Fluctuaciones cíclicas en Schumpeter

The sustainability of agriculture can be improved by integrating management of ecosystem services, such as insect pollination, into farming practices. However, large‐scale adoption of ecosystem services‐based practices in agriculture is lacking, possibly because growers undervalue the benefits of ecosystem services compared to those of conventional management practices. Here we show that, under representative real‐world conditions, pollination and plant quality made similar contributions to marketable seed yield of hybrid leek (Allium porrum). Relative to the median, a 25% improvement of plant quality and pollination increased crop value by an estimated $18 007 and$17 174 ha−1 respectively. Across five crop lines, bumblebees delivered most pollination services, while other wild pollinator groups made less frequent but nevertheless substantial contributions. Honeybees actively managed for pollination services did not make significant contributions. Our results show that wild pollinators are an undervalued agricultural input and managing for enhancing pollinators makes sense economically in high‐revenue insect‐pollinated cropping systems

Standardized data used in structural equation models

The standardized (Z-scores) values for all variables used in a structural equation model for testing the relative importance of pollination and conventional agricultural management on crop yield. For the methods of collection and pre-calculation, see original manuscript

Appendix D. Details on the variables selected in the optimal models predicting arthropod assemblages.

Details on the variables selected in the optimal models predicting arthropod assemblages

Appendix C. Full arthropod data tables, basic statistics, and comparisons of encountered species numbers with total Dutch species lists.

Full arthropod data tables, basic statistics, and comparisons of encountered species numbers with total Dutch species lists

Appendix A. A description of the plant community types involved.

A description of the plant community types involved

Appendix E. A supplementary discussion on differences in predictability between arthropod assemblages.

A supplementary discussion on differences in predictability between arthropod assemblages