56 research outputs found
Precision Muon Tracking Detectors for High-Energy Hadron Colliders
Small-diameter muon drift tube (sMDT) chambers with 15 mm tube diameter are a
cost-effective technology for high-precision muon tracking over large areas at
high background rates as expected at future high-energy hadron colliders
including HL-LHC. The chamber design and construction procedures have been
optimized for mass production and provide sense wire positioning accuracy of
better than 10 ?m. The rate capability of the sMDT chambers has been
extensively tested at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility. It exceeds the one
of the ATLAS muon drift tube (MDT) chambers, which are operated at
unprecedentedly high background rates of neutrons and gamma-rays, by an order
of magnitude, which is sufficient for almost the whole muon detector acceptance
at FCC-hh at maximum luminosity. sMDT operational and construction experience
exists from ATLAS muon spectrometer upgrades which are in progress or under
preparation for LHC Phase 1 and 2
Construction and Test of New Precision Drift-Tube Chambers for the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer
ATLAS muon detector upgrades aim for increased acceptance for muon triggering
and precision tracking and for improved rate capability of the muon chambers in
the high-background regions of the detector with increasing LHC luminosity. The
small-diameter Muon Drift Tube (sMDT) chambers have been developed for these
purposes. With half of the drift-tube diameter of the MDT chambers and
otherwise unchanged operating parameters, sMDT chambers share the advantages of
the MDTs, but have an order of magnitude higher rate capability and can be
installed in detector regions where MDT chambers do not fit in. The chamber
assembly methods have been optimized for mass production, minimizing
construction time and personnel. Sense wire positioning accuracies of 5 ?micons
have been achieved in serial production for large-size chambers comprising
several hundred drift tubes. The construction of new sMDT chambers for
installation in the 2016/17 winter shutdown of the LHC and the design of sMDT
chambers in combination with new RPC trigger chambers for replacement of the
inner layer of the barrel muon spectrometer are in progress
Precision Muon Tracking at Future Hadron Colliders with sMDT Chambers
Small-diameter muon drift tube (sMDT) chambers are a cost-effective
technology for high-precision muon tracking. The rate capability of the sMDT
chambers has been extensively tested at the Gamma Irradiation Facility at CERN
in view of expected rates at future high-energy hadron colliders. Results show
that it fulfills the requirements over most of the acceptance of muon
detectors. The optimization of the read-out electronics to further increase the
rate capability of the detectors is discussed. Chambers of this type are under
construction for upgrades of the muon spectrometer of the ATLAS detector at
high LHC luminosities. Design and construction procedures have been optimized
for mass production while providing a precision of better than 10 micrometers
in the sense wire positions and the mechanical stability required to cover
large areas.Comment: 5 pages, 12 figures; conference proceedings for IEEE NSS & MIC
conference, San Diego, 201
High Rate Proton Irradiation of 15mm Muon Drifttubes
Future LHC luminosity upgrades will significantly increase the amount of
background hits from photons, neutrons and protons in the detectors of the
ATLAS muon spectrometer. At the proposed LHC peak luminosity of 5*10^34
1/cm^2s, background hit rates of more than 10 kHz/cm^2 are expected in the
innermost forward region, leading to a loss of performance of the current
tracking chambers. Based on the ATLAS Monitored Drift Tube chambers, a new high
rate capable drift tube detecor using tubes with a reduced diameter of 15mm was
developed. To test the response to highly ionizing particles, a prototype
chamber of 46 15mm drift tubes was irradiated with a 20 MeV proton beam at the
tandem accelerator at the Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory, Munich. Three tubes in a
planar layer were irradiated while all other tubes were used for reconstruction
of cosmic muon tracks through irradiated and non-irradiated parts of the
chamber. To determine the rate capability of the 15mm drift-tubes we
investigated the effect of the proton hit rate on pulse height, efficiency and
spatial resolution of the cosmic muon signals
Optimisation of the Read-out Electronics of Muon Drift-Tube Chambers for Very High Background Rates at HL-LHC and Future Colliders
In the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer, Monitored Drift Tube (MDT) chambers and sMDT
chambers with half of the tube diameter of the MDTs are used for precision muon
track reconstruction. The sMDT chambers are designed for operation at high
counting rates due to neutron and gamma background irradiation expected for the
HL-LHC and future hadron colliders. The existing MDT read-out electronics uses
bipolar signal shaping which causes an undershoot of opposite polarity and same
charge after a signal pulse. At high counting rates and short electronics dead
time used for the sMDTs, signal pulses pile up on the undershoot of preceding
background pulses leading to a reduction of the signal amplitude and a jitter
in the drift time measurement and, therefore, to a degradation of drift tube
efficiency and spatial resolution. In order to further increase the rate
capability of sMDT tubes, baseline restoration can be used in the read-out
electronics to suppress the pile-up effects. A discrete bipolar shaping circuit
with baseline restoration has been developed and used for reading out sMDT
tubes under irradiation with a 24 MBq 90Sr source. The measurements results
show a substantial improvement of the performance of the sMDT tubes at high
counting rates
Performance of Drift-Tube Detectors at High Counting Rates for High-Luminosity LHC Upgrades
The performance of pressurized drift-tube detectors at very high background
rates has been studied at the Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF) at CERN and in
an intense 20 MeV proton beam at the Munich Van-der-Graaf tandem accelerator
for applications in large-area precision muon tracking at high-luminosity
upgrades of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The ATLAS muon drifttube (MDT)
chambers with 30 mm tube diameter have been designed to cope with and neutron
background hit rates of up to 500 Hz/square cm. Background rates of up to 14
kHz/square cm are expected at LHC upgrades. The test results with standard MDT
readout electronics show that the reduction of the drift-tube diameter to 15
mm, while leaving the operating parameters unchanged, vastly increases the rate
capability well beyond the requirements. The development of new small-diameter
muon drift-tube (sMDT) chambers for LHC upgrades is completed. Further
improvements of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution at high counting
rates will be achieved with upgraded readout electronics employing improved
signal shaping for high counting rates
Antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling across an amorphous metallic spacer layer
By means of magneto-optical Kerr effect we observe for the first time
antiferromagnetic coupling between ferromagnetic layers across an amorphous
metallic spacer layer. Biquadratic coupling occurs at the transition from a
ferromagnetically to an antiferromagnetically coupled region. Scanning
tunneling microscopy images of all involved layers are used to extract
thickness fluctuations and to verify the amorphous state of the spacer. The
observed antiferromagnetic coupling behavior is explained by RKKY interaction
taking into account the amorphous structure of the spacer material.Comment: Typset using RevTex, 4 pages with 4 figures (.eps
Performance of the new amplifier-shaper-discriminator chip for the ATLAS MDT chambers at the HL-LHC
The Phase-II Upgrade of the ATLAS Muon Detector requires new electronics for
the readout of the MDT drift tubes. The first processing stage, the
Amplifier-Shaper-Discriminator (ASD), determines the performance of the readout
for crucial parameters like time resolution, gain uniformity, efficiency and
noise rejection. An 8-channel ASD chip, using the IBM 130 nm CMOS 8RF-DM
technology, has been designed, produced and tested. The area of the chip is 2.2
x 2.9 square mm size. We present results of detailed measurements as well as a
comparision with simulation results of the chip behaviour at three different
levels of detail
Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements
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