Áreas alteradas e aspectos econômicos da restauração ecológica sob a ótica do custeio baseado na atividade na floresta estadual do Antimary – FEA.

Despite the concern with the ecological restauration cost, those scientific work that seek to qualify them, are still rare, as well as the development of new restoration technology, mainly in Brazil. Based on this scenario, the current experimental research was intended to produce qualitative information of the altered áreas and econometric information of the ecological restorative implentation methods at Floresta Estadual do Antimary – FEA (Antimary State Forest) in Bujari and Sena Madureira cities, state of Acre, Brazil. The conducted studies were: To identify the types of forest degradation at FEA, to recomend ecological restoration methods at FEA, to perform a forecast cost, per hectare, of the environmental restoration at FEA and identify the main activities that were undertaken on each operation technique highlighting the consumed resources by the activity’s implementation techniques: the mangement of the assisted natural regeneration and nucleation method. The used methods for the forecast costs were Activity-Based Costing – ABC. The used method focused the identification of the altered áreas through field visits and plot establishment of 50 x 50 meters in altered areas at FEA. For the purpose of subsidizing the State Department of the Environment (Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente – SEMA/Acre) as the choice of the suitable ecological restoration method and the allocation of the designed resources to the environmental restoration at FEA. The generated results permitted to infer the following conclusions: The most common degradation types at FEA are grasslands for the cattle, abandoned grasslands and subsistence agriculture plots. The assisted natural regeneration and nucleation method were considered the most suitable for the area. Therefore, each step of the work permited the identification of the activities and the calculation of the costs separately highlighting the activities that most impacted the final composition of the reastauration costs. It was calculated for the natural regeneration method assisted in abandoned grassland areas the value of R$38,538.60, as for the assisted natural regeneration with enrichment planting in abandoned grassland areas R$ 20,592.28 and for the ecological nucleation method in a combination of 4 techniques the value of R$40,405.48. The isoleted activity was the one that most encumbered all the other ecological restoration methods studied at FEA.Apesar da preocupação com os custos de restauração ecológica, ainda são raros os trabalhos científicos que busquem quantificá-los, como também o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias de restauração, principalmente no Brasil. Diante desse cenário a presente pesquisa experimental teve como objetivo gerar informações qualitativas da áreas alteradas e econométricas da implantação de métodos de restauração ecológica na Floresta Estadual do Antimary (FEA) nos municípios de Bujari e Sena Madureira, estado do Acre, Brasil . Os estudos realizados foram: Identificar os tipos de degradação florestal na FEA, Recomendar métodos de restauração ecológica na FEA, realizar uma prognose dos custos por hectare da restauração ambiental na FEA e identificar as principais atividades desenvolvidas nas operações de cada técnica de restauração destacando os recursos consumidos pelas atividades de implantação das técnicas: de condução da regeneração natural assistida e método da nucleação. Os métodos utilizados para as prognoses dos custos foi Custeio Baseado na Atividade - ABC. O método usado enfocou a identificação das áreas alteradas por meio de visitas de campo e a implantação de parcelas de 50 x 50 metros em áreas alteradas na FEA. Com a finalidade de subsidiar a Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente SEMA-AC quanto à escolha dos métodos de restauração ecológicos adequados e alocação dos recursos destinados à restauração ambiental na FEA. Os resultados gerados permitiram inferir as seguintes conclusões: os tipos mais comuns de degradação na FEA são pastos destinados à pecuária em uso, pastos abandonados e áreas de agricultura de subsistência abandonadas. Os métodos de regeneração assistida e nucleação foram considerados os mais adequados para a área. Assim, cada etapa do trabalho permitiu a identificação das atividades e o cálculo dos custos individualmente destacando as atividades que mais impactaram na composição final dos custos de restauração. Calculou-se para o método de condução da regeneração natural assistida em áreas de pasto abandonado o valor de R$ 38.538,60, já para o método de condução da regeneração natural assistida com plantio de enriquecimento em áreas de agricultura abandonada R$20.592,28 e para o método de nucleação ecológica com a combinação de 4 técnicas o valor de R$ 40.405,48. Sendo a atividade de isolamento que mais onerou todos os métodos de restauração ecológica estudados na FEA

CHANGED AREAS AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION UNDER THE OPTICS OF THE ABC SYSTEM IN ANTIMARY STATE FOREST

This paper addresses ecological restoration in a Conservation Unit - CU, in the Amazon. Its objective was to generate information about the altered areas and possible ecological restoration techniques that can be used in the Antimary State Forest (ASF) to contribute to the CU management plan. In specific terms, this study aimed to: (1) identify and quantify the types of environmental change at ASF; (2) recommend ecological restoration methods and (3) quantify and analyze the costs of ecological restoration, considering the Activity Based Costing – ABC method. To this end, technical visits were made to the altered areas and experimental plots were implanted. The results generated indicate that the environmental changes in the ASF account for 5.5% of the UC area and are pastures in use or abandoned and abandoned agricultural areas. The recommended ecological restoration methods were to conduct assisted natural regeneration with or without planting enrichment seedlings and suggested ecological nucleation were of a low technological degree and easy to obtain inputs. The cost for the method of conducting assisted natural regeneration without enrichment was B$38,538.60/ha, of B$ 20,592.28/ha for the method of conducting assisted natural regeneration with enrichment planting and B$40,405.48/ha for the nucleation method with the costs of the techniques ranging from B$ 1,791.8/ha to B$ 8,224.84/ha. The isolation activity of the area was the mostly costly in all the ecological restoration methods studied