The teaching of literature in Argentina. Foundational interventions and democratic mediations

En el año 1989 se editó en Argentina La trama de los textos. Problemas de enseñanza de la literatura de Gustavo Bombini. El libro abordaba una serie de “obstáculos epistemológicos” (cf. Gerbaudo 2006, 2011; cf. Camilloni, 1997; Bachelard, 1948) presentes en la enseñanza escolar de la literatura, retomando distintas teorías que venían renovando los Estudios Literarios en el país.Al mismo tiempo, prefiguraba las líneas investigativas que habrían de consolidarse en el campo de la Didáctica de la Literatura a nivel local durante los años venideros. En las recapitulaciones de esta Historia, surge este escrito, pretendiendo dar cuenta del lugar fundante e ineludible que ocupa el citado libro en los avances sobre la enseñanza de la literatura en Argentina.Bombini Gustavos’s “The plot of texts. Problems of teaching literature” was published in Argentina in 1989. The book dealt with a series of “epistemological obstacles” (cf. Gerbaudo 2006, 2011, cf. Camilloni, 1997; Bachelard, 1948) present in school teaching of literature, starting from the development of “mediation” (Gerbaudo, 2011a , 2011b), based on a number of theories that were to renew the field of literary studies. At the same time, the text prefigured investigative avenues that should be consolidated in the area of the Teaching of Literature at a national level over the years to follow. This article attempts to account for the foundational and essential place occupied by the said book in later developments of the field.Fil: Ingaramo, Ángeles María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias. Centro de Investigaciones Teorico-literarias; Argentin

Diabetes, an inflammatory process: Oxidative Stress and TNF-alpha involved in hepatic complication

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious and growing worldwide health problem and is associated with se- vere acute and chronic complications that negatively influence both quality of life and survival of affected individuals. It is a heterogeneous deregulation of car- bohydrate metabolism. The liver is a central regulator of carbohydrate homeostasis and releases glucose according to metabolic demands. In the last years, the liver injury has been recognized as a major complica- tion of DM. In fact, evidence suggests that in diabetic patients, the mortality rate due to liver cirrhosis is even higher than that due to cardiovascular disease and it has been suggested that there is a two-fold in- creased risk of liver disease in diabetic patients. Among the different types of diabetes, we analyze type 1 dia- betes mellitus as a chronic disorder and an inflam- matory process, which is also associated with in- creased risk of chronic liver injury. Animal models have contributed extensively to the study of diabetes, and it is well established that administration of a unique dose of streptozotocin (STZ) induces insulin- dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus. We analyzed the contribution of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) intracellular pathway and oxidative stress in the de- velopment of apoptosis in the liver of streptozotocin- induced diabetic animals. In this review, we describe the role of upstream mediators of the interaction be- tween TNF-α and its receptor, TNF-R1, by assessing the ability of the in vivo treatment with etanercept (TNF-α blocking antibody) to protect against TNF-α- induced apoptosis. Also, we studied the role of iNOS- induction in the TNF-α-induced liver apoptosis by type 1 diabetes, by treatment of diabetic rats with aminoguanidine (selective iNOS inhibitor), which blocked the induction of apoptosis. Interestingly, iNOS inhibition significantly reduced TNF-α levels, evidencing an interaction between TNF-α and iNOS activity. On the other hand, we found that the ad- ministration of antioxidants/hydroxyl radical scaven- gers (Tempol and Desferal) prevented oxidative stress by reducing the effects of hydroxyl radical production and both lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and apop- tosis. Taken together, our studies support that, at least in part, the hydroxyl radical acts as a reactive inter- mediate, which leads to liver apoptosis in a model of STZ-mediated hyperglycemia. Conclusion and Future: The relevance of the present review is to provide fur- ther knowledge about the mechanisms which may contribute to the disease process in the liver during the course of an inflammatory process as it is type 1 diabetes. Regulation of hepatic TNF-α levels and oxi- dative stress in the diabetic state could be of thera- peutic relevance for the improvement or delay of the hepatic complications linked to chronic hyperglycemia.Fil: Frances, Daniel Eleazar Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (i); ArgentinaFil: Ingaramo, Paola Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (i); ArgentinaFil: Ronco, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (i); ArgentinaFil: Carnovale, Cristina Ester. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (i); Argentin

Functional role of PGAM5 multimeric assemblies and their polymerization into filaments.

