ВОСПИТАНИЕ И ОБУЧЕНИЕ ДЕТЕЙ В ЭПОХУ НОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

These are all issues that need to be discussed. The digital world is already around us, and it will stay with us. A new era has begun. We face a difficult task: to develop the principles of education of children in the age of the Internet. We need to think about everything and formulate a number of clear rules that will help in the education of children, as well as ensure their safety and health.If you want to teach a child something, you have to learn it yourself. Only years of parental experience allowed me to understand the wisdom of this approach. We open the world to them. Therefore, we must understand and understand ourselves before teaching our children. Все это вопросы, которые нужно обсуждать. Цифровой мир уже вокруг нас, и он останется с нами. Началась новая эпоха. Перед нами стоит трудная задача: выработать принципы воспитания детей в эпоху интернета. Нам нужно все обдумать и сформулировать ряд четких правил, которые помогут в воспитании детей, а также обеспечат их безопасность и здоровье.Если хотите чему-то научить ребенка, вы должны освоить это сами. Лишь многолетний родительский опыт позволил мне понять мудрость такого подхода. Мы открываем для них мир. Поэтому мы должны сами разобраться и вникнуть, прежде чем учить своих детей.

Phagocytosis and oxidative activity of neutrophils after interaction with uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> biofilms

Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are associated primarily with the ability of Escherichia coli to form biofilms. The interaction of neutrophils, factors of innate immunity, with microorganisms in biofilms is difficult compared to planktonic forms due to the lack of direct contact, as well as due to the antiphagocytic action of the extracellular matrix of biofilms. The purpose of this study was evaluation of neutrophils phagocytic and oxidative activity during interaction with biofilms of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) DL82 and R44. Peripheral blood neutrophils from healthy men were isolated using ficoll-urographin double gradient, incubated for 1 h with bacterial cells from biofilms or their supernatants, then leukocytes functional activity was evaluated. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils was determined by the degree of bioluminescence inhibition of bioluminescent strain E. coli K12 TG1 lux+ (pXen) upon their absorption by neutrophils. Production of extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by the intensity of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence in spontaneous and stimulated by E. coli K12 variants. Significance of differences was determined using Student’s t-test at p &lt; 0.05. It was found that neutrophils interaction with UPEC biofilm cells or supernatants did not affect the phagocytic activity. E. coli DL82 supernatants reduce neutrophils spontaneous ROS production compared to control and biofilm cells. E. coli R44 supernatants with a low virulence potential did not affect ROS production, while biofilm cells stimulated it. When assessing stimulated ROS production, exposure to R44 strain supernatants did not cause a decrease in neutrophils activation in response to an external stimulus (E. coli K12 cells). Preliminary contact of neutrophils with E. coli R44 bacteria resulted in a high and prolonged level of ROS production compared to the control. Neutrophils interaction with DL82 cells resulted in a higher level of ROS compared to supernatants, however a subsequent rapid depletion of neutrophils oxidative potential was observed. Thus, cells and supernatants of UPEC biofilms can determine the activation of neutrophils

THE INFLUENCE OF ESTRIOL ON NKT CELLS LEVEL AT MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

The influence of pregnancy hormone estriol (E3) on the natural killer T (NKT) cells percentage was studied in multiple sclerosis patients (MSP) and healthy donors (HD). It was shown that NKT level was initially higher in MSP in comparison with HD. E3 reduced the percentage of the cells in MSP and HD. So, amelioration of MS symptoms at pregnancy may be due to E3 influence

The Rail Freight Tariffs: The Theoretical Basis of the Transition from the Traditional Formation for Agent-based Modeling

The paper studies the concept, the basic methods, tools, and tendencies of behavioral economics (BE) along with the possibility of using its methodological and cognitive resources for making rail cargo rates. Philosophical analysis was held of criteria and limitations of BE in the context of its actual use in forming a new methodological approach to the calculation of competitive rail cargo tariffs in the quasi-liberal economy of Russia. It was shown that current methods of the cargo tariffs calculation in modern conditions of rail transport development in Russia are unworkable in the nearest future. Keywords: behavioral economics, rail cargo tariffs, quasi-liberal economics, agent-based modeling, economic behavior JEL Classifications: D7, L9, R1, R

Developing a modern thermal strengthening technique for regulated fishplate cooling

A modern ecologically friendly technique for fishplate (joint bar) thermal strengthening by regulated water cooling is proposed. The proposed technique can successfully replace the conventional one - oil quenching - due to making the cooling process more controlled by obtaining a uniform temperature distribution over fishplate elements with a different mass such as heads and the wet. The oil quenching process is an out of control fire hazardous one and requires controlling the permanent cooling capability, fishplate flushing after the operation. It is necessary to utilize the oil and to have a special ventilation system. As a mineral oil substitute, the usage of polymer media has been investigated. Within the time, the polymer solution needs to be recycled; the high cost of polymer concentrates also plays an important role. Quenching by water spraying is the most ecological and controlled type of thermal strengthening. The technique was validated by a test bench experiment and implemented in the metallurgical industry. The mechanical properties have been obtained to meet the GOST 4133-73 technical requirements. Moreover, the analysis made showed that when the controlled cooling device is fitted into the line existing due to exclusion of the hardening tank and washing machine from the processing flow it is possible to save energy, exclude the expenditures for acquisition, the preparation of oil and washing mixtures as well as for regeneration of the oils used and washing solutions. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering;International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

