Plant Diversity in Protected Area of IUPHHK-HT PT. Wana Hijau Pesaguan in Province West Kalimantan

Protected area in plantation forest should be managed properly in order to sustainable development. One of the initial steps of the protected area management is by knowing the level of plant diversity which composing the community of its vegetation. The aim of this research is to measure plant diversity in protected area of IUPHHK-HT PT. Wana Hijau Pesaguan in Province West Kalimantan. Vegetation analysis is done at riverbanks, slope area more than 40% and conservation area of biodiversity. The result is that there are found 295 species of plants consisting 222 trees, 32 under storey plants, 38 lianas and 3 epiphytes. Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) values of trees with anystage of growth are about 3.02–4.41, which classified as high level of diversity. Under storey plants and lianas have H’ values about 1.00-3.22 which classified as mid level diversity. The diversity level of epiphytes are low to mid, with H’ values 0-1.04. Similarity Index value between all locations are low (less than 75%) except for epiphytes, which only in conservation area of biodiversity had different epiphytes composition comparing to the other sites. Key words: plant diversity, plantation forest, protected area, West KalimantanKawasan lindung di areal hutan tanaman perlu dikelola dengan baik guna pembangunan berkelanjutan. Salah satu langkah awal dalam pengelolaan kawasan lindung di areal hutan tanaman yaitu dengan mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman tumbuhan yang menyusun komunitas tegakan di kawasan lindung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur tingkat keanekaragaman tumbuhan di kawasan lindung areal IUPHHK-HT PT. Wana Hijau Pesaguan yang terletak di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di sempadan sungai, kelerengan lebih dari 40% dan kawasan pelestarian plasma nutfah (KPPN). Hasil penelitian yang didapat yaitu ditemukannya sebanyak 295 jenis tumbuhan yang terdiri atas 222 jenis pohon, 32 jenis tumbuhan bawah, 38 jenis liana dan 3 jenis epifit. Nilai H’ (indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener) jenis pohon dengan permudaannya berkisar antara 3.02–4.41, tergolong tingkat keanekaragaman jenis tinggi. Jenis liana dan tumbuhan bawah memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman sedang dengan kisaran nilai H’ antara 1.00-3.22. Tingkat keanekaragaman jenis epifit tergolong rendah sampai sedang dengan nilai H’ antara 0-1.04. Nilai IS (Similarity Index) antar lokasi seluruhnya rendah (di bawah 75%) kecuali pada tumbuhan epifit, hanya KPPN yang memiliki komposisi tumbuhan epifit berbeda dari pada lokasi lainnya. Kata kunci: hutan tanaman, Kalimantan Barat, kawasan lindung, keanekaragaman tumbuha

Perkembangan Pertumbuhan Tegakan Setelah Penebangan di Areal IUPHHK-HA PT. Diamond Raya Timber

Peat swamp forest management which is less precise will cause diversity on peat swamp forest decreased, in particular endemic species that can only be grown on peat swamp forest. So the research about the condition of peat swamp forest after logging needs to be done. This research aims to analyze species diversity and the development of stand growth after logging as well as analyze stability of species diversity in logged forest IUPHHK-HA PT Diamond Raya Timber. The data collected by combination of path method and grid line method. This research located in biodiversity strip (Protected Area) and logged over area (LOA) 2013, logged over area (LOA) 2015 and logged over area (LOA) 2016. The results showed that condition of the forest in the studied area was already quite stable with index of evenness ranged at 0.56-0.94. There is decreasin stand potential compared with biodiversity strip areal. Stand potential in biodiversity was 254,06 m3/ha, LOA 2013 was 99,72 m3/ha, LOA 2015 was 53,57 m3/ha and LOA 2016 was 58,41 m3/ha.  Keywords: peat swamp forest, stability, stand potential, LOA, diversit

Asosiasi Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz) dengan Jenis Dominan di IUPHHK-HA PT Diamond Raya Timber, Riau

Ramin is one of slow growing spesies, have a medium until big measurement, have a silindris stem, high total reach 40-50 m with DBH reach 120 cm. The purpose of this research is to know association between ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz) and dominan species in IUPHHK-HA PT Diamond Raya Timber, Riau. Vegetation analysis used combination method between strip and line compartment method. Result showed that no one of dominan species have association with Gonystylus bancanus in tree and pole level at IUPHHK-HA PT DRT. Although there is no species in pole level that have association with Gonystylus bancanus, but there is tendency that Gonystylus bancanus have positive association with Palaquium obovatum, Urandra scorpioides, Carallia brachiata, and have negative association with Artocarpus teysmanii and Eugenia sp. At tree level Gonystylus bancanus have a tendency that have positive association with Shorea uliginosa, Palaquium obovatum, Eugenia sp., Horsfieldia glabra, and have negative association with Aglaia rubiginosa and Mangifera foetida. Keywords: Association, combination, dominan species, Gonystylus bancanus, growing spesie

