6,391 research outputs found
Dark matter in natural supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model
We explore the dark matter sector in extensions of the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model (MSSM) that can provide a good fit to the PAMELA cosmic ray
positron excess, while at the same time addressing the little hierarchy problem
of the MSSM. Adding a singlet Higgs superfield, S, can account for the observed
positron excess, as recently discussed in the literature, but we point out that
it requires a fine-tuned choice for the parameters of the model. We find that
including an additional singlet allows both a reduction of the weak-scale
fine-tuning, and an interpretation of the cosmic ray observations in terms of
dark matter annihilations in the galactic halo. Our setup contains a light
axion, but does not require light CP-even scalars in the spectrum.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures, references adde
Relative abundances of elements (20 or = Z or = 28) at energies up to 70 GeV/amu using relativistic rise in ion chambers
The results of a new balloon borne cosmic ray detector flown from Palestine, TX in Sept., 1982 are discussed. The exposure of 62 square meter-ster-hr is sufficient to prove the concept of using gas ionization chambers as energy measuring devices in the relativistic rise region. The abundances, relative Fe-26, of the pure secondaries Cr-22 and Ti-24, the pure primary Ni26, and the mixed primary and secondary Ca-20 between 6 and 70GeV/amu were measured
Wormholes in String Theory
A wormhole is constructed by cutting and joining two spacetimes satisfying
the low energy string equations with a dilaton field. In spacetimes described
by the "string metric" the dilaton energy-momentum tensor need not satisfy the
weak or dominant energy conditions. In the cases considered here the dilaton
field violates these energy conditions and is the source of the exotic matter
required to maintain the wormhole. There is also a surface stress-energy, that
must be produced by additional matter, where the spacetimes are joined. It is
shown that wormholes can be constructed for which this additional matter
satisfies the weak and dominant energy conditions, so that it could be a form
of "normal" matter. Charged dilaton wormholes with a coupling between the
dilaton and the electromagnetic field that is more general than in string
theory are also briefly discussed.Comment: 9 pages, LaTex, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics of Fermion Lattice Systems
We study equilibrium statistical mechanics of Fermion lattice systems which
require a different treatment compared with spin lattice systems due to the
non-commutativity of local algebras for disjoint regions.
Our major result is the equivalence of the KMS condition and the variational
principle with a minimal assumption for the dynamics and without any explicit
assumption on the potential. It holds also for spin lattice systems as well,
yielding a vast improvement over known results.
All formulations are in terms of a C*-dynamical systems for the Fermion (CAR)
algebra with all or a part of the following assumptions:
(I) The interaction is even with respect to the Fermion number.
(Automatically satisfied when (IV) below is assumed.)
(II) All strictly local elements of the algebra have the first time
derivative.
(III) The time derivatives in (II) determine the dynamics.
(IV) The interaction is lattice translation invariant.
A major technical tool is the conditional expectation from the total algebra
onto the local subalgebra for any finite subset of the lattice, which induces a
system of commuting squares. This technique overcomes the lack of tensor
product structures for Fermion systems and even simplifies many known arguments
for spin lattice systems.Comment: 103 pages, no figure. The Section 13 has become simpler and a problem
in 14.1 is settled thanks to a referee. The format has been revised according
to the suggestion of this and the other referee
Bevalac calibration of the SOFIE range and hodoscope detectors
The scintillating optical fiber isotope experiment (SOFIE) is a Cerenkov-dE/dx-Range experiment which was developed initially for balloon flight to study the isotopic composition of cosmic rays in the iron region. The electronic range and hodoscope detectors use scintillating optical fibers to image the tracks of stopping charged particles and to determine their trajectory. The particle range is determined and used together with a Cerenkov measurement to determine the mass of the stopping particle. Preliminary results of a Bevalac calibration performed in August, 1984 with a prototype of the balloon flight instrument, to study the measurement precision in range and trajectory which could be attained with this detector are described
Detecting z > 10 objects through carbon, nitrogen and oxygen emission lines
By redshift of 10, star formation in the first objects should have produced
considerable amounts of Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen. The submillimeter lines of
C, N and O redshift into the millimeter and centimeter bands (0.5 mm -- 1.2
cm), where they may be detectable. High spectral resolution observations could
potentially detect inhomogeneities in C, N and O emission, and see the first
objects forming at high redshift. We calculate expected intensity fluctuations
and discuss frequency and angular resolution required to detect them. For CII
emission, we estimate the intensity using two independent methods: the line
emission coefficient argument and the luminosity density argument. We find they
are in good agreement. At 1+z \sim 10, the typical protogalaxy has a velocity
dispersion of 30 km s^{-1} and angular size of 1 arcsecond. If CII is the
dominant coolant, then we estimate a characteristic line strength of \sim 0.1 K
km s^{-1}. We also discuss other atomic lines and estimate their signal.
Observations with angular resolution of 10^{-3} can detect moderately nonlinear
fluctuations of amplitude 2 \cdot 10^{-5} times the microwave background. If
the intensity fluctuations are detected, they will probe matter density
inhomogeneity, chemical evolution and ionization history at high redshifts.Comment: 15 pages, 1 postscript figures included; Uses aaspp4.sty (AASTeX
v4.0); Submitted to The Astrophysical Journa
Quasi-Spherical Light Cones of the Kerr Geometry
Quasi-spherical light cones are lightlike hypersurfaces of the Kerr geometry
that are asymptotic to Minkowski light cones at infinity. We develop the
equations of these surfaces and examine their properties. In particular, we
show that they are free of caustics for all positive values of the Kerr radial
coordinate r. Useful applications include the propagation of high-frequency
waves, the definition of Kruskal-like coordinates for a spinning black hole and
the characteristic initial-value problem.Comment: LaTeX, 14 pages, 2 figure
Matching of spatially homogeneous non-stationary space--times to vacuum in cylindrical symmetry
We study the matching of LRS spatially homogeneous collapsing dust
space-times with non-stationary vacuum exteriors in cylindrical symmetry. Given
an interior with diagonal metric we prove existence and uniqueness results for
the exterior. The matched solutions contain trapped surfaces, singularities and
Cauchy horizons. The solutions cannot be asymptotically flat and we present
evidence that they are singular on the Cauchy horizons.Comment: LaTeX, 15 pages, 1 figure, submitted for publicatio
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