PGAM5 is a mitochondrial protein phosphatase whose genetic ablation in mice results in mitochondria-related disorders, including neurodegeneration. Functions of PGAM5 include regulation of mitophagy, cell death, metabolism and aging. However, mechanisms regulating PGAM5 activation and signaling are poorly understood. Using electron cryo-microscopy, we show that PGAM5 forms dodecamers in solution. We also present a crystal structure of PGAM5 that reveals the determinants of dodecamer formation. Furthermore, we observe PGAM5 dodecamer assembly into filaments both in vitro and in cells. We find that PGAM5 oligomerization into a dodecamer is not only essential for catalytic activation, but this form also plays a structural role on mitochondrial membranes, which is independent of phosphatase activity. Together, these findings suggest that modulation of the oligomerization of PGAM5 may be a regulatory switch of potential therapeutic interest

Herpetofauna de la Reserva Natural Provincial Isla Apipé Grande (Corrientes, Argentina)

La información sobre biodiversidad es imprescindible para conocer y valorar el patrimonio natural de una región, especialmente para tomar decisiones correctas orientadas a la conservación de su biota (Aceñolaza et al., 2004). Los anfibios y reptiles están experimentando una disminución de especies y poblaciones a nivel mundial, y entre las amenazas implicadas en este declive se han mencionado la destrucción y fragmentación de los hábitats, la sobreexplotación de las especies, la introducción de especies exóticas, la contaminación ambiental y las enfermedades infecciosas (Alford y Richards, 1999; Gibbons et al., 2000; Suazo-Ortuño et al., 2008). Este serio problema ha renovado, en parte, el interés por los estudios de riqueza y abundancia de las especies de anfibios y reptiles.Fil: Zaracho, Victor Hugo. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratorio de Herpetologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ingaramo, María del Rosario. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratorio de Herpetologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Semhan, Romina Valeria. Fundación Miguel Lillo. Dirección de Zoología. Instituto de Herpetología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Etchepare, Eduardo Gabriel. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratorio de Herpetologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, José Luis. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratorio de Herpetologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Falcione, Ana Camila. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratorio de Herpetologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Álvarez, Blanca Beatriz. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.exactas Naturales y Agrimensura. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratorio de Herpetologia; Argentin

FROM DISMISSAL TO DEVELOPMENT: THE CHALLENGE OF ARCHITECTURE

The re-use of dismissed buildings has been discussed on an international level and model interventions such as the successful re-design of the Tate Modern (which is housed in a former power station) or the ionic High Line have revealed the approach to re-using abandoned buildings to the wider public. Starting from the state of the art, this paper will highlight the efficacy of the urban regeneration approach and its implications on a socio-economic level. What kind of projects can architects carry out, but more importantly, is it possible to identify different classifications based on the tangible results of the transformations? This paper will discuss the results of case studies based on research conducted over the past few years in two post-industrial cities in the U.S. These case studies identify specific design strategies as tools for selecting and classifying project output. When it comes to the abandonment and decay of industrialized cities, Detroit is the poster city and it represents an exceptional site of experimentation and reflection, both for its present meaning but also for imagining future scenarios of transformation and for identifying intermediate paths between conservation and demolition. Is adaptive re-use the only approach or are there different declinations of re-use which are influencing international research in architecture? The urban renewal project can be a tool worth using in the cases of different buildings or building complexes, even recent ones with uncertain or even non-existent restraint systems, so as to identify new uses which can reintroduce the buildings into today’s urban metabolism, while preparing them for possible future transformations, considering how rapidly their intended use changes in this day and age