Melatonin in Th17/Treg differentiation: the contribution of the hormone's own production by T lymphocytes

The hormone melatonin is involved in regulation of functioning of almost all organs and systems of the organism. In the immune system, T lymphocytes are an important target of melatonin: they express specific melatonin receptors with different affinities – membrane MT1 and MT2 and nuclear RORa, as well as intracellular molecules that nonspecifically bind melatonin at high concentrations. Moreover, many in vitro studies reveal their own production of melatonin by T lymphocytes in response to polyclonal activation and its involvement as autocrine or paracrine factor in the induction of IL-2 and IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) synthesis by T cells, with melatonin receptors involvement in implementation of these effects. Since IL-2/IL-2R-dependent signal is a key event in T lymphocytes proliferative response induction, intrinsic melatonin seems to be directly involved at least in the clonal expansion of these cells. In this work, we investigated the contribution of T cells’ melatonin to regulation of the next stage of T lymphocyte activation, namely, the differentiation of T helper populations Th17 and Treg. It was shown that blockade of both membrane and nuclear melatonin receptors did not cause statistically significant changes in Th17 differentiation, although the trend was fixed for a decrease. Simultaneously, CD4+FoxP3+Т cells level decreased under the nonselective blockade of membrane hormone receptors, and Treg-associated cytokine TGF-b concentration in activated cultures supernatants decreased both in case of MT1/MT2 nonselective blockade and MT2 selective blockade. The data indicate that melatonin produced by T lymphocytes in culture can contribute to the control of naive CD4+T cell differentiation into Treg in vitro, and the hormone effects are mediated by membrane melatonin receptors. The presence of a large number targets with different affinities for melatonin in T lymphocytes determines the key role of the hormone concentration in its effects on these cells. And when interpreting data on melatonin-dependent regulation of Treg, it is important to take into account the hormone’s own production by lymphocytes, since T cells’ melatonin can mask the exogenous hormone effects or interfere with its action due to competitive binding to hormone receptors

Соntent of the heavy metal in the organism of brown frogs of the city zone of Kiev

Досліджено рівні накопичення та розподілу важких металів (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) в органах та тканинах двох видів жаб (Rana temporaria та R. arvalis) із біотопів, безпосередньо прилеглих до деяких водойм міської зони Києва.Исследованы уровни накопления и распределения тяжелых металлов (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) в органах и тканях двух видов лягушек (Rana temporaria и R. arvalis) из биотопов, непосредственно прилегающих к некоторым водоемов городской зоны Киева.The content and distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) in organs and tissues of Rana temporaria and R. arvalis from biotopes near some reservoirs in the city zone of Kyiv are studied

Determinant of Power Quality Monitoring Systems

В данной статье рассматривается перспектива внедрения систем мониторинга качества электрической энергии. Статья посвящена актуальной на сегодняшний день проблемы электроэнергетики повышению качества электроэнергии. Раскрыто понятие «качество электрической энергии», проведена сравнительная характеристика различных систем мониторинга. Особое внимание уделено проблеме необходимости повсеместной реализации мониторинга линий электропередач. В данной статье предпринята попытка раскрыть основные барьеры интеграции систем мониторинга качества электроэнергии. В заключении раскрывается необходимость внедрения определенной системы контроля качества электрической энергии.This article discusses the prospect of introducing systems for monitoring the quality of electrical energy. The article is devoted to the current problem of the electric power industry to improve the quality of electricity. The concept of "quality of electric energy" is disclosed, a comparative description of various monitoring systems is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the problem of the need for the widespread implementation of monitoring of power lines. This article attempts to reveal the main barriers to the integration of power quality monitoring systems. In conclusion, the need to introduce a certain system for monitoring the quality of electrical energy is revealed

TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING OF FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF DRIVERS DURING THEIR WORK

The article is devoted to development of modern telemetric methods for an on-line evaluation of functional status of vehicle drivers during their work. The study of occupational load effect on cardiovascular system was performed with the use of mobile devices included portable sensors and storage device to collect information (smartphone). The developed computer programs were used to calculate spectral indices of heart rhythm variability (HRV). A high self-descriptiveness of wavelet transform for identification offunctional status of cardiovascular system was shown. The reduction of HRV, increase of sympathetic component in regulation and increase of vegetative balance index were observed in drivers by fatigue. The intensity of HRV changes met with occupational load level and characterized degree of individual response as well as allowed to detect exposure induced the stress. A wireless cardiorhythmography is a perspective method for creating personal monitoring system for increasing quality of the drivers' life andfor their health preservation