The Historical Changes in Japanese Language Teaching for Brazilian-Japanese in Brazil : Results from Questionnaires to Brazilian-Japanese Who Experienced Learning Japanese <Articles>

This study focuses on the changes in educational concept for the descendent generations of immigrants. Until now, changes to educational concepts in Japanese language teaching to Brazilian-Japanese have only been observed through the perspective of the educators. The purpose of this study is to clarify these changes through the perspectives of two sides: That of the educators, and that of the learners, who accepted these changes. Japanese-language teaching in Brazil has been changed by Japanese immigrants in past 100 years. At First, it was changed from education for young Japanese immigrants to heritage language teaching for Brazilian-Japanese after World War II. Secondly, the teaching concept was changed from Japanese teaching as a heritage language to Japanese teaching as a foreign language. Research results show that Brazilian-Japanese who experienced learning Japanese prior to the changes were hoping for the same changes mentioned in the two stages above. This study clarified that Brazilian-Japanese in Brazil also had the awareness of the issues on the educator's side before the changes of educational concepts. At the present time, many Brazilian-Japanese live with their families in Japan. They also have the same problems about learning language as their former generations

心筋へと分化する能力を持つヒト間葉系幹細胞の細胞表面マーカーN-cadherin

筑波大学 (University of Tsukuba)201

加速度と接触力センサーを用いた手指運動の可視化と評価 : POC試験

The 10-s grip and release is a method to evaluate hand dexterity. Current evaluations only visually determine the presence or absence of a disability, but experienced physicians may also make other diagnoses. In this study, we investigated a method for evaluating hand movement function by acquiring and analyzing fingertip data during a 10-s grip and release using a wearable sensor that can measure triaxial acceleration and strain. The subjects were two healthy females. The analysis was performed on the x-, y-, and z-axis data, and absolute acceleration and contact force of all fingertips. We calculated the variability of the data, the number of grip and release, the frequency response, and each finger's correlation. Experiments with some grip-and-release patterns have resulted in different characteristics for each. It was suggested that this could be expressed in radar charts to intuitively know the state of grip and release. Contact-force data of each finger were found to be useful for understanding the characteristics of grip and release and improving the accuracy of calculating the number of times to grip and release. Frequency analysis suggests that knowing the periodicity of grip and release can detect unnatural grip and release and tremor states. The correlations between the fingers allow us to consider the finger's grip-and-release characteristics, considering the hand's anatomy. By taking these factors into account, it is thought that the 10-s grip-and-release test could give us a new value by objectively assessing the motor functions of the hands other than the number of times of grip and release.博士（医学）・甲第795号・令和3年6月25日© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

WALK ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS USING MY VISION: TOWARD A NAVIGATION SYSTEM PROVIDING VISUAL ASSISTANCE

This paper proposes a method of analyzing a human walk environment using MY VISION. MY VISION is an ego-camera and a computer system which analyzes a video obtained from the ego-camera to acquire certain visual information useful for human daily activities. The system is expected to be a virtual eye of a visually impaired person or the third eye of a pedestrian absorbed in a mobile phone. The proposed method keeps in a database the background images of key points along a sidewalk and judges if a MY VISION user is walking along the sidewalk or if he/she has come to a crosswalk by referring to the backgrounds. If the former, the method finds a safe road region on the sidewalk, whereas, if the latter, it searches for the crosswalk for finding an appropriate walk direction and a traffic light to know the proper timing to cross it. Experimental results show effectiveness of the proposed method

Memory-related gene expression profile of the male rat hippocampus induced by teeth extraction and occlusal support recovery

Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the effect of memory-related genes on male rats tested for spatial memory with either molar teeth extraction or its restoration by occlusal support using experimental dentures. Design: Memory-related genes were detected from hippocampi of male Wistar rats (exposed to teeth extraction with or without dentures, or no extraction (control)) (7-week old) after behavioural testing (via the radial maze task) using a DNA microarray. The time course of the expression of these genes was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (on 49-week-old rats). Results: In preliminary experiments, to determine which memory genes are affected by spatial memory training, DNA microarray analysis revealed that thyrotropin-releasing hormone (Trh) and tenascin XA (Tnxa) were up-regulated and neuronatin (Nnat) and S100a9 were down-regulated after the maze training. The expression of Tnxa, Nnat and S100a9 of 49-week-old rats (during the time course) via quantitative real-time PCR was consistent with the results of microarrays of the preliminary experiment. Expression of Trh that was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR did not agree with the results for this gene from the microarray for all groups. Therefore, expression of Trh may have increased in only young, trained rats. The expression of S100a9 prior to the maze task was down-regulated in only the extraction group. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that Trh, Tnxa and Nnat genes were affected according to the degree of memory in male rats. This study also indicated that S100a9 is a memory-related gene, which is affected by the presence of occlusal support

