1,005 research outputs found
High-sensitivity monitoring of micromechanical vibration using optical whispering gallery mode resonators
The inherent coupling of optical and mechanical modes in high finesse optical
microresonators provide a natural, highly sensitive transduction mechanism for
micromechanical vibrations. Using homodyne and polarization spectroscopy
techniques, we achieve shot-noise limited displacement sensitivities of
10^(-19) m Hz^(-1/2). In an unprecedented manner, this enables the detection
and study of a variety of mechanical modes, which are identified as radial
breathing, flexural and torsional modes using 3-dimensional finite element
modelling. Furthermore, a broadband equivalent displacement noise is measured
and found to agree well with models for thermorefractive noise in silica
dielectric cavities. Implications for ground-state cooling, displacement
sensing and Kerr squeezing are discussed.Comment: 25 pages, 8 figure
Delocalization of slowly damped eigenmodes on Anosov manifolds
We look at the properties of high frequency eigenmodes for the damped wave
equation on a compact manifold with an Anosov geodesic flow. We study
eigenmodes with spectral parameters which are asymptotically close enough to
the real axis. We prove that such modes cannot be completely localized on
subsets satisfying a condition of negative topological pressure. As an
application, one can deduce the existence of a "strip" of logarithmic size
without eigenvalues below the real axis under this dynamical assumption on the
set of undamped trajectories.Comment: 28 pages; compared with version 1, minor modifications, add two
reference
\epsilon-regularity for systems involving non-local, antisymmetric operators
We prove an epsilon-regularity theorem for critical and super-critical
systems with a non-local antisymmetric operator on the right-hand side.
These systems contain as special cases, Euler-Lagrange equations of
conformally invariant variational functionals as Rivi\`ere treated them, and
also Euler-Lagrange equations of fractional harmonic maps introduced by Da
Lio-Rivi\`ere.
In particular, the arguments presented here give new and uniform proofs of
the regularity results by Rivi\`ere, Rivi\`ere-Struwe, Da-Lio-Rivi\`ere, and
also the integrability results by Sharp-Topping and Sharp, not discriminating
between the classical local, and the non-local situations
Structural analysis of Ti1−xSixNy nanocomposite films prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering
Nanocomposite thin films consisting of both nanosized solid solutions or nanosized polycrystalline materials embedded in various amorphous matrix materials thus provide a grate potential for future mechanical devices. In this paper we report on the preparation of films resulting from additions of Si to TiN matrix by r.f. reactive magnetron sputtering. Structural properties such as growing characteristics (type of matrix, texture and grain size) will be analysed in some detail. Conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), together with both symmetric and asymmetric mode X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments were used for this characterisation. The atomic composition of the samples was obtained by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS).
The analysis will be carried out as a function of the Si content in the Ti1-xSixNy matrix and several relations will be made regarding important parameters such as texture evolution, grain sizes, but most specially by the type of matrix developed. Regarding the results, all samples develop a double fcc phase with lattice parameters of 4.30 Ã… and 4.17 Ã…, corresponding to cubic TiN and most likely to a cubic lattice of SiNx, respectively.
Although no significant changes in texture were observed till Si compositions up to 10.6 at. %, the arrangement in atoms planes seem to vary. Results show that an asymmetric arrangement is developed in samples of small Si additions. This arrangement becomes more isotropic with the increase of Si contents, which we attribute to the increase in the SiNx content. In fact this increase leads also to the development of a small amorphous tissue of Si3N4 for large Si additions.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the ‘Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia’ (FCT) during the course of this research under project n PBICT/P/CTM/1962/95 and also the French CNRS Institution and the Portugese ICCTI Institution through CNRS/ICCTI Programs (N: 5522-1998 and 7087-1999)
Combined paclitaxel and gemcitabine as first-line treatment in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a multicentre phase II study
The efficacy and toxicity of combined paclitaxel and gemcitabine was evaluated in 54 chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gemcitabine i.v. 1000 mg/m2was administered on days 1 and 8 and paclitaxel 200 mg/m2as a continuous 3-hour infusion on day 1. Treatment was repeated every 21 days. Patients had a median age of 53 years. ECOG performance status was 0 or 1 in 48 patients. 41 patients (75.9%) had initial stage IV disease; histology was mainly adenocarcinoma (46.3%). 2 patients (4.3%) achieved a complete response and 15 (31.9%) achieved a partial response giving an overall response rate of 36.2% (95% CI: 22.4–49.9%); 19 patients (40.4%) had stable disease and 10 (21.3%) had progressive disease. The median survival time was 51 weeks (95% CI: 46.5–59.3), with a 1-year survival probability of 0.48 (95% CI: 0.34–0.63). Grade 3/4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia occurred in 15.2% and 2.2% of courses, respectively. Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia was rare (1.8% of courses). Peripheral neurotoxicity developed in 25 patients (47.2%), mostly grade 1/2. Arthalgia/myalgia was observed in 30 patients (56.6%), generally grade 1 or 2. Grade 3 abnormal levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) occurred in 5 patients (9.4%) and 1 patient (1.9%), respectively. Combined paclitaxel and gemcitabine is an active and well-tolerated regimen for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, and warrants further investigation in comparative, randomized trials. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co
Theory of monolayers with boundaries: Exact results and Perturbative analysis
Domains and bubbles in tilted phases of Langmuir monolayers contain a class
of textures knows as boojums. The boundaries of such domains and bubbles may
display either cusp-like features or indentations. We derive analytic
expressions for the textures within domains and surrounding bubbles, and for
the shapes of the boundaries of these regions. The derivation is perturbative
in the deviation of the bounding curve from a circle. This method is not
expected to be accurate when the boundary suffers large distortions, but it
does provide important clues with regard to the influence of various energetic
terms on the order-parameter texture and the shape of the domain or bubble
bounding curve. We also look into the effects of thermal fluctuations, which
include a sample-size-dependent effective line tension.Comment: replaced with published version, 21 pages, 16 figures include
Hardy Spaces on Weighted Homogeneous Trees
We consider an infinite homogeneous tree V endowed with the usual metric d defined on graphs and a weighted measure μ. The metric measure space (V, d, μ) is nondoubling and of exponential growth, hence the classical theory of Hardy spaces does not apply in this setting. We construct an atomic Hardy space H1(μ) on (V, d, μ) and investigate some of its properties, focusing in particular on real interpolation properties and on boundedness of singular integrals on H1(μ)
Boojums and the Shapes of Domains in Monolayer Films
Domains in Langmuir monolayers support a texture that is the two-dimensional
version of the feature known as a boojum. Such a texture has a quantifiable
effect on the shape of the domain with which it is associated. The most
noticeable consequence is a cusp-like feature on the domain boundary. We report
the results of an experimental and theoretical investigation of the shape of a
domain in a Langmuir monolayer. A further aspect of the investigation is the
study of the shape of a ``bubble'' of gas-like phase in such a monolayer. This
structure supports a texture having the form of an inverse boojum. The
distortion of a bubble resulting from this texture is also studied. The
correspondence between theory and experiment, while not perfect, indicates that
a qualitative understanding of the relationship between textures and domain
shapes has been achieved.Comment: replaced with published version, 10 pages, 13 figures include
The A-shell star φ Leo revisited: its photospheric and circumstellar spectra
Context. We previously suggested that variable red- and blueshifted absorption features observed in the Ca I
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