Investigation the Response of Rapeseed Cultivars to Moisture Regimes in Different Growth Stages

In order to evaluate the response of rapeseed cultivars to moisture regimes and correlation analysis in different growth stages, a field experiment was conducted in 2006-7 in seed and plant improvement institute of Karaj, Iran. Results showed that number of pods per plant, pod length, stem diameter, 1000-seed weight, oil seed content and branch numbers per plant were reduced significantly under water deficit stress. Also, grain yield was decreased more than biological yield and this resulted in decreased harvest index. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that number of pods per plant, number of seeds per main and secondary pod, 1000-seed weight, pod length, biological yield and oil seed content had positive and significant correlation with seed yield. Stopping the irrigation from flowering stage also had undesirable effect on seed yield and its components. Among cultivars, Opera cultivar produced more seed yield (4053 kg ha-1) than the others under normal irrigation and under water deficit stress conditions, Zarfam cultivar had the maximum seed yield during stem elongation (3569 kg ha-1), flowering (2135 kg ha-1) and podding stages (2476 kg ha-1). Okapi had the least changes of oil content than other cultivars. Based on the result of this study can be concluded that Zarfam cultivar had better capability to tolerate drought stress and could produce greater seed yield under stress condition

Agronomic Evaluation of Rapeseed Varieties (Brassica napus L.) in Response to Late-Season Water Deficit Stress

Drought is a wide spread limiting problem seriously influencing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) growth, production and quality, mostly in dryland regions. However, identification and development of resistant varieties is prohibited by destitute of effective selection criteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevention possibility of rapeseed varieties against terminal-season water deficit stress through selecting suitable varieties. Thirty-four rapeseed varieties were tested in a split plot design based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications for two years (2005- 2006 and 2006-2007) at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Karaj, Iran. Two irrigation levels consisting of irrigation after 80 mm evaporation from class “A” pan during full growing season as normal irrigation (I) and water deficit stress (S) by restricting watering from the flowering phase until full maturity were established in main plots, and subplots were devoted to split application of varieties. Water deficit stress caused noticeable decrease in plant height, silique plant-1, seed silique-1, 1000-kernel weight, seed yield, oil percentage, oil yield and harvest index. There were significant positive correlations between seed yield and yield-related components. Meanwhile, the highest correlation was recorded for number of seeds per siliqua (r= 0.64; P<0.01), suggesting that late-season water deficit stress could be used in selecting drough tolerant varieties. Among varieties, ‘Sunday’ produced the highest seed yield (4938 kg ha-1) and oil yield (2317 kg ha -1) in normal irrigation, and ‘ORW20-3002’ had the highest seed yield (2348 kg ha-1) and oil yield (1000 kg ha -1) in water deficit stress conditions. Accordingly, ‘ORW20-3002’ and ‘Sunday’ can be reported as varieties with sustainable productivity in stress and nonstress conditions

-Planning Multi-Stage Rework Production System Considering Energy Consumption

Today, in order to maximize the productivity, sales and profits of factories, variousfactors must be considered. One of these factors is energy saving, which leads tosuccess in any businesses. Another important factor is rework in the productionprocess, which reduces waste and optimal use of resources. In this research, a linearmathematical programming model has been developed for a multi-stage productionsystem considering energy consumption and the possibility of rework. The objectivefunction of the model is calculated from a combination of energy costs and rawmaterial costs, and the proposed model has three categories of balance constraints,demand constraints and time constraints. The balance constraints, the task ofcalculating the number of raw materials required and the amount of input materialsto each part of the production stage, the demand constraints are the task ofcalculating the number of final products, and the inventory and time constraints arealso the task of calculating the time available to the production of each product.A hypothetical production system is flow shop. To understand the proposed modelbetter, a logical example is designed and solved and analyzed using GAMS software. In the current situation , energy consumption is one of the concerns of policy makers in the fields of production and industry , and therefore this research with the proposed model , helps decision makers in manufacturing industries to ensure optimal energy consumption , optimal decisions in adopt multi -stage rework and production conditio

Reverse Triage to Increase the Hospital Surge Capacity in Disaster Response

Introduction: Successful and effective management of large-scale disasters and epidemics requires pre-established systematic plans to minimize the damage and control the situation. With an increasing number of people in need of urgent medical care, hospitals must improve their response capacity, being at the forefront of responding to disasters and incidents. One way to develop the hospital capacity in disaster response is by reverse triage (RT). Objective: The current study was conducted to investigate the role of RT to create additional hospital surge capacity in one of the major referral academic hospitals of Isfahan, Iran. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 at Al-Zahra Subspecialty Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. The ten most common diseases leading to hospitalization in each ward of the hospital in 2014 were reviewed and, based on the prevalence, sorted and listed. Academic instructions for making a decision and possibility of early discharge was written and approved by an expert panel. On a day that was not set previously, the pre-selected in-charge person of each department was asked to run the RT following the instructions, and the number and percentage of those who were eligible for discharge via RT were determined. Results: The total BOR in Al-Zahra Hospital in 2014 was about 80%, so it was estimated that almost 140 out of 700 beds are vacant. The results showed that by using RT, 108 (20%) hospitalized cases could be discharged, and considering the bed occupancy rate of about 80% and 140 vacant beds, a total of 248 beds could be provided following RT. Conclusion: Running RT in 41 wards and units of Isfahan Al-Zahra Hospital, on average, added 108 beds to the hospital capacity. This increment is not the same in all wards, as the role of intensive care units in RT for surge capacity is insignificant

