Possibilities of using CAD tools in the case of the company Iveta Ltd. windows and doors

U radu se prikazuje mogućnost modernizacije proizvodnje u tvrtki koja se bavi proizvodnjom prozora i vrata. Uvođenjem CAD alata zaokružuje se cijeli ciklus nastajanja novog proizvoda. Prikazane su aktivnosti koje svojom provedbom pomažu ubrzati proces pripreme tehničke dokumentacije potrebne za proizvodnju. Kako je prvi dojam bitan kod odabira proizvoda u daljnjem tekstu prikazana je izrada visoko rezolucijskih slika.This paper presents a way of modernization of production in the company Iveta Ltd. windows and doors. The introduction of CAD tools rounds off the whole cycle of the formation of a new product. The activities whose implementation helps speed up the process of preparing technical documentation needed for production are presented. Since the first impression is important when selecting products, the production of high-resolution images will be displayed

Oral and vulvar lichen sclerosus

No abstract availabl

Oral and vulvar lichen sclerosus

No abstract availabl

Povezanost proteina nm23 i ketapsina D sa kliničkim i patološkim značajkama oralnog karcinoma pločastih stanica

The most important prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes. Study group comprised of 107 patients with OSCC and control group comprised of 77 specimens of unchanged oral mucosa. The purpose of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of cathepsin D and nm23 protein in OSCC and to compare it to the other clinical and histological features and to the occurrence of regional metastases, in order to assess their prognostic value. In contrast to normal epithelium a diff use expression of cathepsin D and nm23 protein in OSCC has been found. By comparing the expression of cathepsin D and nm23 protein in tumor cells and in tumor stroma and the type of reaction to the pT, the degree of diff erentiation, mode of invasion and tumor stroma the following has been found: a signifi cant connection between nm23 protein in tumor cells with the degree of diff erentiation, nm23 protein with the characteristics of the tumor stroma and mode of invasion and cathepsin D with the degree of tumor diff erentiation. The results of this research highlight the important role of tumor stroma in metastatic potential of OSCC.Svrha ovog istraživanja bila je imunohistokemijski utvrditi izraženost proteina nm23 i katepsina D u oralnim pločastim karcinomima, usporediti ju s patohistološkim nalazima, pojavom područnih presadnica i procijeniti njihovu vrijednost u prognozi bolesti. Ispitivano je 107 tkivnih uzoraka bolesne i 77 zdrave ustne sluznice. Uočena je pojačana difuzna izraženost proteina nm23 i katepsina D u bolesnom tkivu. Usporedbom proteina nm23 i katepsina D u tumorskim stanicama i tumorskoj stromi, te tipa reakcije s pT, stupnjem diferencijacije, načinom invazije i izraženošću tumorske strome, nađena je znakovita povezanost izraženosti proteina nm23 u tumorskim stanicama sa stupnjem diferencijacije, proteina nm23s izraženošću tumorske strome i načinom invazije, te katepsina D sa stupnjem diferencijacije tumora. Najvažniji prognostički pokazatelj u oralnim pločastim karcinomima su metastaze u područnim limfnim čvorovima. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju važnost tumorske strome za metastatski potencijal ostnog ustnog pločastog karcinoma

Povezanost proteina nm23 i ketapsina D sa kliničkim i patološkim značajkama oralnog karcinoma pločastih stanica

The most important prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes. Study group comprised of 107 patients with OSCC and control group comprised of 77 specimens of unchanged oral mucosa. The purpose of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of cathepsin D and nm23 protein in OSCC and to compare it to the other clinical and histological features and to the occurrence of regional metastases, in order to assess their prognostic value. In contrast to normal epithelium a diff use expression of cathepsin D and nm23 protein in OSCC has been found. By comparing the expression of cathepsin D and nm23 protein in tumor cells and in tumor stroma and the type of reaction to the pT, the degree of diff erentiation, mode of invasion and tumor stroma the following has been found: a signifi cant connection between nm23 protein in tumor cells with the degree of diff erentiation, nm23 protein with the characteristics of the tumor stroma and mode of invasion and cathepsin D with the degree of tumor diff erentiation. The results of this research highlight the important role of tumor stroma in metastatic potential of OSCC.Svrha ovog istraživanja bila je imunohistokemijski utvrditi izraženost proteina nm23 i katepsina D u oralnim pločastim karcinomima, usporediti ju s patohistološkim nalazima, pojavom područnih presadnica i procijeniti njihovu vrijednost u prognozi bolesti. Ispitivano je 107 tkivnih uzoraka bolesne i 77 zdrave ustne sluznice. Uočena je pojačana difuzna izraženost proteina nm23 i katepsina D u bolesnom tkivu. Usporedbom proteina nm23 i katepsina D u tumorskim stanicama i tumorskoj stromi, te tipa reakcije s pT, stupnjem diferencijacije, načinom invazije i izraženošću tumorske strome, nađena je znakovita povezanost izraženosti proteina nm23 u tumorskim stanicama sa stupnjem diferencijacije, proteina nm23s izraženošću tumorske strome i načinom invazije, te katepsina D sa stupnjem diferencijacije tumora. Najvažniji prognostički pokazatelj u oralnim pločastim karcinomima su metastaze u područnim limfnim čvorovima. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju važnost tumorske strome za metastatski potencijal ostnog ustnog pločastog karcinoma

