REDf: A Renewable Energy Demand Forecasting Model for Smart Grids using Long Short Term Memory Network

The integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid is becoming increasingly important as the world moves towards a more sustainable energy future. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources can make it challenging to manage the power grid and ensure a stable supply of electricity. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based approach for predicting energy demand in a smart power grid, which can improve the integration of renewable energy sources by providing accurate predictions of energy demand. We use long short-term memory networks, which are well-suited for time series data, to capture complex patterns and dependencies in energy demand data. The proposed approach is evaluated using four datasets of historical energy demand data from different energy distribution companies including American Electric Power, Commonwealth Edison, Dayton Power and Light, and Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland Interconnection. The proposed model is also compared with two other state of the art forecasting algorithms namely, Facebook Prophet and Support Vector Regressor. The experimental results show that the proposed REDf model can accurately predict energy demand with a mean absolute error of 1.4%. This approach has the potential to improve the efficiency and stability of the power grid by allowing for better management of the integration of renewable energy sources

Compressive Behaviour of Concrete by Using Bagasse Ash From Sugar Mill

The materials which are useless and unwanted is called waste product and this waste product is a burden and harmful to the environment. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is one kind of waste which can be termed as the residue left over from burning sugar cane bagasse. The utilization of this waste may be very economical and can also solve the environmental problem. Silica and alumina are the main element of SCBA which is used as a pozzolanic material. This recycling procedure of SCBA reduces environmental pollution and this is also considered the cost-effective material. In this paper, SCBA replaces the cement as a weight of 5%, 10% and 15% which is considered. After completing the compressive strength test, the result shows that the compressive strength increases when 5% cement is replaced by sugarcane bagasse ash and this is the correct replacement of cement

Optimizing photovoltaic arrays : A tested dataset of newly manufactured PV modules for data-driven analysis and algorithm development

This data article presents a comprehensive dataset comprising experimentally tested characteristics of newly manufactured photovoltaic (PV) modules, which have been collected by using a commercial PV testing system from a solar panel manufacturer company. The PV testing system includes an artificial sunlight simulator to generate input light for the PV and the outputs of the PV are tested by a professional IV tracer in a darkroom environment maintaining IEC60904–9 standard. The dataset encompasses modules with power ratings of 10 W, 85 W, and 247 W, each represented by 40 individual module records. The tested and collected characteristics of each module include open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power point voltage, maximum power point current, maximum power point power, and fill factor. The motivation for this dataset lies in addressing the challenges posed by manufacturing defects and a ± 5 % manufacturing tolerance, which can lead to mismatch power losses in newly installed PV arrays. These losses result in lower current in series strings and lower voltage in parallel branches, ultimately decreasing the array's output power. The dataset serves as a valuable resource for academic research, particularly in the domain of PV array optimization. To facilitate optimization efforts, different algorithms have been explored in the literature. This dataset supports the exploration of these optimization algorithms to find solutions that enhance the position of each module within the array, consequently increasing the overall output power and efficiency of the PV system. The objective is to mitigate mismatch power losses, which, if unaddressed, can contribute to increased degradation rates and early aging of PV modules. This dataset lays the groundwork for addressing critical PV array performance and efficiency issues. In future research, this dataset can be reused to explore and implement optimization algorithms, to improve the overall output power and lifespan of newly installed PV arrays. The smart solution proposed in [1], utilizing a genetic algorithm-based module arrangement, demonstrates promising results for maximizing PV array output power using this dataset

Feasibility analysis of floating photovoltaic power plant in Bangladesh: A case study in Hatirjheel Lake, Dhaka

The installation of large-scale photovoltaic (LSPV) power plants is a solution to mitigate the national energy demand in Bangladesh. However, the land crisis is one of the key challenges for the rapid growth of ground-mounted LSPV plants in Bangladesh. The per unit cost of energy from ground-mounted PV systems is rising as a response to numerous difficulties, particularly for large-scale electricity generation. To overcome the issues with land-based PV, the floating photovoltaic (FPV) could be a viable solution. To the aspirations of the Sustainable and Renewable Energy Development Authority (SREDA), this article has investigated the feasibility of constructing a floating solar plant at Hatirjheel Lake in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The lake is an excellent spot to build an FPV plant due to its geographic location and climatic conditions inside the capital city. In this paper, the design of the plant and tariff are carried out using the PVsyst simulator. It is found that the optimum cost of energy for the plant is $ 0.0959/KWh, which is lesser than the currently operational ground-mounted PV plants in Bangladesh. Additionally, the projected 6.7 MW plant can meet 12.5 % of the local energy demand. Furthermore, the FPV plant is capable to cut off 6685 tons of CO2 annually. A reduction in power costs and environmental protection would assist the government of Bangladesh in achieving the sustainable development goals and electricity generation target of 6000 MW from solar photovoltaics by 2041 as well

The effects of non-uniformly-aged photovoltaic array on mismatch power loss : A practical investigation towards novel hybrid array configurations

One of the most important causes of a reduction in power generation in PV panels is the non-uniform aging of photovoltaic (PV) modules. The increase in the current–voltage (I–V) mismatch among the array modules is the primary cause of this kind of degradation. There have been several array configurations investigated over the years to reduce mismatch power loss (MPL) caused by shadowing, but there have not been any experimental studies that have specifically examined the impact of various hybrid array topologies taking PV module aging into consideration. This research examines the influence of the non-uniform aging scenario on the performance of solar PV modules with various interconnection strategies. Experiments have been carried out on a 4 × 10, 400 W array with 12 possible configurations, including three proposed configurations (LD-TCT, SP-LD, and LD-SP), to detect the electrical characteristics of a PV system. Finally, the performances of different module configurations are analyzed where the newly proposed configurations (SP-LD and LD-SP) show 15.80% and 15.94% higher recoverable energy (RE), respectively, than the most-adopted configuration (SP). Moreover, among the twelve configurations, the SP configuration shows the highest percentage of MPL, which is about 17.96%, whereas LD-SP shows the lowest MPL at about 4.88%

