Electrochemical determination of hydroquinone using hydrophobic ionic liquid-type carbon paste electrodes

Three types of carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) with different liquid binders were fabricated, and their electrochemical behavior was characterized via a potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) probe. 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (IL) as a hydrophobic conductive pasting binder showed better electrochemical performance compared with the commonly employed binder. The IL-contained CPEs demonstrated excellent electroactivity for oxidation of hydroquinone. A diffusion control mechanism was confirmed and the diffusion coefficient (D) of 5.05 × 10-4 cm2 s-1 was obtained. The hydrophobic IL-CPE is promising for the determination of hydroquinone in terms of high sensitivity, easy operation, and good durability

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Nafion® as advanced immobilisation substrate for the voltammetric analysis of electroactive microparticles: the case of some artistic colouring agents

Voltammetry of microparticles is applied to characterise and to identify solid analytes of interest in the field of cultural heritage. Nafion® is used for the immobilisation of solid microparticles onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode by exploiting the deposition onto the electrode surface of a micro-volume of a suspension of the microsample in polymeric solution. Cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry are applied to characterise and to identify the microparticles immobilised in the Nafion® coating. The analyte studied in this work is Prussian Blue as a typical inorganic pigment, with a relatively simple electrochemical behaviour. The proposed method is applied to a sample of Venetian marmorino plaster. The performance of Nafion® for this analysis is compared with that of the polymer Paraloid B72

Synthesis and Electrochemical Sensing Toward Heavy Metals of Bunch-like Bismuth Nanostructures

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Large-scale bunch-like bismuth (Bi) nanostructures were the first time to be synthesized via two-step electrochemical deposition. The growth mechanism of the nanostructures was discussed. Such a designed bunch-like Bi electrode has high sensitivity to detect the heavy metal ions due to its unique three-dimensional structures and strong ability of adsorbing the heavy metal ions. The bunch-like Bi electrode&#8217;s detection of heavy metals was statically performed using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The detection in the Pb(II) concentration range of 2.5&#8211;50 &#956;g/l was also performed. Based on the experimental results, this bunch-like Bi electrode can be considered as an interesting alternative to common mercury electrodes and bismuth film electrodes for possible use in electrochemical studies and electroanalytical applications.</p