Dry Eye Syndrome: An Increasing Problem With Aging

Dry eye syndrome is a multifactorial and prevalent ocular disease in elderly population that results in decrease quality of life. Dry eye syndrome is defined as a disease of tear film layer due to reduced tear production and/or tear film instability. Age-related alterations including eyelid laxity, meibomian gland disease and orifice metaplasia, decrease in tear volume result in dry eye. All ages may be suffered from Dry eye syndrome can be seen secondary to another eye diseases or systemic disease. This review will summarize the current knowledge about dry eye and therapeutic interventions being used to treat Dry eye syndrome.WoSScopu

Association of Apolipoprotein E-219T > G Promoter Polymorphism with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Turkish Population

AIM: To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) -219 T >G promoter polymorphism and primary open angle glaucoma(POAG). METHODS: Patients and healthy subjects were genotyped with polymerase chain reaction -restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genotype/ allele frequencies were compared between 122 healthy subjects and in 75 POAG patients using Chi-square test. RESULTS: Although the frequency of APOE-219 GG genotype was higher in POAG group (13.3%) than in control group (6.6%), this finding was not statistically significant (P=0.09). In glaucoma patients carrying GG genotype, mean linear CID ratio was higher and progression was more compared to glaucoma patients with GT genotype. CONCLUSION: APOE-219 T >G polymorphism does not seem to be a risk factor for the presence of glaucoma, but might play a role in deterioration of the disease, which needs further evaluation.Wo

Decreased Keratocyte Density And Central Corneal Thickness In Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients Undergoing Treatment With Topical Prostaglandin Analogues

Purpose: To evaluate whether prostaglandin (PG) analogue use is associated with alterations in keratocyte density and central corneal thickness (CCT) in subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Materials and Methods: Thirty-five POAG patients treated with PG analogues for >2 years and 35 control subjects without glaucoma were included in this cross-sectional study. All subjects were underwent CCT measurements using ultrasound pachymetry. Keratocyte densities of each stromal layer were determined by in vivo confocal microscopy. Student's t-test and Chi-square test were used for statistical evaluations. Correlations between keratocyte densities and CCT were analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: Keratocyte densities in each stromal layer were significantly lower in glaucoma patients receiving PG analogues as compared to those of controls (P < 0.001). The mean CCT was also lower in glaucoma patients (515.2 ± 18.8 μ) than control subjects (549.6 ± 21.1 μ, P < 0.001). A positive correlation between keratocyte densities in each stromal layer and CCT was observed in POAG patients. Conclusions: Long-term administration of topical PG analogues may adversely influence keratocyte densities and CCT. Further prospective studies are required clarify the relationship between PG analogues and their effects on the cornea.PubMedWoSScopu

THE ASSOCIATION OF ARCUS SENILIS WITH EXFOLIATION SYNDROME AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN ELDERLY POPULATION

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between commonly observed ocular conditions in older aged population, arcus senilis and exfoliation syndrome and to evaluate their association with systemic vascular disease

Cross-Linking Treatment and Corneal Transplant in Refractory Acremonium Keratitis: Case Report

WOS: 000392952700018PubMed ID: 27452505Objectives: To report a case of Acremonium keratitis treated with voriconazole, corneal collagen cross-linking, and corneal transplant. Materials and Methods: Case report. Results: A 42-year-old woman who wore contact lenses daily was referred for refractory keratitis. Her main complaints were gritty sensation and pain. At slit lamp biomicroscopy, an infiltrate on the inferior paracentral cornea and an arcuate conjunctival ulceration were evident. The rest of the cornea was clear with no anterior chamber reaction. Scrapings from the corneal ulcer showed Candida parapsilosis and Acremonium species, which were sensitive to voriconazole. Despite the administration of topical, systemic, and intrastromal voriconazole for 1 month, repeat corneal scraping was positive for Acremonium, and clinical appearance and pain did not resolve. Therefore, corneal collagen cross-linking was applied. Although the pain resolved immediately after the procedure, the lesion showed no improvement. After a month of cross-linking, corneal transplant was performed for visual rehabilitation and treatment of the refractory lesion. The excised corneal button was negative for any microorganisms. Conclusions: Although corneal collagen cross-linking may be an effective treatment for Acremonium keratitis refractory to medical therapy, corneal transplant was required for visual gain and recovery

Prognostic value of metal-metal contact during nasolacrimal duct probing

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of metal metal contact during nasolacrimal duct (NLD) probing in patients with simple membranous versus complex congenital NLD obstructions (CNLDO)

The COVID-19 Pandemic: Clinical Information for Ophthalmologists

Egrilmez, Sait/0000-0002-6971-527X; Bozkurt, Banu/0000-0002-9847-3521WOS:000530626600002PubMed: 32366061[No Abstract Available

COVID-19 Pandemic and Ophthalmologists Response

Egrilmez, Sait/0000-0002-6971-527X; Bozkurt, Banu/0000-0002-9847-3521; Sengor, Tomris/0000-0002-9436-5582WOS:000544811700014PubMed: 32631036[No Abstract Available

Clinical And Impression Cytology Findings Of Amniotic Membrane And Oral Mucosal Membrane Transplantation For The Management Of Socket Contracture

AIM: To investigate and compare the cytopathological and clinical effects of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) and oral mucosal membrane transplantation (OMMT) in socket contraction. METHODS: Twelve patients who could not be fitted with ocular prosthesis due to socket contracture were included in this study. Seven patients underwent AMT and 5 patients underwent OMMT. Thirteen patients who had healthy sockets were included as control group. Depth of inferior fornix, degree of inflammation, extent of the socket contracture and socket volume were measured in the preoperative period and at sixth and twelfth weeks postoperatively. Impression cytology of conjunctival fornices and tear transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta 1) levels were determined. RESULTS: In the AMT group, socket volume and lower fornix depth values were significantly higher (P=0.030 and P=0.004 respectively) and inflammation levels and impression cytology stages (P=0.037 and P=0.022 respectively) were significantly lower in postoperative period compared to preoperative period. In the OMMT group, no statistical differences were found in terms of clinical parameters, inflammation levels and impression cytology stages of preoperative versus postoperative values. Preoperative tear. TGF beta 1 levels were higher in AMT and OMMT groups compared to the control group (25.5 ng/mL, 26.3 ng/mL and 21.7 ng/mL respectively). Decreased tear TGF beta 1 levels were observed in both the AMT and OMMT groups postoperatively (median decrease value=2.1 ng/mL and 2.7 ng/mL respectively). CONCLUSION: AMT is associated with postoperative improvement in inferior fornix depth, socket volume, inflammation and impression cytology levels and may be a more proper alternative method than OMMT in the management of socket contracture.Wo