Pengaruh Status Imunisasi Difteri Pertusis dan Tetanus terhadap Respon Kekebalan Difteri dan Tetanus pada Murid Kelas I Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Cimandala

A preliminary study has been carried out to investigate the effect of DPT immunization status on immune response against diphtheria and tetanus in the program of School Immunization Month (locally referred to as Bulan Imunisasi Anak Sekolah, BIAS) for children aged 5-6 years old after the immunization with DT 1 dosage. The research involved 92 primary school children of grade 1 in sub-district Cimandala, Bogor district. Objective of the research was to support the BIAS program that was started in 1998. The specific objective was to examine the level of immunity and the average antibody titre against diphtheria and tetanus after the immunization with DT 1 dosage as well as to explore the relationship between titre antibody with DPT 3 immunization status (complete) and DPT < 3 (incomplete). The research findings showed that one year after immunization with DT 1 dosage the percentage of immunity against diphtheria and tetanus in children with DPT 3 status was recorded at 96.5% and 100% with the geometric mean titre (GMT) of 0.3022 IU/ml and 1.5536 IU/ml respectively. The percentage of immunity against diphtheria and tetanus for children with the dosage of DPT < 3 was 100% with the GMT of 0.2862 IU/ml and 1.4306 IU/ml respectively. It may be concluded that there was no significant difference (p<0.05) between children with basic immunization status of DPT 3 and DPT < 3. Considering the fact that coverage qf DPT 3 since 1990 has been more than 80%, and taking into consideration findings of the research, it is suggested that screening of basic immunization status or primary school children of grade 1 can be ignored. Further research is required to explore the immunity originated after immunization with TT 1 dosage for grade 2 and 3 school children, that is after obtaining a complete 5 dosage of TT immunization. There is a need to study anti titre against diphtheria in the long term

Hasil Guna Imunisasi Dasar Difteri dengan Vaksin Dpt 2 Dosis

A retrospective study on a basic diptheria immunization was done in Tulangan district of East Jawa, involving three hundred ninety two children with various immune status, that say 0,1 and 2 doses of DPT vaccine manufactured by Perum. Bio Farma, Bandung. The study was aimed to measure serological effectiviness 2 of doses of DPT vaccine for inducing immunity against diphtheria in real life situation. Diphtheria antitoxin titre was examined by Passive Haemagglutination Assay on 0,1 ml of capillary blood specimens. The result showed that 2 doses of DPT vaccine given at 1-3 months interval on children of 3—14 months old, were able to induce an adequate immune response on more than 80% of the children. Immune response with 0 and 1 doses of DPT vaccine has also been discussed. The potensial implication of this study result, supported by other study on a various of age, on the administration strategy of booster dose of Td ("adult type") vaccine among school children has also been suggested

Resistensi Kuman Bordetella Pertussis terhadap Antibiotika

The antibiotic resistancy of Bordetella pertussis to erythromicin, chloramphenicol and tetracyclin has been examined using Disc diffusion method described by Kirby bauer (1966) on Charcoal agar contains 10% sheep blood. The examination was done on positive culture which had been collected from 233 nasopharyngeal swab specimens. The results showed that no resistant to erythromicin (0%). Mean while there was significant resistancy to chloramphenicol (5,6%) and tetracyclin (25%). Antibiotic treatment should be given rationally to gain efficiency in antibiotic USAge, to avoid antibiotic resistancy and to minimize cost of treatment

Evaluasi Serologis dari Imunisasi Pertussis dengan Vaksin Dpt 2 dan 3 Dosis

The objective of this study is to evaluate the serological response against pertussis after completion of both 2 and 3 doses of DPT vaccination. The study has been carried out retrospectively among 766 children under 3 years of age in Tulang-an District, Sidoarjo, East Java. The antibody titres against pertussis were measured by micro agglutination test. The results showed that the percentage of children having antibody titre of 1 : 80 or more, at 1—5 months post vaccination were 80.9% and 88.3% for 2 and 3 doses, respectively. The results do not differ significantly. This insignificance was maintained up to 17 months of the post-vaccination period

Pengaruh Umur terhadap Hasil Guna Imunisasi Dasar Batuk- Rejan dengan Vaksin Dpt

A restrospective study of the influence of age on the efficacy of primary immunization against pertussis was done in Tulangan district, Sidoarjo, Surabaya. Five hundreds and seventy children under ten months of age with various vaccination status and 157 children under three years of age as a control group were taken as samples. Adjuvanted "whole-cell pertussis-vaccine", made by Bio Farma, was used in the study. One tenth of finger blood or toe blood were taken by heparinized capillary pipet for the examination of agglutinin titres against pertussis. Serological examination by micro-agglutination test, showed there was no significant differences in the antibody production following administration of 1, 2 and 3 shots of DPT vaccine among chil­dren of 0-2 months, 3-6 months and 7-10 months. The results suggested that the administration of primary DPT vaccine to babies as early as 4 weeks old is effective and can be recommended

Evaluasi Serologi dan Cakupan Imunisasi Dpt di 3 Kabupaten di Nusa Tenggara Barat

A survey to evaluate the effectiveness of DPT immunization was carried out consisting of serological assay and coverage in 3 regencies in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The sample consists of 630 children, 1-2 years of age in the regencies of Central and East Lombok, in Lombok Island, and Bima in Sumbawa Island. Cluster sampling (WHO) was applied as sampling method. Thirty clusters were selected from each regency, and from each cluster 7 children were selected. Mothers were interviewed, and 0.1 ml of blood was taken from each child. Antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus were measured by Passive Haemagglutination (PHA) test, and antibodies against pertussis were measured by micro agglutination test. The average of coverage immunization of DPT 3 in 3 regencies in NTB province (88.57%) did not show significant differences if compared with the coverage reported from 1989 and 1990. Immunization with DPT 1, 2, and 3 in regencies of Central and East Lombok showed higher coverage compared to Bima. The utilization of KMS cards in 3 regencies is 52.38%. The average percentages of protected children against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus 1-2 years post complete DPT vaccination were 65.10%, 30.08%, and 98.10% respectively. The average means of antibodies titers against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus were 0.036 IU/ml, 35.328% U/ml and 1.665 IU/ml respectively. The immune response against pertussis in Bima was very low, which is probably be due to constraints in cold chain handling during vaccine transportation, and low utilization of KMS cards, resulting in inaccurate information on immunization status