Spatial variation of symbiotic dinoflagellates on coral reefs of the northern Persian Gulf

Density, mitotic index, Chlorophyll-a content and cell size of symbiotic dinoflagellates of dominant reef-building corals were measured at two different depths in Kish Island and from one depth of Larak Island in the Persian Gulf. The higher densities of symbionts were found in shallow waters of Kish Island. However, ANOVA analyses of the mitotic index yielded mixed results. The cell sizes of symbionts did not significantly differ among depths, except for Porites corals at one site in Kish Island which displayed the larger cells in deeper water. The comparison of symbiont attributes between islands exhibited intraspecific variability. Density of zooxanthellae was only different in Porites and Favia corals between islands. Chlorophyll-a density (cm-2) was significantly different between islands in all species, with higher values for Kish corals. Chlorophyll a cell-1 was only significantly different in Porites and Platygyra corals, with higher values for Larak Island. The symbiont cell sizes usually exhibited no variability, except for Porites corals with larger sizes in Kish Island

A low-loss photonic silica nanofiber for higher-order modes

Optical nanofibers confine light to subwavelength scales, and are of interest for the design, integration, and interconnection of nanophotonic devices. Here we demonstrate high transmission (> 97%) of the first family of excited modes through a 350 nm radius fiber, by appropriate choice of the fiber and precise control of the taper geometry. We can design the nanofibers so that these modes propagate with most of their energy outside the waist region. We also present an optical setup for selectively launching these modes with less than 1% fundamental mode contamination. Our experimental results are in good agreement with simulations of the propagation. Multimode optical nanofibers expand the photonic toolbox, and may aid in the realization of a fully integrated nanoscale device for communication science, laser science or other sensing applications.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, movies available onlin

Emergence of Bulk CsCl Structure in (CsCl)nCs+ Cluster Ions

The emergence of CsCl bulk structure in (CsCl)nCs+ cluster ions is investigated using a mixed quantum-mechanical/semiempirical theoretical approach. We find that rhombic dodecahedral fragments (with bulk CsCl symmetry) are more stable than rock-salt fragments after the completion of the fifth rhombic dodecahedral atomic shell. From this size (n=184) on, a new set of magic numbers should appear in the experimental mass spectra. We also propose another experimental test for this transition, which explicitely involves the electronic structure of the cluster. Finally, we perform more detailed calculations in the size range n=31--33, where recent experimental investigations have found indications of the presence of rhombic dodecahedral (CsCl)32Cs+ isomers in the cluster beams.Comment: LaTeX file. 6 pages and 4 pictures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Managing trust in business webs using game theory

Business webs are collections of enterprises designed to jointly satisfy a consumer need. We design business webs using value models that show the participating stakeholders and the value objects which they are going to exchange during a specific period. Each partner agrees to act according to the value model, however during the business, stakeholders need to be sure if their partners are acting according to the value model or not. In some cases, the best way to find out the answer of that question is to run an inspection because the value exchanges are not observable without cost. Now, the crucial question here is ”how often a stakeholder needs to run an inspection and how these inspections affect the expected payoffs of the stakeholders?”. Here in this paper, using game theory concepts and techniques, we aim at finding out answers for these questions

Magnetically-controlled velocity selection in a cold atom sample using stimulated Raman transitions

We observe velocity-selective two-photon resonances in a cold atom cloud in the presence of a magnetic field. We use these resonances to demonstrate a simple magnetometer with sub-mG resolution. The technique is particularly useful for zeroing the magnetic field and does not require any additional laser frequencies than are already used for standard magneto-optical traps. We verify the effects using Faraday rotation spectroscopy.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Energy efficient microprocessor platform based on instructional level parallelism

Embodiments of a processing architecture are described. The architecture includes a fetch unit for fetching instructions from a data bus. A scheduler receives data from the fetch unit and creates a schedule allocates the data and schedule to a plurality of computational units. The scheduler also modifies voltage and frequency settings of the processing architecture to optimize power consumption and throughput of the system. The computational units include control units and execute units. The control units receive and decode the instructions and send the decoded instructions to execute units. The execute units then execute the instructions according to relevant software.</p