The Effects of Non-Uniformly-Aged Photovoltaic Array on Mismatch Power Loss: A Practical Investigation towards Novel Hybrid Array Configurations

One of the most important causes of a reduction in power generation in PV panels is the non-uniform aging of photovoltaic (PV) modules. The increase in the current–voltage (I–V) mismatch among the array modules is the primary cause of this kind of degradation. There have been several array configurations investigated over the years to reduce mismatch power loss (MPL) caused by shadowing, but there have not been any experimental studies that have specifically examined the impact of various hybrid array topologies taking PV module aging into consideration. This research examines the influence of the non-uniform aging scenario on the performance of solar PV modules with various interconnection strategies. Experiments have been carried out on a 4 × 10, 400 W array with 12 possible configurations, including three proposed configurations (LD-TCT, SP-LD, and LD-SP), to detect the electrical characteristics of a PV system. Finally, the performances of different module configurations are analyzed where the newly proposed configurations (SP-LD and LD-SP) show 15.80% and 15.94% higher recoverable energy (RE), respectively, than the most-adopted configuration (SP). Moreover, among the twelve configurations, the SP configuration shows the highest percentage of MPL, which is about 17.96%, whereas LD-SP shows the lowest MPL at about 4.88%

Sustainable strategies for crystalline solar cell recycling: A review on recycling techniques, companies, and environmental impact analysis

Solar PV is gaining increasing importance in the worldwide energy industry. Consequently, the global expansion of crystalline photovoltaic power plants has resulted in a rise in PV waste generation. However, disposing of PV waste is challenging and can pose harmful chemical effects on the environment. Therefore, developing technologies for recycling crystalline silicon solar modules is imperative to improve process efficiency, economics, recovery, and recycling rates. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of PV waste management, specifically focusing on crystalline solar cell recycling. The classification of PV recycling companies based on various components, including solar panels, PV glass, aluminum frames, silicon solar cells, junction boxes, plastic, back sheets, and cables, is explored. Additionally, the survey includes an in-depth literature review concentrating on chemical treatment for crystalline solar cell recycling. Furthermore, this study provides constructive suggestions for PV power plants on how to promote solar cell recycling at the end of their life cycles, thereby reducing their environmental impact. Moreover, the techno-economic and environmental dimensions of solar cell recycling techniques are investigated in detail. Overall, this review offers valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with crystalline solar cell recycling, emphasizing the importance of economically feasible and environmentally sustainable PV waste management solutions in the constantly evolving solar energy market

Techno-economic and carbon emission assessment of a large-scale floating solar pv system for sustainable energy generation in support of malaysia’s renewable energy roadmap

Energy generation from renewable sources is a global trend due to the carbon emissions generated by fossil fuels, which cause serious harm to the ecosystem. As per the long-term goals of the ASEAN countries, the Malaysian government established a target of 31% renewable energy generation by 2025 to facilitate ongoing carbon emission reductions. To reach the goal, a large-scale solar auction is one of the most impactful initiatives among the four potential strategies taken by the government. To assist the Malaysian government’s large-scale solar policy as detailed in the national renewable energy roadmap, this article investigated the techno-economic and feasibility aspects of a 10 MW floating solar PV system at UMP Lake. The PVsyst 7.3 software was used to develop and compute energy production and loss estimation. The plant is anticipated to produce 17,960 MWh of energy annually at a levelized cost of energy of USD 0.052/kWh. The facility requires USD 8.94 million in capital costs that would be recovered within a payback period of 9.5 years from the date of operation. The plant is expected to reduce carbon emissions by 11,135.2 tons annually. The proposed facility would ensure optimal usage of UMP Lake and contribute to the Malaysian government’s efforts toward sustainable growth

The effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers on release profiles of diclofenac sodium from matrix tablets

Objective: The current study aimed to develop a matrix type sustained release Diclofenac tablet, using hydrophilic hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and hydrophobic polymer cetyl alcohol (CA). Materials and Methods: Two different polymers, that is, Methocel K15MCR® and CA were used in various proportions as release controlling factor. Matrix tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique. The physicochemical properties of the granules and tablets were evaluated. In vitro dissolution studies of prepared matrix tablet and patent product Voltaren SR® tablet (VSR) were performed at pH 7.4 phosphate buffer at 100 rpm, and at 37 ± 0.5°C, and subjected to in vitro bioequivalence study in terms of similarity and difference factors. Stability studies were conducted for 6 months using optimized formulation for extended period of time, both at room temperature and accelerated conditions. The dissolution data were fit to Zero-order, First-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas′ equations. Results: The formulated tablets showed acceptable weight variation, hardness, drug content uniformity with sustained release matrix characteristics. Hydrophilic Methocel K15 MCR® matrices-based tablets showed zero-order and hydrophobic CA matrices-based tablets followed first-order kinetics except for formulation six (F6 showed zero-order profile). It was found that formulations containing CA showed better dissolution properties with respect to formulations containing Methocel K15 MCR® in terms of similarity and difference factor. Furthermore, the formulations F4, F5, and F6 exhibited similar drug release profile as compared with VSR tablet, which indicated that these formulations could be bioequivalent with VSR tablet in vitro. Tablets were stable both at room temperature and as well as at accelerated conditions. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that Diclofenac could be successfully prepared using an appropriate amount of Methocel K15 MCR® and CA in the form of matrix tablets with similar dissolution profile of patent product Voltaren SR® . The type of polymers used was found to induce a profound effect on release rate and mechanism