32 research outputs found
Reforming Federal Systems: Insights from Australia, Canada, Germany and Switzerland
SĂ©rie de l'Observatoire des fĂ©dĂ©rationsReform represents a distinct mode of change within federal systems that can be distinguished from passive adaptation. Through reform, political actors deliberately seek to alter parts of the federal institutional architecture so as to modify or even reverse an established historical trajectory. This study systematically explores the variety of reform patterns in federal systems by looking at instances of institutional reforms in four federations (Australia, Canada, Germany and Switzerland) since the early 1990s. It demonstrates that reform patterns exhibit interesting similarities and differences. To a great extent, these are largely contingent on the nature of problems that different types of federalism tend to produce. The study detects similarities between Australia and Canada, where federal reforms sought to strengthen mechanisms of collaboration and to address the vertical fiscal imbalance, and between Germany and Switzerland, where dis-entanglement occurred as the leitmotiv of federal reforms. At the same time, the study finds no systematic connection between one of the two identified reform patterns on the one hand, the sustainability of federal reforms on the other hand. While Australia and Switzerland seem to represent examples of rather sustainable reform pathways, in Canada and Germany the gap between reform rhetoric and reform impact remains large.La rĂ©forme reprĂ©sente un mode distinct de changement Ă lâintĂ©rieur des systĂšmes fĂ©dĂ©raux qui peut ĂȘtre distinguĂ©e de lâadaptation passive. Ă travers une rĂ©forme, les acteurs politiques cherchent dĂ©libĂ©rĂ©ment Ă altĂ©rer des parties de lâarchitecture institutionnelle fĂ©dĂ©rale pour modifier ou mĂȘme renverser la trajectoire historique Ă©tablie. Cette Ă©tude explore de façon systĂ©matique la variĂ©tĂ© des modĂšles de rĂ©formes dans les systĂšmes fĂ©dĂ©raux par lâobservation dâexemples de rĂ©formes institutionnelles dans quatre fĂ©dĂ©rations (Australie, Canada, Allemagne et Suisse) depuis le dĂ©but des annĂ©es 90. Elle dĂ©montre que les modĂšles de rĂ©formes ont des similaritĂ©s et des diffĂ©rences intĂ©ressantes qui, dans une large mesure, sont grandement dĂ©pendantes de la nature des problĂšmes que tendent Ă produire les diffĂ©rents types de fĂ©dĂ©ralismes. LâĂ©tude dĂ©note des similaritĂ©s entre lâAustralie et le Canada oĂč les rĂ©formes fĂ©dĂ©rales ont cherchĂ© Ă renforcer les mĂ©canismes de collaboration et Ă rĂ©pondre au dĂ©sĂ©quilibre fiscal vertical, et entre lâAllemagne et la Suisse oĂč le dĂ©s-enchevĂȘtrement a Ă©tĂ© le leitmotiv des rĂ©formes fĂ©dĂ©rales. Dans un mĂȘme temps, lâĂ©tude ne trouve aucun lien systĂ©matique entre ces deux types de rĂ©forme et leur durabilitĂ©. Alors que lâAustralie et la Suisse semblent reprĂ©senter des exemples dâavenues de rĂ©formes plutĂŽt durables, au Canada et en Allemagne lâĂ©cart entre la rhĂ©torique de la rĂ©forme et lâimpact de celle-ci reste important.CĂRIUM ; Observatoire des fĂ©dĂ©rations ; IdĂ©e fĂ©dĂ©ral
Multilevel Trade Policy in the JointâDecision Trap? The Case of CETA
Walloniaâs refusal to ratify CETA in October 2016 suggests that multilevel trade politics may increasingly be subject to the pitfalls of joint decision-making, or even a joint-decision trap. This article, however, presents a more nuanced perspective that builds on a comparative analysis of intergovernmental configurations that underpinned constituent unitsâ participation in CETA in the four formal federations Canada, Belgium, Germany, and Austria. It shows, firstly, that joint decision-making is only one mode of intergovernmental trade policy coordination that needs to be distinguished from others. Second, joint decision-making rarely leads to a joint decision trap as actors seek to bypass the institutional constraints entailed in this mode of intergovernmental coordination. The study has implications beyond the field of trade policy as it contributes to the comparative analysis of intergovernmental relations in Canada and Europe
Der kanadische Föderalismus
Der kanadische Föderalismus : eine historisch-institutionalistische Analyse. - Wiesbaden : VS, Verl. fĂŒr Sozialwiss., 2009. - 389 S. - (Politikwissenschaftliche Paperbacks ; 40). - Zugl.: Augsburg, Univ., Diss., 200
Die ReformfÀhigkeit von Sozialpolitik im Föderalismus
Die ReformfÀhigkeit von Sozialpolitik im Föderalismus : Kanada in vergleichender Perspektive. - In: Sozialer Bundesstaat - ein Spannungsfeld / Ralf Thomas Baus ... (Hrsg.). - Sankt Augustin u.a. : Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, 2006. - S. 179-201. - (Zukunftsforum Politik ; 82