38 research outputs found
Spectral morphometric characterization of breast carcinoma cells
The spectral morphometric characteristics of standard haematoxylin and eosin breast carcinoma specimens were evaluated by light microscopy combined with a spectral imaging system. Light intensity at each wavelength in the range of 450–800 nm was recorded for 104 pixels from each field and represented as transmitted light spectra. A library of six characteristic spectra served to scan the cells and reconstruct new images depicting the nuclear area occupied by each spectrum. Fifteen cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma and six cases of lobular carcinoma were examined; nine of the infiltrating ductal carcinoma and three of the lobular carcinoma showed an in situ component. The spectral morphometric analysis revealed a correlation between specific patterns of spectra and different groups of breast carcinoma cells. The most consistent result was that lobular carcinoma cells of in situ and infiltrating components from all patients showed a similar spectral pattern, whereas ductal carcinoma cells displayed spectral variety. Comparison of the in situ and the infiltrating ductal solid, cribriform and comedo carcinoma cells from the same patient revealed a strong similarity of the spectral elements and their relative distribution in the nucleus. The spectrum designated as number 5 in the library incorporated more than 40% of the nuclear area in 74.08% of the infiltrating lobular cells and in 13.64% of the infiltrating ductal carcinoma cells (P < 0.001). Spectrum number 2 appeared in all infiltrating ductal cells examined and in none of the lobular cells. These results indicate that spectrum number 5 is related to infiltrating lobular carcinoma, whereas spectrum number 2 is characteristic for infiltrating ductal carcinoma cells. Spectral similarity mapping of central necrotic regions of comedo type in situ carcinoma revealed nuclear fragmentation into defined segments composed of highly condensed chromatin. We conclude that the spectral morphometric features found for lobular and ductal cell populations may serve future automated histological diagnostics. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaig
Anti-CD3 Antibody Ameliorates Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease in a Chemotherapy-Based Mouse Model With Busulfan and Fludarabine
Postoperative acute kidney injury in adult non-cardiac surgery:joint consensus report of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative and PeriOperative Quality Initiative
Postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) is a common complication of major surgery that is strongly associated with short-term surgical complications and long-term adverse outcomes, including increased risk of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events and death. Risk factors for PO-AKI include older age and comorbid diseases such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. PO-AKI is best defined as AKI occurring within 7 days of an operative intervention using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition of AKI; however, additional prognostic information may be gained from detailed clinical assessment and other diagnostic investigations in the form of a focused kidney health assessment (KHA). Prevention of PO-AKI is largely based on identification of high baseline risk, monitoring and reduction of nephrotoxic insults, whereas treatment involves the application of a bundle of interventions to avoid secondary kidney injury and mitigate the severity of AKI. As PO-AKI is strongly associated with long-term adverse outcomes, some form of follow-up KHA is essential; however, the form and location of this will be dictated by the nature and severity of the AKI. In this Consensus Statement, we provide graded recommendations for AKI after non-cardiac surgery and highlight priorities for future research
Potential use of spectral image analysis for the quantitative evaluation of estrogen receptors in breast cancer
Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER) content is an important factor in the choice of therapy and prognosis of breast cancer patients. In this study, we demonstrate a new spectral image analysis technique for objective and quantitative evaluations of stained specimens. The SpectraCubeTM system was used to analyze nuclear antigens in thirteen cases of breast cancer stained by the immunoperoxidase method with hematoxylin counterstain. Spectral imaging segregated the spectrum of diaminobenzidine (DAB) from the background color of hematoxylin and a spectral index was calculated. The spectral index essentially agreed with the pathologist's index (on a scale of 0 to 3) in seven out of the thirteen cases. A substantial number of ER positive pixels was detected in the two cases scored as 0 by the pathologist's index. In a test case scored as 1 by the pathologist's index we detected a significant number of pixels, representing 47% of the nuclei, with DAB-intensity values higher than the cut-off value of 1.2. These data suggest that spectral image analysis is a sensitive method providing intensive information with high reproducibility. Our spectral imaging method is highly flexible, enabling the user to define the spatial resolution of the analyzed specimen by choosing the number of pixels per one nucleus
The loss of calretinin expression indicates aganglionosis in Hirschsprung’s disease
Background: Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) is a congenital disorder characterised by the absence of ganglion cells in the large bowel, leading to functional obstruction and colonic dilatation proximal to the affected segment. A subclass of nerve cell bodies in both submucosa and myenteric ganglia of the human gastrointestinal tract were found to show immunopositivity for calretinin, a calcium binding protein, which plays an important role in the organisation and functioning of the central nervous system. Aim: To investigate calretinin immunostaining in ganglionic and aganglionic HD colon specimens, and compare it with staining for S100, neurone specific enolase, and c-kit. Methods: Ten large bowel, full thickness specimens from patients with classic rectosigmoid HD were selected from the pathology repository. In total, 54 paraffin wax blocks—24 from the ganglionic zone, 17 from the aganglionic zone, and 13 from the transitional zone—were processed. Results: Calretinin was not expressed in aganglionic segments of HD and associated nerve fibres, whereas in ganglionic HD segments and in normal colon both ganglion cells and nerve fibres were immunopositive. In addition, c-kit showed an altered distribution in the interstitial cells of Cajal. The transitional zone showed a broad spectrum of histomorphological and immunohistochemical patterns of both calretinin and c-kit expression. Conclusion: The absence of calretinin expression may serve as a diagnostic aid in identifying aganglionic segments in HD
Potential use of spectral image analysis for the quantitative evaluation of estrogen receptors in breast cancer
Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER) content
is an important factor in the choice of therapy and
prognosis of breast cancer patients. In this study, we
demonstrate a new spectral image analysis technique for
objective and quantitative evaluations of stained
specimens. The SpectraCubeTM system was used to
analyze nuclear antigens in thirteen cases of breast
cancer stained by the immunoperoxidase method with
hematoxylin counterstain. Spectral imaging segregated
the spectrum of diaminobenzidine (DAB) from the
background color of hematoxylin and a spectral index
was calculated. The spectral index essentially agreed
with the pathologist's index (on a scale of 0 to 3) in
seven out of the thirteen cases. A substantial number of
ER positive pixels was detected in the two cases scored
as 0 by the pathologist's index. In a test case scored as 1
by the pathologist's index we detected a significant
number of pixels, representing 47% of the nuclei, with
DAB-intensity values higher than the cut-off value of
1.2. These data suggest that spectral image analysis is a
sensitive method providing intensive information with
high reproducibility. Our spectral imaging method is
highly flexible, enabling the user to define the spatial
resolution of the analyzed specimen by choosing the
number of pixels per one nucleus