AS AN EXAMPLE OF ECOLOGICAL DEVASTATION EGIRDIR LAKE (TURKEY)

Abstract OZEN, M. R., I. I. TURNA and K. CINAR, 2008. As an example of ecological devastation Egirdir lake (Turkey). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., Egirdir Lake is placed Anatolian Peninsula in 500 km 2 , its mean depth takes 16 meters. They are made use of watering and due to oligotrphical characteristic and drinkable water besides fishing (Fish and Crayfish). Since 1950, 9 different species of fishes of Cyprinidae were lived this lake. There were cause irreversible alterations by way of implantation of pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) in here for to aim more economical production. In the first year while the while the level of prosperity of the people rising, and the following years there were obtained catching low recolte neither carp nor pike-perch catching. Local government and fisherman were negative effected in this situation, and they were implantation in the lake in early 1990. In this implantation who nobody knows Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch, 1783 was implanted in this lake. This species which is rapidly increased more rapidly growth and more become dominant species than pike-perch. Velvet fish (Tinca tinca) were implanted in Egirdir Lake in 1996. But they couldn't become any their population. They were found 10 different species by Balik et al. (2002) in Lake Egirdir. The last implantation in Egirdir Lake was silver fish (Atherina boyeri) while there were caught 80 tons carps, 300 ton pike-perch in 1985; 5.5 ton carp and 4 ton pike-perch were caught in 2004. Depend on decreasing of the pike-perch's body criterion, economical production of this fishes was also decreased. In this situation of the lake ecosystem is worried about Local government and fisherman. In this study, some hydrobiological characteristics of the lake were defined and the negative changes of the fish population were also examined

Phenological observations belonging to vegetation period of some native and exotic plant species in KTU Kanuni campus

It is possible to determine specific periods in plants during the vegetation period making phenological observations. When making phenological observations, one can be collect information about occurrence time of some events, such as sowing, germination and bud bursting. Particularly, this evidence will contribute s to the selection of species in site conditions, when making decisions about the species to be left in the field. Therefore, it is important to know blossoming time and lifespan of flowers during the seasons. If coloration of the plants to be used in the landscape design is known to depend on the season, much better compositions with the plants can be created. The aim of the paper is to reveal the differences in the beginning of vegetation of some native and exotic plant species found in the campus of Karadeniz Technical University. In this study, bud bursting times of 19 species of bud bursting dates, including 10 native trees, 5 exotic trees, 2 native shrubs and 2 exotic shrub species were investigated during the 4 phases. Thus, when observations were made for the times from swelling of the buds to the completion of the bud burst, it appeared that the bursting period for Acer platanoides L. was completed in the longest time and those for Carpinus betulus L. and Liquidambar orientalis Mill. – over the shortest time from the native species. The same period for Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC. was completed in the longest time, while for Prunus serrulata Lindl. «Kandzan» it was completed in the shortest time for the exotic species

Phase 3 KEYNOTE-042 Study: Pembrolizumab vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy as 1l Therapy for Advanced NSCLC with a PD-L1 TPS ≥1%

First-line (1L) therapy with pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic NSCLC without targetable aberrations and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50% significantly improved the primary endpoint of PFS, and OS (secondary endpoint) compared to chemotherapy in the KEYNOTE-024 study. In KEYNOTE-042 (NCT02220894), we evaluated pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy at the lower PD-L1 TPS of ≥1%

PS1 Phase 3 KEYNOTE-042 Study: Pembrolizumab vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy as 1l Therapy for Advanced NSCLC with a PD-L1 TPS ≥1%

First-line (1L) therapy with pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic NSCLC without targetable aberrations and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50% significantly improved the primary endpoint of PFS, and OS (secondary endpoint) compared to chemotherapy in the KEYNOTE-024 study. In KEYNOTE-042 (NCT02220894), we evaluated pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy at the lower PD-L1 TPS of ≥1%

Safety and efficacy of transdermal fentanyl in patients with cancer pain: phase IV, Turkish oncology group trial

We have performed a prospective evaluation of the efficacy, safety and convenience of the transdermal therapeutic system - fentanyl (TTS-F) in Turkish cancer patients when it was newly available in Turkey. Ninety-nine patients with historically confirmed malignancy and pain entered the study; the mean age was 55.1 (16-58) years. The study duration was 28 days. Transdermal therapeutic system - fentanyl was used in opioid-naive or pre-treated patients. Most patients reported a decrease in pain severity. Use of rescue medication decreased from day 4 to day 28. The majority of patients rated patch convenience of use as excellent. A total of 22.2% of patients experienced adverse events that were either probably related or very likely to be related to the study drug. The majority of the adverse events mentioned were related to the digestive system. Eighteen serious adverse events were reported by 13 patients. Six events were doubtfully related, and 12 events were not related to the study drug. Four patients died during the trial. None of these deaths was attributed to the study drug. In conclusion, the trial showed that TTS-F is easily managed, effective and will help to enable the appropriate opioid administration to patients who are suffering from cancer pain in Turkey

Intermittent catheterization in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury: Obstacles, worries, level of satisfaction

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the obstacles in people with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) face performing intermittent catheterization (IC), also their worries and level of satisfaction. Methods: Two hundred sixty-nine patients performing IC for at least 3 months were asked to fill-out a questionnaire about their opinions on IC. Results: In total, 69.5% of patients performed IC themselves, 10.4% had performed by their mothers, 7.8% by another caregiver and 7.4% by their spouse. For the 72 (26%) patients unable to apply IC, reasons were insufficient hand function (56.1%), being unable to sit appropriately (35.4%) and spasticity (8.5%). In all, 70% of male patients had insufficient hand function, 20% could not sit and 10% had spasticity while 56.3% of female patients could not sit, 37.5% had insufficient hand function and 63% had spasticity. Difference between sexes was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Worries patients had when starting IC were fear of being dependent on IC (50.2%), accidentally injuring self (43.8%), embarrassment (43.2%), causing an infection (40.2%), bleeding (32.7%), fear of feeling pain (30.2%) and hygiene (24.7%). More women felt embarrassment; other items were similar in both sexes. In all, 46.9% of patients had urinary incontinence in intervals. Conclusion: In total, 69.5% of patients performed IC themselves. Men's most common obstacle was insufficient hand function while women's was being unable to sit appropriately. Patients' most common worries were being dependent on IC for life. In all, 46.9% had incontinence in intervals; 47.9% said IC improved their life quality; and 97.4% preferred IC over continuous catheterization. © 2014 International Spinal Cord Society All rights reserved