2,390 research outputs found
On the evolution of a large class of inhomogeneous scalar field cosmologies
The asymptotic behaviour of a family of inhomogeneous scalar field
cosmologies with exponential potential is studied. By introducing new variables
we can perform an almost complete analysis of the evolution of these
cosmologies. Unlike the homogeneous case (Bianchi type solutions), when k^2<2
the models do not isotropize due to the presence of the inhomogeneitiesComment: 23 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravit
High--Resolution 3D Simulations of Relativistic Jets
We have performed high-resolution 3D simulations of relativistic jets with
beam flow Lorentz factors up to 7, a spatial resolution of 8 cells per beam
radius, and for up to 75 normalized time units to study the morphology and
dynamics of 3D relativistic jets. Our simulations show that the coherent fast
backflows found in axisymmetric models are not present in 3D models. We further
find that when the jet is exposed to non-axisymmetric perturbations, (i) it
does not display the strong perturbations found for 3D classical hydrodynamic
and MHD jets (at least during the period of time covered by our simulations),
and (ii) it does propagate according to the 1D estimate. Small 3D effects in
the relativistic beam give rise to a lumpy distribution of apparent speeds like
that observed in M87. The beam is surrounded by a boundary layer of high
specific internal energy. The properties of this layer are briefly discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to be publish in the ApJ Letters.
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Evidences of evanescent Bloch waves in Phononic Crystals
We show both experimentally and theoretically the evanescent behaviour of
modes in the Band Gap (BG) of finite Phononic Crystal (PC). Based on
experimental and numerical data we obtain the imaginary part of the wave vector
in good agreement with the complex band structures obtained by the Extended
Plane Wave Expansion (EPWE). The calculated and measured acoustic field of a
localized mode out of the point defect inside the PC presents also evanescent
behaviour. The correct understanding of evanescent modes is fundamental for
designing narrow filters and wave guides based on Phononic Crystals with
defects.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
A new scenario for string unification
We present a new scenario for gauge coupling unification in flipped SU(5)
string models, which identifies the scale of SU(3) and SU(2)
unification with the empirical ~GeV scale, and the
scale of SU(5) and U(1) unification with the theoretical ~GeV string unification scale. The vacuum shift
necessary for the cancellation of the anomalous and an SU(4)
hidden sector with fractionally-charged particles, play a crucial role in the
dynamical determination of all intermediate mass scales in this scenario.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures (uuencoded
Multiple Schr\"odinger pictures and dynamics in shortcuts to adiabaticity
A Schr\"odinger equation may be transformed by unitary operators into
dynamical equations in different interaction pictures which share with it a
common physical frame, i.e., the same underlying interactions, processes and
dynamics. In contrast to this standard scenario, other relations are also
possible, such as a common interaction-picture dynamical equation corresponding
to several Schr\"odinger equations that represent different physics. This may
enable us to design alternative and feasible experimental routes for operations
that are a priori difficult or impossible to perform. The power of this concept
is exemplified by engineering Hamiltonians that improve the performance or make
realizable several shortcuts to adiabaticity
A Classification of 3-Family Grand Unification in String Theory I. The SO(10) and E_6 Models
We give a classification of 3-family SO(10) and E_6 grand unification in
string theory within the framework of conformal field theory and asymmetric
orbifolds. We argue that the construction of such models in the heterotic
string theory requires certain Z_6 asymmetric orbifolds that include a Z_3
outer-automorphism, the latter yielding a level-3 current algebra for the grand
unification gauge group SO(10) or E_6. We then classify all such Z_6 asymmetric
orbifolds that result in models with a non-abelian hidden sector. All models
classified in this paper have only one adjoint (but no other higher
representation) Higgs field in the grand unified gauge group. In addition, all
of them are completely anomaly free. There are two types of such 3-family
models. The first type consists of the unique SO(10) model with SU(2) X SU(2) X
SU(2) as its hidden sector (which is not asymptotically-free at the string
scale). This SO(10) model has 4 left-handed and 1 right-handed 16s. The second
type is described by a moduli space containing 17 models (distinguished by
their massless spectra). All these models have an SU(2) hidden sector, and 5
left-handed and 2 right-handed families in the grand unified gauge group. One
of these models is the unique E_6 model with an asymptotically-free SU(2)
hidden sector. The others are SO(10) models, 8 of them with an asymptotically
free hidden sector at the string scale.Comment: 35 pages, Revtex 3.0, one eps figure (to appear in Phys. Rev. D
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