Effect of Media Combination Treatment on Seedling of Tumih (Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser) Growth

Tumih which has a Latin name Combretocarpus rotundatus  (Miq.) Danser)  is one of the species that lives in peat swamp forests. C. rotundatus often found in secondary forests or  forests with open canopies. Nowadays deforestation often occurs in Indonesia, it is feared this species will be decrease and lead to scarcity in natural forest. C. rotundatus also has characteristic that suit for plan in effort to initiate rehabilitation of agitated peatlands. Efforts to propagate this  species was applied by the stump method. The research conducted aims to determine the life and growth of tumih by giving the media combination  regulators. The results showed that the percentage  of life that is obtained for K1 at 86,67%, 80,00% of  K2, K3 of  35,56%, K4 at 62,22%, K5 at 71,11%, and 86,67% for K6. Other factors that may affect it is initial height of plants and environmental conditions in research

Asosiasi Bakau (Rhizophora apiculata Blume.) dengan Jenis-Jenis Mangrove Lainnya di Pantai Bama Taman Nasional Baluran Jawa Timur

Mangroves’s forest at Bama Beach has 95.8 ha. The purpose of this research is to studied the association of Rhizophora apiculata that lives dominant at Bama Beach Baluran National Park East Java. The methods used in data collection is an analytical method of vegetation with terraced path method. This method conducting five paths, each path consisted of 10 plots with 10 m x 100 m which divided into two sub-plots with 5 x 5 m and 10 x 10 m, with total 50 plot (0.5 ha). Data collection consist of diameter and height. The results show that Rhizophora apiculata associated with Rhizophora stylosa at path 1 and 3, however the association type was negative and the association index number categorized as very low. On the other hand, there are some species that not associated with each other but they have a positive association, which founded at path 4 and 5. Path 4 consist of Rhizophora apiculata with Ceriops tagal and path 5 consist of Rhizophora stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Syzygium polyanthum. Keyword: association, Baluran National Park, mangrove zonation, Rhizophoraceae

The Composition of Forest Type and Structure at Bung Hatta Forest Park Conservation Area, West Sumatera

Menurut Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 1990, Taman Hutan Raya adalah kawasan pelestarian alam untuk tujuan koleksi tumbuhan dan atau satwa yang alami atau buatan. Komposisi dan struktur tegakan dapat digunakan untuk memperkirakan kepadatan pohon pada berbagai kelas diameter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan struktur vegetasi yang terdapat pada blok kawasan pemanfaatan, perlindungan, dan koleksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Februari 2021 di Taman Hutan Raya Dr. Moh. Hatta Padang, Sumatera Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis yang dominan di blok kawasan perlindungan terdapat pada tingkat pohon adalah Glochidion obscurum. Pada blok kawasan pemanfaatan jenis dominan adalah Pinus merkusii, kemudian pada blok kawasan koleksi didominasi jenis Swietenia macrophylla. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis (H') pada ketiga blok kawasan tersebut tergolong sedang dengan nilai H' antara 1-2. Sementara, nilai indeks kekayaan jenis tergolong rendah dengan nilai R1 < 3,5. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa pola sebaran spesies bersifat mengelompok. Stratifikasi tajuk di Taman Hutan Raya Dr. Moh. Hatta berada pada stratum B dan C. Kata Kunci:  indeks keanekaragaman (H'), tipe dominan, komposisi, indeks kekayaan (R1), struktur vegetasiAccording to Law of Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 1990, the Forest Park is a nature conservation area which collects natural and unnatural plants and animals. The composition and structure of stands can be used to estimate the density of trees in various diameter classes. This study aims to determine the composition and structure of the vegetation contained in the block protection, utilization, and collection. The research was conducted from January to February 2021 at Bung Hatta Forest Park Conservation Area Padang, West Sumatera. The research result show that dominant type found in the protection block for the tree’s level was Glochidion obscurum. In the utilization block, the dominant type called Pinus merkusii, then in the collection block dominated by Swietenia macrophylla. The diversity index value (H') on the three blocks is classified as the moderate with H' value between 1-2. Meanwhile, the wealth index is classified as the low with a value of R1 <3.5. The result also found that the pattern of species distribution is clumped. The stratification of Bung Hatta Forest Park Conservation Area’s crown is in the B and C stratum. Keywords: diversity index (H'), dominant type, composition, richness index (R1), vegetation structur

Kajian Perolehan Karbon Sebagai Dampak Intervensi Kasus: Eks-plg Blok a, Mentangai, Kalimantan Tengah(carbon Result Study as Intervention Impact, Case: Eks-plg Block a, Mentangai, Central Borneo)

