La francophonie en Chypre du XIIe à la fin du XIXe siècle. Évolution historique et sociologique

On peut parler de présence et de pratique francophones en Chypre depuis 1192, date à laquelle Guy de Lusignan achète aux Templiers le territoire qui deviendra un Royaume Latin. A travers les différentes dominations vénitienne, ottomane, britannique, le français a continué à être parlé en Chypre, où il s’est maintenu pour des raisons diplomatiques et commerciales ; à Larnaca, échelle du Levant, une petite colonie française reste active et obtient un consulat français dès le XVIIe siècle. Les caractéristiques cosmopolites et polyglottes des Chypriotes font que « le français de Chypre » a au cours des siècles été influencé par le grec, l’arabe des Syriens puis l’italien. Mais, au XIXe siècle, la francophonie revient en force en Chypre, tant par l’enseignement laïque chypriote que par celui de l’Œuvre de la Propagation de la Foi, renforcée dans la période récente par le processus aboutissant à l’entrée de Chypre dans l’Union européenne.The Island « Cyprus » has been francophone since 1192, when Guy de Lusignan bought the island from the Templars and made it as a Latin Kingdom. French language has been spoken in Chypre through the different dominations of Venice, the Ottomans, and the Britain’s, because of diplomatic and commercial reasons. Larnaca, « échelle du Levant », had a small French busy community and got a consulate already in the XVIIth century. Because of cosmopolit and polyglottic characters of the Cypriots, the spoken language could be called « The French of Cyprus », influenced that it was by the Greeks language, by the Arabic of the Syrians, and later by the Italian language. In the XIXth century French has been taught at the state’s school as well as at the catholic school and has been prosperous; the interest for the French language has been increasing with the process to enter the European Union, until nowadays

AquaSparkTM : rapid environmental monitoring of Listeria monocytogenes

In order to prevent microbial contamination of food, monitoring of the production environment, together with the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens have proven to be of utmost importance for Food Safety. Environmental monitoring should detect harmful pathogens at the earliest point in time in order for the necessary interventions to be taken. However, current detection methods fall short with regards to speed, ease of use, and cost. This article aims to present the idea behind NEMIS Technologies, a startup company making use of the novel AquaSparkTM technology for the development of a new generation of bacterial detection methods. These methods utilize chemiluminescence in order to detect live target bacteria in a short period of time compared to that of conventional methods. We show that dry-stressed Listeria monocytogenes can be detected within 24 hours, using small-molecule chemiluminescent probes, together with a bacteria-specific proprietary enrichment broth containing a cocktail of bacteriophages, which enhance the specificity and sensitivity. This novel platform technology has the potential to extend beyond environmental monitoring towards food analyses as well as veterinary and human health

Influence of ozone treatment during storage on odour-active compounds, total titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid in oranges and bananas

Ozone has the potential to improve the shelf life of fruits and vegetables by its antimicrobial properties, but the influence on the aroma properties has not been studied comprehensively at the molecular level. Therefore, the impact of ozone on odour-active compounds, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, weight loss, and fungal growth during storage is investigated in oranges and bananas. The fruits were stored at room temperature for 11 days either with or without ozone treatment. Interestingly, no significant impact of the ozone treatment on the contents of the selected odour-active compounds in bananas and oranges was observable. Furthermore, no impact on titratable acidity, weight loss, and ascorbic acid content were observable as a consequence of the ozone treatment at the respective ozone concentrations. In addition, the inhibitive effects of the growth and sporulation of moulds were demonstrated in this study. Finally, the data from this research show that ozonation has the potential of improving the shelf life of fruits without compromising their quality

Seamen on Land? A Preliminary Analysis of Medieval Ship Graffiti on Cyprus

This article reports on the results of a research project entitled ‘KARAVOI. The Ship Graffiti on the Medieval Monuments of Cyprus: Mapping, Documentation and Digitisation’, during which 233 ship graffiti were recorded in 44 different monuments on the island, dating from the 15th to the 20th centuries. Innovative recording techniques have been used to mitigate the effects of the subjective or partial recording of graffiti lines on tracing paper. Apart from the study of ship graffiti as iconographic sources, particular emphasis has been given to their geographical and social context through a comprehensive analysis of the graffiti types and their spatial distribution in the monuments as well as the monuments location on the island