Inteligencia emocional en trabajadores administrativos de una municipalidad de Barranca, Región Lima Provincias, 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad describir el nivel de inteligencia emocional en trabajadores administrativos de una municipalidad de Barranca. La muestra quedó conformada por 71 colaboradores, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 69 años. El instrumento que se utilizó fue el TMMS-24, una versión adaptada al español por Fernández-Berrocal (2004). El tipo de investigación fue básica, con diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y de nivel descriptivo. Los resultados mostraron que el 12.6% de los trabajadores presentan niveles bajos de inteligencia emocional, seguido de un 76.1% que se ubican en un nivel medio y con un 11.3% en un nivel alto. En cuanto a la dimensión: atención emocional, el 53.5% se ubican en un nivel medio, el 39.4% en un nivel bajo, y el 7.1% en un nivel alto; en la dimensión claridad: el 52.1% se encuentran en un nivel medio, el 33.8% en un nivel bajo, y el 14.1% presentan niveles altos, y en la dimensión reparación: el 57.7% se ubica en un nivel medio, el 25.4% en un nivel alto, y el 16.9% en un nivel bajo. Concluyendo que, más del 88% de los colaboradores evaluados presentan deficiencias en las habilidades para la gestión de emociones

Reconstruction of the 2014 eruption sequence of Ontake Volcano from recorded images and interviews

A phreatic eruption at Mount Ontake (3067 m) on September 27, 2014, led to 64 casualties, including missing people. In this paper, we clarify the eruption sequence of the 2014 eruption from recorded images (photographs and videos obtained by climbers) and interviews with mountain guides and workers in mountain huts. The onset of eruption was sudden, without any clear precursory surface phenomena (such as ground rumbling or strong smell of sulfide). Our data indicate that the eruption sequence can be divided into three phases. Phase 1: The eruption started with dry pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) caused by ash column collapse. The PDCs flowed down 2.5 km SW and 2 km NW from the craters. In addition, PDCs moved horizontally by approximately 1.5 km toward N and E beyond summit ridges. The temperature of PDCs at the summit area partially exceeded 100 °C, and an analysis of interview results suggested that the temperature of PDCs was mostly in the range of 30–100 °C. At the summit area, there were violent falling ballistic rocks. Phase 2: When the outflow of PDCs stopped, the altitude of the eruption column increased; tephra with muddy rain started to fall; and ambient air temperature decreased. Falling ballistic rocks were almost absent during this phase. Phase 3: Finally, muddy hot water flowed out from the craters. These models reconstructed from observations are consistent with the phreatic eruption models and typical eruption sequences recorded at similar volcanoes.ArticleEarth, Planets and Space. 68:79 (2016)journal articl

Paraaortic lymph node recurrence in lung SCC

Solitary abdominal paraaortic lymph node recurrence after radical lung cancer surgery is very rare. Here, we report a case of a solitary abdominal paraaortic lymph node recurrence of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A 63-year-old man was diagnosed with lung SCC (cT1cN0M0 stage IA3), underwent a video-assisted right lower lobectomy (ND2a-1), and the pathological findings showed SCC (pT1cN0M0 stage IA3). The EGFR mutation and ALK translocation statuses of SCC were negative, and adjuvant therapy was not performed. Follow-up positron emission tomography − computed tomography (PET/CT) showed a solitary fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)- concentrated region in the swollen paraaortic lymph node. A paraaortic lymph node biopsy was performed by open laparotomy, to determine the precise diagnosis and identify the genetic status. Pathological findings revealed that the paraaortic lymph node contained poorly differentiated SCC, which was thought to metastasize from the lung cancer. The genetic status of the lymph node recurrence revealed a lack of EGFR mutations, ALK translocations, and ROS1 mutations, while the tumor proportion score (TPS) of PD-L1 was 55%, and we therefore administered pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Biopsies are very important for achieving precise diagnoses and determining the genetic statuses of tumors, since molecular-targeting drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors are available