25 research outputs found
The WaveDriving Course
In the last ten years our knowledge about the formation of traffic jams has changed substantially, so that the idea of »phantom traffic jam» could soon seem naive to us. But transforming traffic flows and eliminating traffic jams requires that each individual driver (human or non-human) understands their role in traffic flows, the genesis of traffic jams, and how to behave to avoid them. Based on previous studies we have termed this adaptive, anti-jam behavior Wavedriving. This paper presents the design and structure of an online WaveDriving course (WDC) conceived to teach to avoid traffic jams, as well as its first pilot tests. Although some improvements have been identified after the pilots, the preliminary results confirm that the WDC manages to transform car-following behavior of participants, from ordinary drivers to WaveDrivers
Impact of cross-section uncertainties on supernova neutrino spectral parameter fitting in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
A primary goal of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is
to measure the MeV neutrinos produced by a Galactic
core-collapse supernova if one should occur during the lifetime of the
experiment. The liquid-argon-based detectors planned for DUNE are expected to
be uniquely sensitive to the component of the supernova flux, enabling
a wide variety of physics and astrophysics measurements. A key requirement for
a correct interpretation of these measurements is a good understanding of the
energy-dependent total cross section for charged-current
absorption on argon. In the context of a simulated extraction of
supernova spectral parameters from a toy analysis, we investigate the
impact of modeling uncertainties on DUNE's supernova neutrino
physics sensitivity for the first time. We find that the currently large
theoretical uncertainties on must be substantially reduced
before the flux parameters can be extracted reliably: in the absence of
external constraints, a measurement of the integrated neutrino luminosity with
less than 10\% bias with DUNE requires to be known to about 5%.
The neutrino spectral shape parameters can be known to better than 10% for a
20% uncertainty on the cross-section scale, although they will be sensitive to
uncertainties on the shape of . A direct measurement of
low-energy -argon scattering would be invaluable for improving the
theoretical precision to the needed level.Comment: 25 pages, 21 figure
The DUNE far detector vertical drift technology. Technical design report
DUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals
Análisis de los estereotipos socioculturales hacia cuerpo delgado y cuerpo musculoso: diferencias en función del sexo y discrepancia con el peso
Este estudio tiene un doble objetivo. En primer lugar, adaptar y validar al contexto espa˜nol un modelobifactorial del Body Change Inventory para medir la orientación hacia cuerpo delgado y orientación haciacuerpo musculoso. Un segundo objetivo es analizar los estereotipos socioculturales hacia la delgadez yel cuerpo musculoso según la variable sexo combinada con la discrepancia con el peso. La muestra estácompuesta por 1022 estudiantes (488 chicas y 534 chicos) de entre 9 y 12 a˜nos (mujeres: M = 10.41,DT = .66; varones: M = 10.47, DT = .68). Se analizan las propiedades psicométricas de la escala mediantediferentes análisis que permiten considerarla instrumento válido y fiable. Los resultados del análisis devarianza indican que tanto chicas como chicos pretenden perder peso en la búsqueda del ideal de cuerpodelgado, mientras que son más los varones quienes persiguen un cuerpo musculoso, independientementede si pretenden perder, ganar o mantener peso.
The purpose of this study is twofold. First, to adapt and validate a two-factor model of Body ChangeInventory to the Spanish context, in order to measure the orientation towards thin body and orientationtowards muscular body. The second aim is to analyse the sociocultural stereotypes towards thinness andmuscular body according to the sex variable combined with the discrepancy with the current weight.The sample consisted of 1,022 students (488 girls and 534 boys) between 9 and 12 years old (female:M = 10.41, SD = .66, males: M= 10.47, SD = .68). An analysis was performed on the psychometric propertiesof the scale using different tests that enabled it to be considered as a valid and reliable tool. The resultsof variance analysis showed that both girls and boys intend to lose weight in the search for the thin bodyideal, while more boys are pursuing a muscular body, regardless of whether they intend to lose, gain, ormaintain weight
Motivation in the teaching of Physical Education according to the Achievement Goal Theory: methodological considerations
Physical Education, Motivation, Achievement Goal Theory, Motivational Profiles, Psychological Assessment,
Doping Liquid Argon with Xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: Effects on Scintillation Light
International audienceDoping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May 2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 770 t of total liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. The goal of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of 18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a function of the distance between tracks and light detectors, demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen
Doping Liquid Argon with Xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: Effects on Scintillation Light
International audienceDoping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May 2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 770 t of total liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. The goal of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of 18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a function of the distance between tracks and light detectors, demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen
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Doping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light
Abstract
Doping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small
concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and
facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation
light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping
test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May
2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far
Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 720 t of total
liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. A 5.4 ppm nitrogen
contamination was present during the xenon doping campaign. The goal
of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the
detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of
18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for
reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by
deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light
collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by
using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP
and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this
run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of
the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the
presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then
describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method
deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the
light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these
components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were
injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a
function of the distance between tracks and light detectors,
demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted
PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light
losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen.</jats:p
Doping Liquid Argon with Xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: Effects on Scintillation Light
International audienceDoping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May 2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 770 t of total liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. The goal of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of 18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a function of the distance between tracks and light detectors, demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen
Doping Liquid Argon with Xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: Effects on Scintillation Light
International audienceDoping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May 2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 770 t of total liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. The goal of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of 18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a function of the distance between tracks and light detectors, demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen