The Relationship between Anthropometric Factors and Iron Deficiency Anemia Factors

Background: Iron deficiency is often observed in obese individuals. The prevalence of obesity has increased at an epidemic rate. A few small studies have noted a possible association between iron deficiency and obesity. The purpose of the study has been determined relationship between anthropometric including body mass index and the size of abdomen and iron-shortage anemia.Materials and Methods: Descriptive, analytical, and cross sectional methods of research have been applied in the study. The instruments used to collect the data were a set of organized items in the questionnaire and a checklist contained the measurement of abdominal obesity, height, weight, BMI, the results of ferritin levels, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and TIBC and MCV. The tools were validated via content validity and test-retest. The participants were the staff (n=300) of Hamadan branch, Islamic Azad university, Iran, who were selected via census sampling technique. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, that is, chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient, and ANOVA were run using SPSS software.Results: 48.4% had overweight and 43.9% had various degrees of general obesity. 45.7% of women and 1.9% of men suffered from abdominal obesity. 3.2% of men had ferritin levels less than 20ng/dl and 79.2% of them had high levels of TIBC, while 31.5% of women had ferritin serum less than 12ng per dl and 73.9% of them had high TIBC. There was a significant relationship between abdominal obesity and TIBC, HB, HCT, and ferritin serum (p<0.0005).Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the high prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity and their relationship with iron deficiency anemia. These are non-communicable disease, which are directly related to the lifestyle

NO SIGNIFICANT RESPONSE OF SERUM TNF-Α TO SINGLE BOUT EXERCISE IN ADULT OBESE INDIVIDUALS

ABSTRACT Accumulating evidence suggest that obesity is associated with low grade inflammation. TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine and related with insulin resistance and chronic metabolic diseases. In present study, we aimed to determine acute and recovery response of serum TNF-α to one bout exercise in nontrained adult obese men aged 39.2 (1.60) years and 93 (7.5) kg of body weight. Blood samples were obtained pre and immediately and 60 min and 24 hour after exercise test in fourteen non-trained obese men. Significant difference in serum TNF-α between pre-test and acute or recovery response to exercise test was determined by repeated-measures ANOVA. Data by statistical analysis showed no significant differences in serum TNF-α between pre-test and acute or recovery response to exercise. Based on these data, it is concluded that acute moderate exercise can not affect acute or recovery of serum TNF-α in obese subjects

Study of drug resistance of Staphylococcus aurous and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from environmental samples of Hamadan educational hospitals in 2017 using disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration

Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most important bacteria causing the nosocomial infections, which are resistant to most of the antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the drug resistance of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains isolated from environmental samples of Hamedan educational hospitals using disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 400 samples were collected from Hamedan educational hospitals. To assess the antibiotic susceptibility of 10 common antibiotics, the agar dilution (Kirby-Bauer) method was used. Also, to determine the MIC of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics were used. Results: From a total of 400 samples, 39 (9.7) isolates were P. aeruginosa and 28 (7) were S. aureus. Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest resistance to ofloxacin (82.1) and the highest drug resistance to P. aeruginosa was related to meropenem (82). Also, the highest MIC and maximum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for S. aureus to vancomycin were 128 and 256, respectively. In P. aeruginosa, the highest MIC and MBC to ciprofloxacin were 128 and 256, respectively. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus and P. aeruginosa showed the highest resistance to ofloxacin and meropenem, respectively. Considering the rapid increase of antibiotic resistance, accurate evaluation of the antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacteria is required

Integration of a Combined Cycle Power Plant with MED-RO Desalination Based on Conventional and Advanced Exergy, Exergoeconomic, and Exergoenvironmental Analyses

The ever-increasing world population, change in lifestyle, and limited natural water and energy resources have made industrial seawater desalination plants the leading contenders for cost-efficient freshwater production. In this study, the integration of a combined cycle power plant (CCPP) with multi-effect distillation (MED) and reverse osmosis (RO) desalination units is investigated through comprehensive conventional and advanced exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental analyses. Firstly, the thermodynamic modelling of the CCPP is performed by using a mathematical programming procedure. Then, a mathematical model is developed for the integration of the existing CCPP plant with MED and RO desalination units. Finally, conventional and advanced exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental analyses are carried out to assess the main performance parameters of the integrated CCPP and MED-RO desalination system, as well as to identify potential technical, economic, and environmental improvements. A case study is presented based on the Shahid Salimi Neka power plant located at the north of Iran along the Caspian Sea. The mathematical modelling approach for the integrated CCPP and MED-RO desalination system is solved in MATLAB, and the results are validated via Thermoflex software. The results reveal an increase of 3.79% in fuel consumption after the integration of the CCPP with the desalination units. The exergy efficiency of the integrated system is 42.7%, and the highest cost of exergy destruction of the combustion chamber is 1.09 US$per second. Economic and environmental analyses of the integrated system also show that gas turbines present the highest investment cost of 0.047 US$ per second. At the same time, MED exhibits the highest environmental impact rate of 0.025 points per second

The Invivo activity of Lavandula angustifolia on Giardia lamblia in souri miceThe Invivo activity of Lavandula angustifolia on Giardia lamblia in souri mice

Introduction Giardia lamblia is one of the most prevalent flagellate protozoa in human with the world-wide distribution. Millions of people are affected by Giardiasis annually. Today, many treatments are available for giardiasis that associated with some side effects. This study is aimed to evaluate the antigiardial activity of Lavandula angustifolia in vivo. Materials and Methods In this study 25 mice are categorized in 5 groups include; Control group (without any treatment), Positive control (treatment by Metronidazole) and other three groups (treatment by 100, 200 and 400 mg/ml of Plant extracts). Then, after 10 days, the effects of each group are evaluated on the Giardia lamblia. The statistical methods used were based on one-way variance analysis and paired t-comparison that were used in the usual way for normal values in the Bootstrap method for values that were not distributed normalized according to the low sample size. Results In this study, the body weights of treated mice with different extracts were more than the  positive control and less than the negative control. Also, the live cysts were decreased 77.7, 83.4 and 95.1% by the use of 100, 200 and 400 mg/ml of plant extracts. Conclusion The results of the current study indicated that Lavandula angustifolia has conceivable effects in vivo and it will be a suitable alternative for treatment of Giardiasis

Protective effects of Elettaria cardamomum L. hydroalcoholic extract on serum levels of Gonadotropins and Testosterone in adult male wistar rats induced with Lead acetate

Background and Objectives: Lead exposure exerts extremely damaging effects over reproduction system. Elettaria cardamomum has several medicinal properties. This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Elettaria cardamomum L. (dried fruit) hydroalcoholic extract on serum levels of gonadotropins and testosterone among lead acetate-induced adult male wistar rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 36 adult male wistar rats (220-250 gr) were randomly allocated equally into 6 groups. Animals in control group received 0.5 ml normal saline, while the other groups were; extract group 400 mg/kg, the group receiving lead acetate 500ppm in drinking water and experimental group receiving orally lead acetate 500ppm + extract group 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. The duration of the test was 28 days. Treatment with the extract lasted for a week. In the end of examination, after anaesthetizing, blood samples were collected directly from heart and serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH hormones were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and one-way ANOVA P-values lower than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Results: The mean serum level of testosterone in experimental  groups receiving lead acetate 500ppm + Elettaria cardamomum L. hydroalcoholic extract was significantly increased in all three doses and  the mean serum levels of  LH and FSH was significantly decreased in comparison to the group receiving lead acetate. The effectiveness was markedly dose-dependent. Conclusion: The present study showed that Elettaria cardamomum L. hydroalcoholic extract have significant effects on the serum levels of testosterone and gonadotropins. However, more precise studies are needed to investigate the involved mechanisms

The expression of the miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 profiling and evaluation the serum lipid in antimony-susceptible and resistance patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis

Background & objectives: The current investigation was carried out to evaluate the expression of MicroRNAs miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 and lipid profile in antimony-susceptible and resistance patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods: Lesion and blood samples were collected from 27 antimony-resistance and 27 antimony-susceptible patients. mRNA was extracted and synthase to the cDNA using commercial kits according to the manufacturers’ guideline. The expression of miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 were evaluated using Real-Time PCR technique. The serum lipid profiles were measured by enzymatic methods. Results: Our results indicated that the expression of miR-193, miR-122 and miR-155 was significantly higher in antimony-susceptible patients. The results of current study indicated that downregulation of miRNAs is coupled with low serum LDL-C and triglyceride. Interpretation & conclusion: The downregulation of miRNAs and decrease in lipid levels may be one of the mechanisms of the parasite to escape from host immune system