nurse violence

The present study examines whether patient-perpetrated violence triggers anger, hatred and other negative emotions that, under certain circumstances, might motivate nurses to behave violently with patients. In doing so, this study considers burnout as a mediator in the patient violence–nurse violence relationship. To test the causal paths, data were collected from 182 nurses working in two government-sector teaching hospitals of Pakistan's Punjab province. Results confirm that patient violence toward nurses leads to nurse violence toward patients through the mediating effect of burnout. The study advises hospitals to provide wellness and stress management programs to nurses who regularly experience events involving patient violence. Hospitals may consider allowing nurses to take short breaks after an encounter with violently behaving patients. In addition, hospitals should conduct empathy-promoting training, emotional intelligence training and ‘lens of the patient’ training programs to sensitize their nursing staff

Three very old men's experiences of mobility device use over time

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore experiences of mobility device (MD) use among very old single-living Swedish men. Methods: A multiple case study of three men, involving quantitative and qualitative data, was used in an embedded mixed methods design and presented in three narrative stories. To capture differences and similarities in the use of MDs a cross-case analysis was conducted. Results: The findings show that the devices were important for retaining independence in everyday life and for participation in social activities. Use of MDs impacted on everyday activities by enabling, restricting, or changing the performance. Planning and careful thinking were new strategies developed for managing everyday life. The devices were purchased, received from relatives, or prescribed by professionals at a time point when there was a need. The function and form of the devices and a supportive environment were considered important for optimal use. Conclusions: These narrative stories nurture our understanding of complex and multifaceted aspects impacting on MD use in everyday life for very old men. To support active ageing, occupational therapists and other health professionals need to seek information on personal needs and expectations, in order to understand individual perspectives on MD use