A Phenomenological Expression for Deuteron Electromagnetic Form Factors Based on Perturbative QCD Predictions

For deuteron electromagnetic form factors,perturbative QCD(pQCD) predicts that $G^{+}_{00}$ becomes the dominate helicity amplitude and that $G^{+}_{+0}$ and $G^{+}_{+-}$ are suppressed by factors $\Lambda_{\rm QCD}/Q$ and $\Lambda_{\rm QCD}^2/Q^2$ at large $Q^2$,respectively. We try to discuss the higher order corrections beyond the pQCD asymptotic predictions by interpolating an analytical form to the intermediate energy region. From fitting the data,our results show that the helicity-zero to zero matrix element $G^{+}_{00}$ dominates the gross structure function $A(Q^2)$ in both of the large and intermediate energy regions; it is a good approximation for $G^{+}_{+-}$ to ignore the higher order contributions and the higher order corrections to $G^{+}_{+0}$ should be taken into account due to sizeable contributions in the intermediate energy region.Comment: 9 pages,3 figure

Improving Pupils’ Attitude to English Learning and Cultural Understanding through Email Exchange: an Action Research Project in a Secondary School in Taiwan

Electronic mail (e-mail) has been widely used in communication for many years. The main purpose of this action research was to explore whether utilizing an email exchange project can enhance secondary school pupils’ motivation and attitude to language learning and improve their intercultural learning. This was a collaborative intercultural email exchange project between two secondary schools, one in north east of Taiwan and another one in the USA. The researcher sought to identify the attitudes of and concepts of learners and teachers towards the email exchange. This study adopted qualitative and quantitative methods. However, there was more focus on qualitative data in order to determine if the project improved the pupils’ attitude to learning English and develop their intercultural communicative competence. In order to ensure trustworthiness, multiple data collection instruments were employed in this study. The findings show that using e-mail can benefit pupils in their language and intercultural learning. The study examines outcomes and factors that made the project successful. It sets the research in the context of a theoretical framework and Taiwan education policy and suggestions for further work and research of this kind. The limitations of this study are also discussed

Protective effect of rhamnopyranosyl vanilloyl isolated from Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl (Scrophulariaceae) root against acute liver injury in mice

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of rhamnopyranosyl vanilloyl (RV) from Scrophularia ningpoensis root against tetrachloromethane (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in mice.Methods: RV was isolated from S. ningpoensis by column chromatography. ALI  model of mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. Liver index, liver function indices, as well as serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate  aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were evaluated. Lipid peroxidation (LPO)-related indices, including malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3) in liver tissue were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot.Results: After treatment with RV (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg), liver index (5.65 - 5.21 vs. 6.68 %), ALT (90.18 - 79.68 vs. 112.47 U/L), AST (64.44 - 57.63 vs. 75.41 U/L) and TBIL (2.68 - 1.95 vs. 3.21 U/L) activities, as well as MDA (3.58 - 2.88 vs. 4.13 μmol/g), Bax and caspase-3 levels significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01) decreased, compared with those in control group. After treatment with RV (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg), GSH (16.58 - 22.14 vs. 12.34 μmol/g), Bcl-2, SOD (86.45 - 107.61 vs. 68.43 U/mg) and GSH-Px (295.64 - 329.47 vs. 268.49 U/mg) levels or activities  significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01) increased, compared with those in control group.Conclusion: RV has protective effect against CCl4-induced ALI in mice, and the mechanisms involve the inhibition of LPO and apoptosis in liver cells. Thus, RV is a potential drug for the treatment of liver injuryKeywords: Rhamnopyranosyl vanilloyl, Scrophularia ningpoensis, Liver injury,  Protective effect, Lipid peroxidation, Apoptosi

Session-Based Recommendation by Exploiting Substitutable and Complementary Relationships from Multi-behavior Data

Session-based recommendation (SR) aims to dynamically recommend items to a user based on a sequence of the most recent user-item interactions. Most existing studies on SR adopt advanced deep learning methods. However, the majority only consider a special behavior type (e.g., click), while those few considering multi-typed behaviors ignore to take full advantage of the relationships between products (items). In this case, the paper proposes a novel approach, called Substitutable and Complementary Relationships from Multi-behavior Data (denoted as SCRM) to better explore the relationships between products for effective recommendation. Specifically, we firstly construct substitutable and complementary graphs based on a user's sequential behaviors in every session by jointly considering `click' and `purchase' behaviors. We then design a denoising network to remove false relationships, and further consider constraints on the two relationships via a particularly designed loss function. Extensive experiments on two e-commerce datasets demonstrate the superiority of our model over state-of-the-art methods, and the effectiveness of every component in SCRM.Comment: 31 pages,11 figures, accepted by Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery(2023

Sub-arcsec Observations of NGC 7538 IRS 1: Continuum Distribution and Dynamics of Molecular Gas

We report new results based on the analysis of the SMA and CARMA observations of NGC 7538\,IRS\,1 at 1.3 and 3.4 mm with sub-arcsec resolutions. With angular resolutions $\sim$ 0\farcs7, the SMA and CARMA observations show that the continuum emission at 1.3 and 3.4 mm from the hyper-compact \ion{H}{2} region IRS\,1 is dominated by a compact source with a tail-like extended structure to the southwest of IRS\,1. With a CARMA B-array image at 1.3 mm convolved to 0\farcs1, we resolve the hyper-compact \ion{H}{2} region into two components: an unresolved hyper-compact core, and a north-south extension with linear sizes of $<270$ AU and $\sim$2000 AU, respectively. The fine structure observed with CARMA is in good agreement with the previous VLA results at centimeter wavelengths, suggesting that the hyper-compact \ion{H}{2} region at the center of IRS\,1 is associated with an ionized bipolar outflow. We image the molecular lines OCS(19-18) and CH$_3$CN(12-11) as well as $^{13}$CO(2-1) surrounding IRS\,1, showing a velocity gradient along the southwest-northeast direction. The spectral line profiles in $^{13}$CO(2-1), CO(2-1), and HCN(1-0) observed toward IRS\,1 show broad redshifted absorption, providing evidence for gas infall with rates in the range of $3-10\times10^{-3}$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ inferred from our observations.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figure

BIOMECHANICAL EFFECT OF JUMPING SPEED ON THE PYRAMIDING BOX HOPS

The purpose of this study was to compare three different jumping speeds (60 bpm, 75 bpm and 90 bpm) while performing pyramiding box hops in order to investigate the optimal rate for post-injured athletes in the return to sport phase of rehabilitation. Twelve healthy, competitive male athletes with specialty in jump were recruited from track and field team. Kinematical and kinetic data of lower extremities were collected via three-dimensional motion analysis system and two force plateforms. One-way ANOVA (SPSS) was used to determine difference among rates. Less hip adduction, knee valgus and knee valgus/varus moments were found at the rate of 90 bpm. Therefore, performing pyramiding box hops at the rate of 90 bpm may be more pertinent for post-injured athletes with ACL injury

Tetra­ethyl­ammonium trichlorido(η6-p-cymene)ruthenate(II)

In the title salt, [(C2H5)4N][RuCl3(C10H14)], the RuII atom shows an octa­hedral coordination in which the aromatic ring of the p-cymene mol­ecule occupies three coordination positions