Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Trajectories of the relationships of physical activity with body composition changes in older men: the MrOS study

Flow Chart describing MrOS sample size for Trajectory Analysis. This figure describes, total sample size of men included from each study visit, and specifically, the sample of men with non missing values for the body composition and PASE score. A description of how the Proc Traj methods accommodates missing data into the trajectory building is also provided. Table S1. Declining Patterns of Body Composition Changes From Visit 1 to Visit 3 (2000 to 2009). This table reports the individual patterns of change in body weight, lean mass, and fat mass, according to the most parsimonious model of eight body weight trajectories, five fat mass trajectories groups and six lean mass trajectories, respectively. (DOCX 30 kb

Hazard ratios (95% CI) for mortality per SD increase in the pQCT bone measures and muscle density among 254 women of MILES.

Hazard ratios (95% CI) for mortality per SD increase in the pQCT bone measures and muscle density among 254 women of MILES.</p

Kaplan Meir curves of quartiles of pQCT parameters and log rank test in men.

Kaplan Meir curves of quartiles of pQCT parameters and log rank test in men.</p

Kaplan Meir curves of quartiles of pQCT parameters and log rank test in women.

Kaplan Meir curves of quartiles of pQCT parameters and log rank test in women.</p

Association between BMI and genotyped and imputed SNPs in black Health ABC participants.

<p>SNP genotypes from genome-wide Illumina array. Circles mark directly genotyped SNPs and triangles mark imputed SNPs. Gray points indicate association <i>P</i>-value >0.05. Red points indicate significant (<i>P</i>-value ≤0.05) associations with BMI. Anchor SNPs colored in blue. Purple circles mark SNP association with <i>MC4R</i> expression in HapMap YRI lymphoblastoid cell lines. In the panels showing trait association and eQTL <i>P</i>-values, the dashed line indicates cut-off value for Bonferroni-corrected <i>P</i>-value ≤0.05. LD heatmap indicates higher <i>r</i>² measures with darker red colors. Nucleotide conservation between the human and mouse is indicated on the top panel of the figure and was obtained using the VISTA browser.</p

SNP associations in and near <i>MC4R</i> with adiposity in white Health ABC participants.

<p>SNP genotypes from custom Illumina Golden Gate array. Gray points indicate association <i>P</i>-value >0.05. Non-gray points indicate significant (<i>P</i>-value ≤0.05) associations with an adiposity trait of the corresponding color in the legend. Leptin* indicates association <i>P</i>-value for leptin adjusted for percent body fat. Dashed line indicates cut-off value for empirical <i>P</i>-value ≤0.05. LD heatmap indicates higher <i>r</i>² measures with darker red colors.</p

SNP associations with adiposity-related traits in Health ABC white participants.

<p>Alleles listed as reference allele/coded allele. CAF =  coded allele frequency. VAT =  abdominal visceral adipose tissue. SAT =  abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue.</p>a<p>Additive coding  = rs52820871/I251L, rs2229616/V103I, and rs17782313; dominant coding  = rs11152221; recessive coding  = rs1943225.</p>b<p>Leptin outcome adjusted for percentage of body fat.</p>c<p>Unadjusted <i>P</i>-value. <i>P</i>-values >0.05 shown as NS (not significant).</p><p>*Empirical <i>P</i>-value ≤0.05.</p

ENCODE-based transcriptional insulators near <i>MC4R</i>.

<p>Schematic depicting the genomic region (hg19 assembly) surrounding <i>MC4R</i> that contains rs11152221 (highlighted in red) and ENCODE-annotated insulators. Adapted from the UCSC Genome Browser, <a href="http://genome.ucsc.edu/" target="_blank">http://genome.ucsc.edu/</a><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0096805#pone.0096805-Kent1" target="_blank">[51]</a>.</p

Association between BMI and genotyped and imputed SNPs in white Health ABC participants.

<p>SNP genotypes from genome-wide Illumina array. In the panel displaying BMI association <i>P</i>-values, circles mark directly genotyped SNPs and triangles mark imputed SNPs. Gray points indicate association <i>P</i>-value >0.05. Red points indicate significant (<i>P</i>-value ≤0.05) associations with BMI. Anchor SNPs colored in blue. Purple circles mark SNP association with <i>MC4R</i> expression in HapMap CEU lymphoblastoid cell lines. In the panels showing trait association and eQTL <i>P</i>-values, the dashed line indicates cut-off value for Bonferroni-corrected <i>P</i>-value ≤0.05. LD heatmap indicates higher <i>r</i>² measures with darker red colors. Nucleotide conservation between the human and mouse is indicated on the top panel of the figure and was obtained using the VISTA browser.</p

Health ABC participant characteristics by race.

<p>VAT =  abdominal visceral adipose tissue. SAT =  abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue.</p><p>*<i>p</i><0.05 between races by t-test for continuous traits and by Chi-squared test for categorical traits.</p