Catastrophizing in Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome

Uvod: Sindrom pekućih usta (SPU) idiopatska je tegoba kod koje usna šupljina peče i boli pacijente s klinički normalnom oralnom sluznicom. Pritom su isključeni lokalni i opći uzroci. Katastrofiziranje se definira kao pretjerana negativna orijentacija prema osjećaju boli i bolnog iskustva. Svrha ovog rada bila je ispitati povezanost između katastrofiziranja i kliničkih parametara SPU-a te između katastrofiziranja i kvalitete života bolesnika s SPU-om. Materijali i metode: Anonimni trodijelni upitnik [opći parametri i vizualna analogna ljestvica (VAS) za procjenu intenziteta pečenja (od 0 do 100 mm), hrvatska inačica OHIP-ove ljestvice (OHIP 14) te hrvatska verzija ljestvice Pain Catastrophizing] ispunilo je 30 pacijenata s dijagnosticiranim SPU-om. Rezultati: Katastrofiziranje je bilo klinički značajno izraženo kod 30 posto bolesnika. Ukupno katastrofiziranje i sve tri potkomponente bile su u korelaciji s intenzitetom pečenja, ali ne i s trajanjem tegoba. Pacijenti sa snažnijim katastrofiziranjem imali su lošiju kvalitetu života. Spol nije utjecao na to stanje. Zaključak: Uvidom u katastrofiziranje moglo bi se identificirati pacijente s negativnim obrascima ponašanja kod kojih bi se dodatnom psihološkom intervencijom mogli smanjiti ili eliminirati negativni kognitivni čimbenici i poboljšati podnošenje kroničnoga bolnog stanja kao što je SPU.Background: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic painful condition which manifests with burning sensations in the oral cavity in patients with clinically normal oral mucosa and without any local and/or systemic causative factor. Catastrophizing is defined as an exaggerated negative orientation toward pain stimuli and pain experience. The aim of this study was to examine the association between catastrophizing and clinical parameters of BMS, and to examine the association between catastrophizing and the quality of life in patients with BMS. Materials and methods: Anonymous questionnaire consisting of 3 parts (demographic and clinical data with 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS), Croatian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) scale and Croatian version of the Pain Catastrophizing scale (PC), was distributed to 30 patients diagnosed with BMS. Results: A higher level of catastrophizing was clinically significant in 30% of the patients. Total catastrophizing score and all three subcomponents of catastrophizing significantly correlated with the intensity of symptoms, but did not correlate with the duration of symptoms. Gender and previous treatment did not affect the catastrophizing. Conclusion: Obtaining the information about catastrophizing could help a clinician to identify patients with negative behavioural patterns. Additional psychological intervention in these individuals could reduce/eliminate negative cognitive factors and improve coping with chronic painful condition such as BMS

Ulceracije gingive u bolesnice s akutnom mijeloidnom leukemijom: prikaz slučaja i pregled literature

