Future non-linear stability for reflection symmetric solutions of the Einstein-Vlasov system of Bianchi types II and VI0_0

Using the methods developed for the Bianchi I case we have shown that a boostrap argument is also suitable to treat the future non-linear stability for reflection symmetric solutions of the Einstein-Vlasov system of Bianchi types II and VI$_0$. These solutions are asymptotic to the Collins-Stewart solution with dust and the Ellis-MacCallum solution respectively. We have thus generalized the results obtained by Rendall and Uggla in the case of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi II spacetimes to the reflection symmetric case. However we needed to assume small data. For Bianchi VI$_0$ there is no analogous previous result.Comment: 30 page

The Bousso entropy bound in selfgravitating gas of massless particles

The Bousso entropy bound is investigated in a static spherically symmetric spacetime filled with an ideal gas of massless bosons or fermions. Especially lightsheets generated by spheres are considered. Statistical description of the gas is given. Conditions under which the Bousso bound can be violated are discussed and it is shown that a possible violating region cannot be arbitrarily large and it is contained inside a sphere of unit Planck radius if number of independent polarization states $g_s$ is small enough. It is also shown that central temperature must exceed the Planck temperature to get a violation of the Bousso bound for $g_s$ not too large.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, a paragraph added, version published in Gen. Rel. Gra

Well-Posed Initial-Boundary Evolution in General Relativity

Maximally dissipative boundary conditions are applied to the initial-boundary value problem for Einstein's equations in harmonic coordinates to show that it is well-posed for homogeneous boundary data and for boundary data that is small in a linearized sense. The method is implemented as a nonlinear evolution code which satisfies convergence tests in the nonlinear regime and is robustly stable in the weak field regime. A linearized version has been stably matched to a characteristic code to compute the gravitational waveform radiated to infinity.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures; added another convergence plot to Fig. 2 + minor change

Nonlocal Equation of State in Anisotropic Static Fluid Spheres in General Relativity

We show that it is possible to obtain credible static anisotropic spherically symmetric matter configurations starting from known density profiles and satisfying a nonlocal equation of state. These particular types of equation of state describe, at a given point, the components of the corresponding energy-momentum tensor not only as a function at that point, but as a functional throughout the enclosed configuration. To establish the physical plausibility of the proposed family of solutions satisfying nonlocal equation of state, we study the constraints imposed by the junction and energy conditions on these bounded matter distributions. We also show that it is possible to obtain physically plausible static anisotropic spherically symmetric matter configurations, having nonlocal equations of state\textit{,}concerning the particular cases where the radial pressure vanishes and, other where the tangential pressures vanishes. The later very particular type of relativistic sphere with vanishing tangential stresses is inspired by some of the models proposed to describe extremely magnetized neutron stars (magnetars) during the transverse quantum collapse.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure, minor changes in the text, references added, two new solutions studie

Fundamental Solutions for the Klein-Gordon Equation in de Sitter Spacetime

In this article we construct the fundamental solutions for the Klein-Gordon equation in de Sitter spacetime. We use these fundamental solutions to represent solutions of the Cauchy problem and to prove $L^p-L^q$ estimates for the solutions of the equation with and without a source term

Asymptotic behavior of w in general quintom model

For the quintom models with arbitrary potential $V=V(\phi,\sigma)$, the asymptotic value of equation of state parameter w is obtained by a new method. In this method, w of stable attractors are calculated by using the ratio (d ln V)/(d ln a) in asymptotic region. All the known results, have been obtained by other methods, are reproduced by this method as specific examples.Comment: 8 pages, one example is added, accepted for publication in Gen. Rel. Gra

Fertility, Living Arrangements, Care and Mobility

There are four main interconnecting themes around which the contributions in this book are based. This introductory chapter aims to establish the broad context for the chapters that follow by discussing each of the themes. It does so by setting these themes within the overarching demographic challenge of the twenty-first century – demographic ageing. Each chapter is introduced in the context of the specific theme to which it primarily relates and there is a summary of the data sets used by the contributors to illustrate the wide range of cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysed

Dynamics of Brane-World Cosmological Models

We show that generically the initial singularity is isotropic in spatially homogeneous cosmological models in the brane-world scenario. We then argue that it is plausible that the initial singularity is isotropic in typical brane world cosmological models. Therefore, brane cosmology naturally gives rise to a set of initial data that provide the conditions for inflation to subsequently take place, thereby solving the initial conditions problem and leading to a self--consistent and viable cosmology.Comment: Final version. To appear in Physical Revie

IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ORTHOTOPIC HUMAN LIVER ALLOGRAFTS

Twenty-six specimens obtained from twenty human orthotopic liver allografts 10-968 days after transplantation were studied by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence. The main lesions consisted of mononuclear-cell infiltration around the portal tracts, centrilobular cholestasis, liver-cell atrophy and reticulin collapse, obliterative intimal thickening of hepatic arteries, and fibrosis. Moderate amounts of IgG and/or IgM and complement (β1C/β1A globulin or C'lq) were observed in four of the liver samples and smaller deposits were present in another five. A further three specimens contained IgG without complement. IgA was detected in only one of the samples. The immunoglobulins were found in the walls of the portal and central veins and of the sinusoids in all thirteen positive liver samples, in the walls of branches of the hepatic artery in three, and in the cytoplasm of some of the mononuclear cells infiltrating the portal tracts in nine of the specimens. Fibrinogen was seen in eight of the samples, usually in the spaces of Disse. Accumulations of immunoglobulins and complement were less frequent in liver than in kidney and heart allografts. These findings suggest that in the failure of human liver allografts cell-mediated immunity and non-immunological factors may be more important than humoral antibody. © 1972

Post-Newtonian Gravitational Radiation

1 Introduction 2 Multipole Decomposition 3 Source Multipole Moments 4 Post-Minkowskian Approximation 5 Radiative Multipole Moments 6 Post-Newtonian Approximation 7 Point-Particles 8 ConclusionComment: 46 pages, in Einstein's Field Equations and Their Physical Implications, B. Schmidt (Ed.), Lecture Notes in Physics, Springe