Archivio del Consolato veneto a Cipro (fin sec. XVII -inizio XIX) Inventario e Regesti con uno studio introduttivo a cura di Giustiniana Migliardi O'Riordan. Strumenti per la Ricerca Archivistica, sezione II -inventari, indici, regesti, 1993

Imhaus Brunehilde. Archivio del Consolato veneto a Cipro (fin sec. XVII -inizio XIX) Inventario e Regesti con uno studio introduttivo a cura di Giustiniana Migliardi O'Riordan. Strumenti per la Ricerca Archivistica, sezione II -inventari, indici, regesti, 1993. In: Cahiers du Centre d'Etudes Chypriotes. Volume 22, 1994. pp. 37-38

Pascalis M. Kitromilides: A Discourse on the Island of Cyprus

Cet ouvrage livre aux chercheurs la transcription, (en italien et en anglais), annotée et commentée du manuscrit de Giorgio Denores, composé au début du XVIIe siècle et conservé auprès de la Bibliothèque Palatine de Parme ( Regia Biblioteca di Parma, Palatini MSS. 461).Giorgio Denores : Discorso sopra l'Isola di Cipri con le Ragioni della Vera Successione in Quel Regno.( Discours sur l'ile de Chypre et les raisons de la juste succession dans ce Royaume).P. Kitromilides entend à travers cette ..

Un exemple de permanence cultuelle de l’Antiquité au Moyen Âge : le monastère de Sainte-Catherine / Saint-Oreste dans le Chrysochou

The church known as St. Catherine, which was constructed in the Late Middle Ages, is the biggest in the Chrysochou area. It is the only visible remain of a monastery, which was constructed on an ancient site. This site was probably Christianised soon after the adoption of Christianity in Cyprus. The monastery was consecrated to St. Orestius. It was a metochi (μετοχή) of Mont Sinai monastery and remained so until the beginning of the 20th century. The church was badly damaged by the 1953 earthquake. After a difficult search for its owners, it was then restored. The dimensions of the church suggest that this monastery attracted a lot of pilgrims in the course of the centuries.Imhaus Brunehilde. Un exemple de permanence cultuelle de l’Antiquité au Moyen Âge : le monastère de Sainte-Catherine / Saint-Oreste dans le Chrysochou. In: Cahiers du Centre d'Etudes Chypriotes. Volume 45, 2015. Hommage à Jacqueline Karageorghis. pp. 389-398

La minorité chypriote de Venise du XVIe siècle au début du XVIIe siècle

After imposing its power on the countries of the Adriatic and the former Byzantine empire, Venice became the scene for exchanges between the Orient and the countries of the Levant. The structures of Venetian society were nourished by those different episodes of immigration that have punctuated the history of the Republic. Venetian sources show that after the seizure of the island of Cyprus there was an intensification of the already long-standing relations between Cyprus and the Serenissima. The Venetian expansion had consequences in human terms, namely the movement towards the Metropolis of a part of Cypriot society which thus joined the Greek community that had already been established for several decades in a "Confraternity of St George of the Greeks". But the Cypriot community was no longer a faithful reflection of the Greek minority that preceded it, and these Cypriots were to become at the turn of the 17th century "the Greek colony of Venice". When described quantitatively and above all qualitatively, the problematic of Greek settlement in Venice reflects the social reactions of the Republic and allows us to see how the Venetian polity, whose real tolerance was never disinterested, functioned when faced with this immigration. The impact resulting from overseas colonisation – a very particular one in the case of Cyprus – can therefore be demonstrated, at least as far as the human aspects are concerned, in a city of many centuries' cosmopolitanism, where the maintenance of individualities yielded not at all to the affirmation of a Venetian identity.Imhaus Brunehilde. La minorité chypriote de Venise du XVIe siècle au début du XVIIe siècle. In: Chypre et la Méditerranée orientale. Formations identitaires : perspectives historiques et enjeux contemporains. Actes du colloque tenu à Lyon, 1997, Université Lumière-Lyon 2, Université de Chypre. Lyon : Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean Pouilloux, 2000. pp. 33-41. (Travaux de la Maison de l'Orient méditerranéen, 31