CCFPI is project activity on “Climate Change, Forests and Peatlands in Indonesia” funded by the “Canadian International Development Agency” (CIDA) through Climate Change and Development Fund, Canada. This project is designed to increase sustainable management of forests and peatlands in Indonesia in order to increase the capacity in carbon sequestration and also better of community incomes. One of project location in Kalimantan is area Ex-PLG Blok A, Mentangai, Central Kalimantan. This article present study on total value carbon gained as impact from various interventions in location of CCFPI project activity in area Ex-PLG Blok A, Mentangai. Method of estimation on carbon stock is conducted by Sample Plot of Measurement (PCP). Calculation of carbon stock with equation of alometrik which is present in Field Guidance to Estimate Carbon Stock on Peatland (Murdiyarso et.al., 2004). Activity of cannal blocking by CCFPI project has result to the positive impacts to the reduction rate of carbon both for above and below ground carbon as well as carbon content by tree plantation established by the community inside the areas of around 43,451 ha. Based on result of calculation, the amount of above ground carbon stock obtained 14,448 ton C. Carbon stock found in the trees plantation in surrounding the cannal 0.777 ton C. Below ground carbon stock is ranged between 550,782 ton C up to 2,223,424 ton C

Mangrove Diversity in Production Forest Management Unit (FMU) Bulungan Unit VIII North Kalimantan

Mangrove ecosystem have various important roles as habitat for marine and terrestrial species. However, the ecosystem has recently faced anthropogenic threats delivered by the expansion of aquaculture pond. Study of mangrove diversity was conducted in Production FMU Bulungan Unit VIII, North Kalimantan. The study was aimed to analyze species diversity in the FMU Bulungan Unit VIII and determine community perception on existing mangrove condition. Vegetation analysis was applied to quantify mangrove community in two sampling locations, Salimbatu and Liagu, within 26 quadratic plots (10mx10m). As many as 63 respondents were interviewed to analyze communities\u27 perception. As the result, 10 species were identified species and one unidentified species recorded during the survey. Rhizophoraceae was dominated the species composition in sampling area. Rhizophora mucronata had the highest Importance Value Index in tree and seedling stage while Rhizophora apiculata was dominant in sapling stage. On the other hand, Bruguiera parviflora was recorded on each growth stages in all sampling plots. Species diversity index (H\u27) of mangrove vegetation in the FMU was found at 1,68 with species richness index value 1,58. This diversity index considered as moderate diverse since only few vegetation species are able to live in the mangal. The perpendicular structure of mangrove in the FMU formed an inverse J-shape which showed normal growth of uneven-age forest stand. The interview result implied that more than 50% of the respondent considered that mangrove condition in their village area has been disturbed. Therefore mangrove management with local community involvement is neccessarily required to improve the mangrove performance

Pengaruh Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh NAA dan IBA Terhadap Pertumbuhan Semai Cabutan Tumih [Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser]

The Influence of Plant Growth Regulators NAA and IBA on the Growth of Stump Seedling of Tumih [Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser]Tumih which has a Botany name Combretocarpus rotundatus is one of the species that lives in peat swamp forests. C. rotundatus often found in secondary forests or forests with open canopies. Nowadays deforestation often occurs in Indonesia, it is feared this species will be decrease and lead to scarcity of it in natural forest. C. rotundatus also have characteristic that suit for plan in effort to initiate rehabilitation of agitated peatlands. Efforts to propagate this species was applied by the stump method. The research conducted aims to determine the life and growth of tumih by giving the Plant Growth Regulators. The results showed that the percentage of life that is obtained for NAA at 66.67%, 68.89% of IBA, NAA and IBA combination of 71.11% and 64.44% for controls. Other factors that may affect it is initial height of plants and environmental conditions in research

Komposisi Jenis dan Struktur Tegakan Berbagai Formasi Hutan di Resort Bama Taman Nasional Baluran, Jawa Timur

Baluran National Park is a oldes national park and unique in terms of existing ecosystems. One area that is considered to be of broad condition is Bama Resort. Baluran National Park has various forest formations including mangrove formations, coastal forests, savana forests, seasonal forests, rainforests, and plain forests. This study aims to examine the composition and structure of each forest formation in Baluran National Park in East Java. The number of plant species found in mangrove forest formations were 6 species, 40 species of coastal forest, 37 species of savana forest, 44 species of rain forest, 28 species of lowland forest, and 50 species of seasonal forest formations. The highest density values were in savana forest formation at the seedlings and understorey level of 132445 ind / ha while the density at the tree level was found in the mangrove forest formation of 346 ind / ha. The diversity index of seedlings and understorey species is medium (2 <H '<3) while for other growth rates it is classified as medium and low (0 <H' <3). The value of community similarity between overall forest formations is categorized as low (values below 50%.). Overall header stratification in each formation is in strata c. Key words: Forest Formation, Species Composition, Structure, Baluran National Par