The Structure and Dynamics of Co-Citation Clusters: A Multiple-Perspective Co-Citation Analysis

A multiple-perspective co-citation analysis method is introduced for characterizing and interpreting the structure and dynamics of co-citation clusters. The method facilitates analytic and sense making tasks by integrating network visualization, spectral clustering, automatic cluster labeling, and text summarization. Co-citation networks are decomposed into co-citation clusters. The interpretation of these clusters is augmented by automatic cluster labeling and summarization. The method focuses on the interrelations between a co-citation cluster's members and their citers. The generic method is applied to a three-part analysis of the field of Information Science as defined by 12 journals published between 1996 and 2008: 1) a comparative author co-citation analysis (ACA), 2) a progressive ACA of a time series of co-citation networks, and 3) a progressive document co-citation analysis (DCA). Results show that the multiple-perspective method increases the interpretability and accountability of both ACA and DCA networks.Comment: 33 pages, 11 figures, 10 tables. To appear in the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technolog

Coping with the Gulf war: Subculture differences among ischemic heart disease patients in Israel

The purpose of this study was to assess short term effects of the Gulf war on ischemic heart disease patients of different ethnic origin. Three dimensions of patients' reactions to the war situation were studied: psychological, physical and behavioral. The study first focused on changes in patients' responses on these dimensions over three stages of the war, differentiated according to degree of threat. Second, differences stemming from ethnic origin were examined among patients who live in the same geographical region, use the same health services and were exposed to the same threatening life event. One hundred ischemic heart disease patients were interviewed while waiting in outpatient hospital clinics for a regular examination at the end of the war. The results of intrapersonal comparisons showed that the intensity of responses, as expected, increased significantly on the three dimensions from the week before the war started to the first week of the war, which was the most stressful period for Israelis. During the last week of the war, however, when stress was significantly reduced, the expected change was found primarily with regard to psychologic responses. That is, worries were significantly reduced, but no significant reduction in frequency of anginal pain and in drug consumption followed, indicating differences in the adjustment process on the psychologic and physical levels. Subcultural differences were found in the studied responses: Patients of Asian or North African countries of origin reported having more frequent anginal pains, and consuming more drugs than patients from Western countries. The increase in physical symptoms indicates that a stressful event has immediate harmful physical effects on chronically ill people, which might increase in the long run. This supports the life events theory. The severity of these aversive responses varies among the different ethnic groups, probably due to cultural differences in learned coping patterns. Such findings have important practical applications for identifying groups or individuals at risk, and for planning preventive intervention programs for periods of social crisis.coping with stressors life events illness behavior subcultures coronary heart disease

Research on Youth Exposure to, and Management of, Cyberbullying Incidents in Australia: Synthesis Report

The Australian Government Department of Communications commissioned the UNSW Social Policy Research Centre, the University of South Australia, the University of Western Sydney, the Young and Well Cooperative Research Centre, and the National Children’s and Youth Law Centre to research youth exposure to, and management of, cyberbullying incidents in Australia. The research aims to provide the Australian Government with evidence relating to the desirability of whether to create a new, separate cyberbullying offence and in its consideration of a new civil enforcement regime

Research on Youth Exposure to, and Management of, Cyberbullying Incidents in Australia. Part C: An Evidence-based Assessment of Deterrents to Youth Cyberbullying. Appendix B: Findings of Research with Adult Stakeholders

The Australian Government, as represented by the Department of Communications, commissioned the Social Policy Research Centre (SPRC) at UNSW Australia, the University of South Australia, the University of Western Sydney, and the Young and Well CRC to research youth exposure to, and management of, cyberbullying incidents in Australia. The research aims to provide the Australian Government with evidence relating to the desirability of whether to create a new, separate cyberbullying offence and in its consideration of a new civil enforcement regime for instances where the victims and cyberbullies are Australian minors at the time of the incidents. The research methods employed were designed to maximise stakeholder reach and engagement, and capitalise on the collective expertise and experiences of a wide range of stakeholders. A number of adult stakeholders were surveyed and engaged (through interviews and workshops) to develop the evidence-base to determine if a new, simplified cyberbullying offence or a new civil enforcement regime were introduced, how such an offence or regime could be implemented, in conjunction with the existing criminal offences, to have the greatest material deterrence effect. This appendix presents the detailed methodology and findings from engaging adult stakeholders in support of the Part C Report: An evidence-based assessment of deterrents to youth cyberbullying. The findings of the youth engagement component of this research are presented separately in Appendix C to the report

Research on Youth Exposure to, and Management of, Cyberbullying Incidents in Australia. Part C: An Evidence-base Assessment of Deterrents to Youth Cyberbullying. Appendix C: Findings of Research with Youth

