295 research outputs found
Amifostine can differentially modulate DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis induced by idarubicin in normal and cancer cells
We have previously shown that amifostine differentially modulated the DNA-damaging action of idarubicin in normal and cancer cells and that the presence of p53 protein and oncogenic tyrosine kinases might play a role in this diversity. Aim: To investigate further this effect we have studied the influence of amifostine on idarubicin-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and apoptosis. Methods: We employed pulse-field gel electrophoresis () for the detection of DSBs and assessment of their repair in human normal lymphocytes and chronic myelogenous leukaemia K562 cells lacking p53 activity and expressing the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase. Apoptosis was evaluated by caspase-3 activity assay assisted by the alkaline comet assay and DAPI staining. Results: Idarubicin induced DSBs in a dose-independent manner in normal and cancer cells. Both types of the cells did not repair these lesions in 120 min and amifostine differentially modulated their level β decreased it in the lymphocytes and increased in K562 cells. In contrast to control cells, amifostine potentated apoptotic DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and the activity of caspase-3 in leukaemia cells. Conclusion: Amifostine can differentially modulate DSBs and apoptosis induced by idarubicin in normal and cancer cells. It can protect normal cells against drug-induced DNA damage and it can potentate the action of the drug in leukaemic cells. Further studies on link between amifostine-induced modulation of DSBs and apoptosis of cancer cells will bring a deeper insight into molecular mechanism of amifostine action.Π Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠΠ-ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π²
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Ρ53 ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π· ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ
ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½-ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΠΠ (DSBs)
ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π· Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ (PFGE) Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ DSBs ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
K562 Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Ρ53
Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° BCR/ABL-ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Π°. ΠΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ DAPI-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ:
ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ DSBs Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ. ΠΠ±Π° ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π° 120 ΠΌΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ DSBs β ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»
Π² Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π» Π² K562-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
. Π ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3 Π² Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ DSBs ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ½
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ
DSBs ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°
Crystallographic orientation inhomogeneity and crystal splitting in biogenic calcite
The calcitic prismatic units forming the outer shell of the bivalve Pinctada margaritifera have been analysed using scanning electron microscopyβelectron back-scatter diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. In the initial stages of growth, the individual prismatic units are single crystals. Their crystalline orientation is not consistent but rather changes gradually during growth. The gradients in crystallographic orientation occur mainly in a direction parallel to the long axis of the prism, i.e. perpendicular to the shell surface and do not show preferential tilting along any of the calcite lattice axes. At a certain growth stage, gradients begin to spread and diverge, implying that the prismatic units split into several crystalline domains. In this way, a branched crystal, in which the ends of the branches are independent crystalline domains, is formed. At the nanometre scale, the material is composed of slightly misoriented domains, which are separated by planes approximately perpendicular to the c-axis. Orientational gradients and splitting processes are described in biocrystals for the first time and are undoubtedly related to the high content of intracrystalline organic molecules, although the way in which these act to induce the observed crystalline patterns is a matter of future research
Plasmonic nanostructures for light trapping in thin-film solar cells
The optical properties of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) sustained by self-assembled silver nanoparticles are of great interest for enhancing light trapping in thin film photovoltaics. First, we report on a systematic investigation of the structural and the optical properties of silver nanostructures fabricated by a solid-state dewetting process on various substrates. Our study allows to identify fabrication conditions in which circular, uniformly spaced nanoparticles are obtainable. The optimized NPs are then integrated into plasmonic back reflector (PBR) structures. Second, we demonstrate a novel procedure, involving a combination of opto-electronic spectroscopic techniques, allowing for the quantification of useful and parasitic absorption in thin photovoltaic absorber deposited on top of the PBR. We achieve a significant broadband useful absorption enhancement of 90% for 0.9 um thick uc-Si:H film and demonstrate that optical losses due to plasmonic scattering are insignificant below 730 nm. Finally, we present a successful implementation of a plasmonic light trapping scheme in a thin film a-Si:H solar cell. The quantum efficiency spectra of the devices show a pronounced broadband enhancement resulting in remarkably high short circuit current densities (Jsc)
Promoter methylation of cancer-related genes in gastric carcinoma
Genetic changes associated with gastric cancer are not completely known, but epigenetic mechanisms involved in this disease seem to play an important role in its pathophysiology. One of these mechanisms, an aberrant methylation in the promoter regions of genes involved in cancer induction and promotion, may be of particular importance in gastric cancer. Aim: To analyze the methylation status of eight genes: Apaf-1, Casp8, CDH1, MDR1, GSTP1, BRCA1, hMLH1, Fas in gastric cancer patients. Methods: The methylation pattern of the genes was assessed by methylation specific restriction enzyme PCR (MSRE-PCR) in gastric tumors taken during surgery of 27 patients and compared with the methylation pattern in material obtained from biopsy in 25 individuals without cancer and pre-cancerous lesions. Results: We observed a promoter hypermethylation in the Casp8, hMLH1, CDH1 and MDR1 in gastric cancer patients as compared with the controls. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between promoter hypermethylation and age, gender, smoking and gastric cancer family history. The hypermethylation of the hMLH1 gene occurred more frequently in female than in men, and the hypermethylation of the CDH1 gene was observed preferentially in smoking than in non-smoking individuals. Conclusion: The data obtained indicate that changes in DNA methylation may contribute to gastric carcinogenesis.ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ²β
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²: Apaf-1, Casp8, CDH1, MDR1, GSTP1, BRCA1, hMLH1, Fas Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΠ¦Π (MSRE-PCR)
Π½Π° Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ (ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°) 27 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π», ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ
ΠΎΡ 25 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Casp8, hMLH1, CDH1 ΠΈ MDR1 Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²,
ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π° hMLH1 Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ
ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½, Π° Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π° CDH1 β Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ,
ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°
Colloidal plasmonic back reflectors for light trapping in solar cells
Novel plasmonic scattering structures are presented, composed of self-assembled arrays of monosized colloidal gold nanospheres, for light trapping in photovoltaics
Serum levels of IL-6 type cytokines and soluble IL-6 receptors in active B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and in cladribine induced remission.
