Self-Reported Facial Pain in UK Biobank Study : Prevalence and Associated Factors

Peer reviewe

Fermionic realisations of simple Lie algebras

We study the representation ${\cal D}$ of a simple compact Lie algebra \g of rank l constructed with the aid of the hermitian Dirac matrices of a ({\rm dim} \g)-dimensional euclidean space. The irreducible representations of \g contained in ${\cal D}$ are found by providing a general construction on suitable fermionic Fock spaces. We give full details not only for the simplest odd and even cases, namely su(2) and su(3), but also for the next ({dim} \g)-even case of su(5). Our results are far reaching: they apply to any \g-invariant quantum mechanical system containing {\rm dim} \g fermions. Another reason for undertaking this study is to examine the role of the \g-invariant fermionic operators that naturally arise. These are given in terms of products of an odd number of gamma matrices, and include, besides a cubic operator, (l-1) fermionic scalars of higher order. The latter are constructed from the Lie algebra cohomology cocycles, and must be considered to be of theoretical significance similar to the cubic operator. In the ({\rm dim} \g)-even case, the product of all l operators turns out to be the chirality operator \gamma_q, q=({{\rm dim} \g+1}).Comment: Plain latex file, 17

Optimally defined Racah-Casimir operators for su(n) and their eigenvalues for various classes of representations

This paper deals with the striking fact that there is an essentially canonical path from the $i$-th Lie algebra cohomology cocycle, $i=1,2,... l$, of a simple compact Lie algebra \g of rank $l$ to the definition of its primitive Casimir operators $C^{(i)}$ of order $m_i$. Thus one obtains a complete set of Racah-Casimir operators $C^{(i)}$ for each \g and nothing else. The paper then goes on to develop a general formula for the eigenvalue $c^{(i)}$ of each $C^{(i)}$ valid for any representation of \g, and thereby to relate $c^{(i)}$ to a suitably defined generalised Dynkin index. The form of the formula for $c^{(i)}$ for $su(n)$ is known sufficiently explicitly to make clear some interesting and important features. For the purposes of illustration, detailed results are displayed for some classes of representation of $su(n)$, including all the fundamental ones and the adjoint representation.Comment: Latex, 16 page

Lie algebra and invariant tensor technology for g2

Proceeding in analogy with su(n) work on lambda matrices and f- and d-tensors, this paper develops the technology of the Lie algebra g2, its seven dimensional defining representation gamma and the full set of invariant tensors that arise in relation thereto. A comprehensive listing of identities involving these tensors is given. This includes identities that depend on use of characteristic equations, especially for gamma, and a good body of results involving the quadratic, sextic and (the non-primitivity of) other Casimir operators of g2.Comment: 29 pages, LaTe

Results of post-test psychological examinations of the crewmen from the 90-day manned test of an advanced regenerative life support system

The following material presents the results of two temporally remote administrations of an identical projective personality assessment device (Rorschach Inkblot) using crew members aboard the 90-day test. The first administration took place during preselection crew psychodiagnostic testing in the period extending from mid-December 1969 through mid-January 1970. Second administration took place in late May and early June, 1971, approximately one year after termination of the test. During the 90-day program duration, the subjects participated in the crew training program, were selected and served as onboard crew during the 90-day test. The testing was undertaken in order to determine the character and extent of change (if any) in basic personality dynamics accompanying or caused by participation in the 90-day test program. Results indicate that significant personality changes occurred in three of the four onboard crew members. A detailed discussion of the results is provided. Objective scores which served as the basis for the discussion are presented in the Appendix

Birth outcomes for African and Caribbean babies in England and Wales: retrospective analysis of routinely collected data

Objectives: To compare mean birth weights, gestational ages and odds of preterm birth and low birth weight of live singleton babies of black African or Caribbean ethnicity born in 2005 or 2006 by mother's country of birth. Design: Secondary analysis of data from linked birth registration and NHS Numbers for Babies data set. Setting: Births to women in England and Wales in 2005 and 2006. Participants: Babies of African and Caribbean ethnicity born in England and Wales in 2005–2006, whose mothers were born in African and Caribbean countries or the UK. Birth outcomes for 51 599 singleton births were analysed. Main outcome measures: Gestational age and birth weight. Results: Mothers born in Eastern or Northern Africa had babies at higher mean gestational ages (39.38 and 39.41 weeks, respectively) and lower odds of preterm birth (OR=0.80 and 0.65, respectively) compared with 39.00 weeks for babies with mothers born in the UK. Babies of African ethnicity whose mothers were born in Middle or Western Africa had mean birth weights of 3327 and 3311 g, respectively. These were significantly higher than the mean birth weight of 3257 g for babies of the UK-born mothers. Their odds of low birth weight (OR=0.75 and 0.72, respectively) were significantly lower. Babies of Caribbean ethnicity whose mothers were born in the Caribbean had higher mean birth weight and lower odds of low birth weight than those whose mothers were born in the UK. Conclusions: The study shows that in babies of African and Caribbean ethnicity, rates of low birth weight and preterm birth varied by mothers' countries of birth. Ethnicity and country of birth are important factors associated with perinatal health, but assessing them singly can mask important heterogeneity in birth outcomes within categories particularly in relation to African ethnicity. These differences should be explored further