The Australian Government Department of Communications commissioned the Social Policy Research Centre (SPRC) at the UNSW Australia, the University of South Australia, the University of Western Sydney, and the Young and Well CRC to research youth exposure to, and management of, cyberbullying incidents in Australia. The research aims to provide the Australian Government with evidence relating to the desirability of whether to create a new, separate cyberbullying offence and in its consideration of a new civil enforcement regime for instances where the victims and cyberbullies are Australian minors at the time of the incidents. The methods employed in this research were designed to maximise stakeholder reach and engagement. This appendix presents the detailed methodology and findings of a crowdsourcing survey that examined the awareness and understanding of young people (aged 15-24) in relation to the potential criminality of cyberbullying, appropriate penalties, the range of sentencing options and the deterrent impact of these. The survey also explored perspectives about where young people should be able to find information about cyberbullying. A national youth crowdsourcing campaign (survey) was conducted between 17 February and 7 April 2014 to explore these issues. The findings in this appendix support the Part C Report: An evidence-based assessment of deterrents to youth cyberbullying. The findings of the adult engagement component of this research are presented separately in Appendix B to the same Report

Research on Youth Exposure to, and Management of, Cyberbullying Incidents in Australia. Part C: An Evidence-base Assessment of Deterrents to Youth Cyberbullying. Appendix C: Findings of Research with Youth

The Australian Government Department of Communications commissioned the Social Policy Research Centre (SPRC) at the UNSW Australia, the University of South Australia, the University of Western Sydney, and the Young and Well CRC to research youth exposure to, and management of, cyberbullying incidents in Australia. The research aims to provide the Australian Government with evidence relating to the desirability of whether to create a new, separate cyberbullying offence and in its consideration of a new civil enforcement regime for instances where the victims and cyberbullies are Australian minors at the time of the incidents. The methods employed in this research were designed to maximise stakeholder reach and engagement. This appendix presents the detailed methodology and findings of a crowdsourcing survey that examined the awareness and understanding of young people (aged 15-24) in relation to the potential criminality of cyberbullying, appropriate penalties, the range of sentencing options and the deterrent impact of these. The survey also explored perspectives about where young people should be able to find information about cyberbullying. A national youth crowdsourcing campaign (survey) was conducted between 17 February and 7 April 2014 to explore these issues. The findings in this appendix support the Part C Report: An evidence-based assessment of deterrents to youth cyberbullying. The findings of the adult engagement component of this research are presented separately in Appendix B to the same Report

Research on Youth Exposure to, and Management of, Cyberbullying Incidents in Australia. Part C: An Evidence-based Assessment of Deterrents to Youth Cyberbullying. Appendix D: Supplementary Data and Analysis

The Australian Government Department of Communications commissioned the Social Policy Research Centre (SPRC) at UNSW Australia, the University of South Australia, the University of Western Sydney, and the Young and Well CRC to research youth exposure to, and management of, cyberbullying incidents in Australia. The research aims to provide the Australian Government with evidence relating to the desirability of whether to create a new, separate cyberbullying offence and in its consideration of a new civil enforcement regime for instances where the victims and cyberbullies are Australian minors at the time of the incidents. This appendix presents supplementary data and analysis that supports the Part C Report: An evidence-based assessment of deterrents to youth cyberbullying

Research on Youth Exposure to, and Management of, Cyberbullying Incidents in Australia. Part C: An Evidence-based Assessment of Deterrents to Youth Cyberbullying. Appendix A: Literature Review – International Responses to Youth Cyberbullying and Current Australian Legal Context

This literature review was designed to contribute to the evidence-base to determine if a new, simplified cyberbullying offence or a new civil enforcement regime were introduced, how such an offence or regime could be implemented, in conjunction with the existing criminal offences, to have the greatest material deterrence effect. It has drawn upon intersecting domains related to understanding the construct of cyberbullying, as embedded within the literatures of aggression and bullying; and the law as employed in international and Australian settings. This literature review supports the Part C Report: An evidence-based assessment of deterrents to youth cyberbullying

Addressing the housing needs of participants is critical to NDIS success

Recent reforms in the disability sector through the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) will allocate funding to individuals who will be able to exercise greater control over its use. More people with disabilities will be able to access support to move from congregate care, group homes, their parents’ home or unstable housing to more independent living arrangements. The researchers analysed ABS data and interviewed staff of disability and housing agencies. They also interviewed people with disabilities—most with individualised funding packages—who moved, or planned to live more independently in the community. Interviews were conducted in New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia. Reasons for moving home were varied, but many wanted to live independently in housing that met their preferences for design and location. A key barrier they faced was lack of affordable housing. Those that had succeeded in accessing social housing had done so through special programs, or by being classified at risk of homelessness. Those achieving ownership received family financial support or utilised shared equity arrangements. Those in private rental had established relationships with landlords. Sharing was also a feature in private rental and ownership options. Where people with disabilities had been able to move to preferred housing in a suitable location (close to family, public transport and services), they experienced positive outcomes such as feelings of independence, social participation, and improvements in physical and mental health. Those in social housing experienced more secure and affordable tenancies, while those owning their own homes (including shared equity arrangements) experienced pride and sense of security. Those in private rental, by contrast, were less secure and experienced affordability stress. Detailed housing policies and strategies will be needed to respond to the NDIS. New supplies of affordable housing are a priority, but so also is adaptable design to enable people with disabilities to age in place. Home sharing is a useful strategy to pool support funding and would improve overall utilisation of housing stock, but provisions to enable people to choose flatmates and preserve privacy will be important. The study highlights the benefits of choice and flexibility in funding, but also recognises that strategies will also need to integrate sufficient advocacy, information and tenancy management assistance to prepare and support people into new living arrangements. Separate program funding to build capacity in formal and informal support networks will also be required