174 research outputs found
PALF: Pre-Annotation and Camera-LiDAR Late Fusion for the Easy Annotation of Point Clouds
3D object detection has become indispensable in the field of autonomous
driving. To date, gratifying breakthroughs have been recorded in 3D object
detection research, attributed to deep learning. However, deep learning
algorithms are data-driven and require large amounts of annotated point cloud
data for training and evaluation. Unlike 2D image labels, annotating point
cloud data is difficult due to the limitations of sparsity, irregularity, and
low resolution, which requires more manual work, and the annotation efficiency
is much lower than 2D image.Therefore, we propose an annotation algorithm for
point cloud data, which is pre-annotation and camera-LiDAR late fusion
algorithm to easily and accurately annotate. The contributions of this study
are as follows. We propose (1) a pre-annotation algorithm that employs 3D
object detection and auto fitting for the easy annotation of point clouds, (2)
a camera-LiDAR late fusion algorithm using 2D and 3D results for easily error
checking, which helps annotators easily identify missing objects, and (3) a
point cloud annotation evaluation pipeline to evaluate our experiments. The
experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the annotating
speed by 6.5 times and the annotation quality in terms of the 3D Intersection
over Union and precision by 8.2 points and 5.6 points, respectively;
additionally, the miss rate is reduced by 31.9 points
Tuning of Carrier Concentration and Superconductivity in High-Entropy-Alloy-Type Metal Telluride (AgSnPbBi)(1-x)/4InxTe
High-entropy-alloy-type (HEA-type) compound superconductors have been drawing
much attention as a new class of exotic superconductors with local structural
inhomogeneity. NaCl-type (Ag,In,Sn,Pb,Bi)Te is a typical HEA-type
superconductor, but the carrier doping mechanism had been unclear. In this
study, we synthesized (Ag,In,Sn,Pb,Bi)Te with various In concentration using
high-pressure synthesis: the studied system is (AgSnPbBi)(1-x)/4InxTe (x =
0-0.4). Single-phase samples were obtained for x = 0-0.3. A semiconductor-like
temperature dependence of resistivity was observed for x = 0, while
superconductivity appeared for the In-doped samples. The highest transition
temperature (Tc) was 3.0 K for x = 0.3. The Seebeck coefficient decreases with
increase of x, which suggests that In3+ generates electron carriers in
(AgSnPbBi)(1-x)/4InxTe. Tuning of carrier concentration and superconducting
properties of (Ag,In,Sn,Pb,Bi)Te would be useful for further investigation of
exotic superconductivity in the HEA-type compound.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
Fabrication of submicron LaSrCuO intrinsic Josephson junction stacks
Intrinsic Josephson junction (IJJ) stacks of cuprate superconductors have
potential to be implemented as intrinsic phase qubits working at relatively
high temperatures. We report success in fabricating submicron
LaSrCuO (LSCO) IJJ stacks carved out of single crystals. We
also show a new fabrication method in which argon ion etching is performed
after focused ion beam etching. As a result, we obtained an LSCO IJJ stack in
which resistive multi-branches appeared. It may be possible to control the
number of stacked IJJs with an accuracy of a single IJJ by developing this
method.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Masking and Mixing Adversarial Training
While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved excellent
performances in various computer vision tasks, they often misclassify with
malicious samples, a.k.a. adversarial examples. Adversarial training is a
popular and straightforward technique to defend against the threat of
adversarial examples. Unfortunately, CNNs must sacrifice the accuracy of
standard samples to improve robustness against adversarial examples when
adversarial training is used. In this work, we propose Masking and Mixing
Adversarial Training (M2AT) to mitigate the trade-off between accuracy and
robustness. We focus on creating diverse adversarial examples during training.
Specifically, our approach consists of two processes: 1) masking a perturbation
with a binary mask and 2) mixing two partially perturbed images. Experimental
results on CIFAR-10 dataset demonstrate that our method achieves better
robustness against several adversarial attacks than previous methods
Input and output budgets of radiocesium concerning the forest floor in the mountain forest of Fukushima released from the TEPCO's Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident
AbstractEstimations of radiocesium input and output concerning the forest floor within a mountain forest region have been conducted in the north and central part of the Abukuma Mountains of Fukushima, northeast Japan, after a 2–3 year period following the TEPCO Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident. The radiocesium input and output associated with surface washoff, throughfall, stemflow, and litterfall processes at experimental plots installed on the forest floor of evergreen Japanese cedars and deciduous Konara oaks have been monitored. Despite the high output potential in the mountainous forest of Fukushima, the results at both monitoring locations show the radiocesium input to be 4–50 times higher than the output during the summer monsoon in Fukushima. These results indicate that the radiocesium tends to be preserved in the forest ecosystem due to extremely low output ratios (0.05%–0.19%). Thus, the associated fluxes throughout the circulation process are key issues for the projecting the environmental fate of the radiocesium levels, along with the subsequent reconstruction of life emphasized within the setting
Single Balloon Enteroscopy-Assisted ERCP Using Rendezvous Technique for Sharp Angulation of Roux-en-Y Limb in a Patient with Bile Duct Stones
The acute angulation of Roux-en-Y (R-Y) limb precludes endoscopic access for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) even using a balloon enteroscopy. Here, we describe a case of successful single balloon enteroscopy (SBE)-assisted ERCP using a rendezvous technique in a patient with sharply angulated R-Y limb in a 79-year-old woman who had bile duct stones. Method. At first, a guidewire was passed antegradely through the major papilla after the needle puncture using percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage technique. A hydrophilic guidewire with an ERCP catheter was antegradely advanced beyond the Roux limb. After a guidewire was firmly grasped by a snare forceps, it was pulled out of the body, resulting that the enteroscope could advance to the papilla. After papillary dilation, complete removal of bile duct stones was achieved without any procedure-related complication. In conclusion, although further study is needed, SBE-assisted ERCP using a rendezvous technique may have a potential for selected patients
The Maximum Standardized Uptake Value Is More Reliable Than Size Measurement in Early Follow-up to Evaluate Potential Pulmonary Malignancies Following Radiofrequency Ablation
We retrospectively evaluated the accumulation of fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG) in pulmonary malignancies without local recurrence during 2-year follow-up on positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Thirty tumors in 25 patients were studied (10 non-small cell lung cancers;20 pulmonary metastatic tumors). PET/CT was performed before RFA, 3 months after RFA, and 6 months after RFA. We assessed the FDG accumulation with the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) compared with the diameters of the lesions. The SUVmax had a decreasing tendency in the first 6 months and, at 6 months post-ablation, FDG accumulation was less affected by inflammatory changes than at 3 months post-RFA. The diameter of the ablated lesion exceeded that of the initial tumor at 3 months post-RFA and shrank to pre-ablation dimensions by 6 months post-RFA. SUVmax was more reliable than the size measurements by CT in the first 6 months after RFA, and PET/CT at 6 months post-RFA may be more appropriate for the assessment of FDG accumulation than that at 3 months post-RFA
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