Компаративний аналіз привабливості стратегічних зон господарювання підприємства

Запропоновано методику компаративного аналізу привабливості стратегічних зон господарювання підприємства з використанням методів багатокритеріального оцінювання.Предложена методика компаративного анализа привлекательности стратегических зон хозяйствования предприятия с использованием методов многокритериального оценивания.The article proposed a method for comparative analysis of attractiveness of enterprise strategic bussines unit using methods of multi-criteria evaluation

Childhood Adversity and Incident Psychotic Experiences in Early Adulthood:Cognitive and Psychopathological Mediators

Background and Hypothesis Childhood adversity is often described as a potential cause of incident psychotic experiences, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive and psychopathological factors in the relation between childhood adversity and incident psychotic experiences in early adulthood.Study Design We analyzed data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a large population-based cohort study. Childhood adversity was measured prospectively from birth to age 11 years, mediators (anxiety, depression, external locus of control [LoC], negative symptoms) were assessed at approximately 16 years of age, and incident psychotic experiences were assessed at ages 18 and 24 years. Mediation was examined via the counterfactual g-computation formula.Study Results In total, 7% of participants had incident suspected or definite psychotic experiences in early adulthood. Childhood adversity was related to more incident psychotic experiences (ORadjusted = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.21; 1.49), and this association was partially mediated via all mediators examined (proportion mediated: 19.9%). In separate analyses for each mediator, anxiety, depression, external LoC, and negative symptoms were all found to mediate the link between adversity and incident psychotic experiences. Accounting for potential confounders did not modify our results.Conclusions Our study shows that cognitive biases as well as mood symptomatology may be on the causal pathway between early-life adversity and the development of psychotic experiences. Future studies should determine which mediating factors are most easily modifiable and most likely to reduce the risk of developing psychotic experiences

Childhood Adversity and Incident Psychotic Experiences in Early Adulthood:Cognitive and Psychopathological Mediators

Background and Hypothesis Childhood adversity is often described as a potential cause of incident psychotic experiences, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive and psychopathological factors in the relation between childhood adversity and incident psychotic experiences in early adulthood.Study Design We analyzed data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a large population-based cohort study. Childhood adversity was measured prospectively from birth to age 11 years, mediators (anxiety, depression, external locus of control [LoC], negative symptoms) were assessed at approximately 16 years of age, and incident psychotic experiences were assessed at ages 18 and 24 years. Mediation was examined via the counterfactual g-computation formula.Study Results In total, 7% of participants had incident suspected or definite psychotic experiences in early adulthood. Childhood adversity was related to more incident psychotic experiences (ORadjusted = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.21; 1.49), and this association was partially mediated via all mediators examined (proportion mediated: 19.9%). In separate analyses for each mediator, anxiety, depression, external LoC, and negative symptoms were all found to mediate the link between adversity and incident psychotic experiences. Accounting for potential confounders did not modify our results.Conclusions Our study shows that cognitive biases as well as mood symptomatology may be on the causal pathway between early-life adversity and the development of psychotic experiences. Future studies should determine which mediating factors are most easily modifiable and most likely to reduce the risk of developing psychotic experiences

Deep learning for automated exclusion of cardiac CT examinations negative for coronary artery calcium

Purpose: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score has shown to be an accurate predictor of future cardiovascular events. Early detection by CAC scoring might reduce the number of deaths by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Automatically excluding scans which test negative for CAC could significantly reduce the workload of radiologists. We propose an algorithm that both excludes negative scans and segments the CAC. Method: The training and internal validation data were collected from the ROBINSCA study. The external validation data were collected from the ImaLife study. Both contain annotated low-dose non-contrast cardiac CT scans. 60 scans of participants were used for training and 2 sets of 50 CT scans of participants without CAC and 50 CT scans of participants with an Agatston score between 10 and 20 were collected for both internal and external validation. The effect of dilated convolutional layers was tested by using 2 CNN architectures. We used the patient-level accuracy as metric for assessing the accuracy of our pipeline for detection of CAC and the Dice coefficient score as metric for the segmentation of CAC. Results: Of the 50 negative cases in the internal and external validation set, 62 % and 86 % were classified correctly, respectively. There were no false negative predictions. For the segmentation task, Dice Coefficient scores of 0.63 and 0.84 were achieved for the internal and external validation datasets, respectively. Conclusions: Our algorithm excluded 86 % of all scans without CAC. Radiologists might need to spend less time on participants without CAC and could spend more time on participants that need their attention