A 40-year-old female patient was admitted to the Department of Oral Medicine due to oral ulcerations. Oral ulcerations were present on vestibular mucosa above teeth 21, 22, 25 and 26 and were 1 cm in diam-eter, and also around teeth 45 and 46. The patient had prolonged neutropenia due to therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome that progressed to therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia. Initially, the pa-tient was successfully treated with polychemotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Unfortunately, many toxic complications ensued, such as peripheral neuropathy, dilated cardiomyopathy and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia. The onset of therapy-related myelo-dysplastic syndrome was less than six months after initiation of chemotherapy treatment, which was ra-ther early, but cytogenetic changes (monosomy 5 and 7) were consistent with the diagnosis. Upon admis-sion to our Department, microbiological swabs were obtained and were all negative, while x-ray finding showed that ulcerations did not have dental cause. Biopsy was not obtained as the patient had severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. While viral and fungal swabs were negative, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was cultured from the oral cavity. Thus, differential diagnoses are listed in this report. Neutro-penic ulcerations did not heal albeit extensive medicamentous oral and systemic treatments were applied and the patient died.Bolesnica u dobi od 40 godina primljena je na Zavod za oralnu medicinu zbog oralnih ulceracija. Oralne ulceracije promjera 1 cm bile su prisutne na vestibularnoj sluznici iznad zuba 21, 22, 25 i 26, a također i oko zuba 45 i 46. Bolesnica je imala produljenu neutropeniju uslijed mijelodisplastičnog sindroma povezanog s terapijom, koji je pro-gredirao u akutnu mijeloidnu leukemiju povezanu s terapijom. U početku je bolesnica uspješno liječena polikemote-rapijom za non-Hodgkinov limfom. Nažalost, uslijedile su mnoge toksične komplikacije poput periferne neuropatije, proširene kardiomiopatije i mijelodisplastičnog sindroma povezanog s terapijom/akutne mijeloidne leukemije pove-zane s terapijom. Terapijski mijelodisplastični sindrom pojavio se u manje od šest mjeseci nakon započinjanja liječenja kemoterapijom, što je bilo prilično rano, ali su citogenetske promjene (monosomija 5 i 7) bile u skladu s dijagnozom. Nakon dolaska na naš Zavod učinjeni su mikrobiološki brisevi i svi su bili negativni, a rendgenski nalaz je isključio odontogenu etiologiju ulceracija. Biopsija nije učinjena, jer je bolesnica imala tešku neutropeniju i trom-bocitopeniju. Iako su virusni i gljivični brisevi bili negativni, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia izolirana je iz usne šup-ljine. Stoga su u ovom prikazu navedene različite dijagnoze. Unatoč ekstenzivnim oralnim i sistemskim tretmanima neutropenične ulceracije nisu zacijelile, a bolesnica je preminula

Simultana pojava oralnog i kožnog anaplastičnog limfoma velikih T stanica

We present case of oral and skin anaplastic T-cell lymphoma in a 68-year-old woman. The patient presented with extensive ulcerations and necrotic tissue on the left mandibular gingiva. Orthopantomogram finding showed extensive necrolytic lesions of the adjacent mandible. Biopsy finding of oral lesions and subsequently of the skin confirmed the diagnosis of anaplastic T-cell lymphoma. The bridge on the teeth 35-37 was taken out. After three cycles of chemotherapy, oral lesions subsided, unlike skin lesions. Dentists should be aware that differential diagnosis when dealing with oral ulcerations might be the result of certain malignant hematologic diseases.U radu se prikazuje slučaj oralnog i kožnog anaplastičnog limfoma velikih T stanica u 68-godišnje osobe. U bolesnice su na prvom pregledu uočene opsežne ulceracije i nekrotično tkivo u području gingive na mandibuli lijeve strane lica. Na ortopantomogramu su se vidjele opsežne nekrolitične lezije na kosti mandibule toga dijela. Patohistološki nalaz sluznice usne šupljine, a poslije i kože potvrdio je dijagnozu anaplastičnog limfoma velikih T stanica. Most na zubima 35-37 je izvađen. Nakon tri ciklusa kemoterapije oralne lezije su se povukle, za razliku od kožnih lezija. Stomatolozi pri diferencijalnoj dijagnostici oralnih ulceracija moraju imati na umu i moguću povezanost tih lezija s malignim hematološkim bolestima

Case of Unrecognised of Maxillary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Adenoidni cistični karcinom rjeđe je dijagnosticirani tumor koji može zahvatiti velike i male žlijezde slinovnice. Prikazan je slučaj 70-godišnjeg bolesnika koji je upućen u Zavod za oralnu medicinu Stomatološkog fakulteta u Zagrebu zbog boli u desnoj strani gornje čeljusti. U ovom slučaju opisujemo kako jednostrana oštra bol u gornjoj čeljusti i oku može ukazivati na dijagnozu adenoidnog cističnog karcinoma, iako bolesnik nema u usnoj šupljini vidljivih promjena.Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a less commonly diagnosed cancer that may affect the major or minor salivary glands. We present a 70 year old male patient who was admitted to the Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine in Zagreb, Croatia due to pain in the right maxilla. In this case we report a case of the patient with unilateral pain in the maxilla & eye which lead to the diagnosis of adenoid cystic cancer without any visible oral lesions