We have investigated the serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and two IL-6 family cytokines-oncostatin M (OSM) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)-in 63 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and 17 healthy controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Simultaneously, we measured the serum levels of the soluble forms of two subunits of the IL-6 receptor complex-ligand binding glycoprotein 80 (sIL-6R) and glycoprotein 130 (sgp130). The cytokines and receptors were evaluated in 25 untreated patients and 38 patients treated with cladribine (2-CdA), as well as in 17 healthy controls. We have correlated the serum levels of these proteins with Rai's clinical stage of the disease, the response to 2-CdA treatment and some hematological parameters. We have also evaluated the correlation of the IL-6 serum level with the concentration of OSM and IL-6 soluble receptors. IL-6 was measurable in 62/63 (98.4%), OSM in 20/25 (80%) of untreated and 14/38 (37.8%) of the treated patients. sIL-6R and sgp130 were detectable in all 63 patients and LIF in none of the CLL patients. IL-6 serum level in untreated patients was not significantly different as compared to its concentration in the control group (P>0.05). However, in the patients treated with 2-CdA the IL-6 level was significantly lower (P<0.02), and the lowest concentration was found in the patients with complete remission (CR; median 1.4pg/ml; P<0.02). The concentration of sIL-6R was significantly higher in untreated (median 61.8 ng/ml) and treated (median 50.1 ng/ml) CLL patients when compared to normal persons (median 41.2 ng/ml; P=0.04; P<0.001, respectively). There was no difference between the sIL-6R levels in the patients with CR and the healthy controls. In non-responders sIL-6R concentration was the highest and similar to its level in the untreated patients. OSM level was higher in the untreated patients (median 1.8pg/ml) than in the normal controls (median 0.0pg/ml; P<0.001) and in the CR patients (median 0.0pg/ml; P<0.03). The serum concentration of sgp130 was similar in the untreated (median 480 pg/ml) and treated (median 470 pg/ml) patients, as well as in the healthy persons (median 420 pg/ml; P>0.05). We have found significant positive correlation between the levels of sIL-6R and the lymphocytes count in CLL patients (p=0.423; P<0.001). In addition, sIL-6R and OSM serum concentrations correlated also with CLL Rai stage. In conclusion, the serum level of IL-6, OSM and sIL-6R, but not LIF and sgp130, are useful indicators of CLL activity
On a functional equation involving iterates and powers
We present a complete list of all continuous solutions f : (0,+β)β(0,+β) of the equation f 2(x) = Ξ³ [f (x)]Ξ±xΞ², where Ξ±, Ξ² and Ξ³ > 0 are given real numbers
Off-axis electron holography of magnetic nanostructures: magnetic behavior of Mn rich nanoprecipitates in (Mn,Ga)As system
The Lorentz off-axis electron holography technique is applied to study the
magnetic nature of Mn rich nanoprecipitates in (Mn,Ga)As system. The
effectiveness of this technique is demonstrated in detection of the magnetic
field even for small nanocrystals having an average size down to 20 nm.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Around a problem of Nicole BrillouΓ«tβBelluot
We determine nontrivial intervals I β (0,+β), numbers Ξ± β R and continuous
bijections f : I β I such that f(x)fβ1(x) = xΞ± for every x β I
Reducing the polynomial-like iterative equations order and a generalized Zoltan Boros' problem
We present a technique for reducing the order of polynomial-like iterative equations; in particular, we answer a question asked by Wenmeng Zhang and Weinian Zhang. Our method involves the asymptotic behaviour of the sequence of consecutive iterates of the unknown function at a given point. As an application we solve a generalized problem of ZoltΓ‘n Boros posed during the 50th ISFE
- β¦