Reverse Triage to Increase the Hospital Surge Capacity in Disaster Response

Introduction: Successful and effective management of large-scale disasters and epidemics requires pre-established systematic plans to minimize the damage and control the situation. With an increasing number of people in need of urgent medical care, hospitals must improve their response capacity, being at the forefront of responding to disasters and incidents. One way to develop the hospital capacity in disaster response is by reverse triage (RT). Objective: The current study was conducted to investigate the role of RT to create additional hospital surge capacity in one of the major referral academic hospitals of Isfahan, Iran. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 at Al-Zahra Subspecialty Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. The ten most common diseases leading to hospitalization in each ward of the hospital in 2014 were reviewed and, based on the prevalence, sorted and listed. Academic instructions for making a decision and possibility of early discharge was written and approved by an expert panel. On a day that was not set previously, the pre-selected in-charge person of each department was asked to run the RT following the instructions, and the number and percentage of those who were eligible for discharge via RT were determined. Results: The total BOR in Al-Zahra Hospital in 2014 was about 80%, so it was estimated that almost 140 out of 700 beds are vacant. The results showed that by using RT, 108 (20%) hospitalized cases could be discharged, and considering the bed occupancy rate of about 80% and 140 vacant beds, a total of 248 beds could be provided following RT. Conclusion: Running RT in 41 wards and units of Isfahan Al-Zahra Hospital, on average, added 108 beds to the hospital capacity. This increment is not the same in all wards, as the role of intensive care units in RT for surge capacity is insignificant

Agronomic Evaluation of Rapeseed Varieties (Brassica napus L.) in Response to Late-Season Water Deficit Stress

Drought is a wide spread limiting problem seriously influencing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) growth, production and quality, mostly in dryland regions. However, identification and development of resistant varieties is prohibited by destitute of effective selection criteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevention possibility of rapeseed varieties against terminal-season water deficit stress through selecting suitable varieties. Thirty-four rapeseed varieties were tested in a split plot design based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications for two years (2005- 2006 and 2006-2007) at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Karaj, Iran. Two irrigation levels consisting of irrigation after 80 mm evaporation from class “A” pan during full growing season as normal irrigation (I) and water deficit stress (S) by restricting watering from the flowering phase until full maturity were established in main plots, and subplots were devoted to split application of varieties. Water deficit stress caused noticeable decrease in plant height, silique plant-1, seed silique-1, 1000-kernel weight, seed yield, oil percentage, oil yield and harvest index. There were significant positive correlations between seed yield and yield-related components. Meanwhile, the highest correlation was recorded for number of seeds per siliqua (r= 0.64; P<0.01), suggesting that late-season water deficit stress could be used in selecting drough tolerant varieties. Among varieties, ‘Sunday’ produced the highest seed yield (4938 kg ha-1) and oil yield (2317 kg ha -1) in normal irrigation, and ‘ORW20-3002’ had the highest seed yield (2348 kg ha-1) and oil yield (1000 kg ha -1) in water deficit stress conditions. Accordingly, ‘ORW20-3002’ and ‘Sunday’ can be reported as varieties with sustainable productivity in stress and nonstress conditions

Effects of solid manure particle fractionation on transport, retention, and release of Escherichia coli

Understanding the effect of manure particle fractionation on transport, retention, and release of bacteria plays a critical role in manure management and environmental policies that address soil and water bacterial pollution. Compared to soil particle size, there is less understanding of the importance of solid manure particle size and fractionation on bacterial fate and transport in soils. Four different cow manure particle sizes (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mm) were used to investigate Escherichia coli fate in a saturated loamy sand soil. Leaching experiments were performed for up to 20 pore volumes. Preferential transport of chloride mitigated as manure particle size increased. The larger manure fractions (1 and 2 mm) showed greater heterogeneity in bacteria transport and release; smaller manure fractions (0.25 and 0.5 mm) had a greater bacteria retention with retarded release. Bacteria release was associated with transport and re-entrainment of manure particles through soil columns. The results highlighted the contribution of fine and transported particles as of primary importance for retention near the surface and transporting bacteria in soil. Similar retention shapes (i.e., exponential) for different fractions illustrated the similarity of manure source, where greater retention was observed at 0−3 cm depth for the smallest (0.25 mm) and largest (2 mm) manure fractions. The findings also highlighted the dependency of bacteria transport, retention, and release on manure physical fractionation, which should be considered in managing soil and manure practices in the field. © 2021 The Author

Effect of Achillea millefolium, Artemisia absinthium & Juglans regia leaves extracts on Trichomonas vaginalis, in vitra

Background and aim: Genitourinary infections are of womens hygienic problems in health care systems. Trichomoniasis is one of the most important sexual diseases which are treated with Metronidazole. Due to side effects of the drug and also tendency of people in using herbal medicine, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of three herbs, Achillea millefolium, Artemisia absinthium and Juglans regia leaves extracts, on Trichomonas vaginalis. Methods: In an experimental study, ten tubes were selected and the extracts of these three herbs Achillea millefolium, Artemisia absinthium and Juglans regia leaf extracts with concentrations of 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/ml were prepared. Then different concentrations of Metronidazole and the three herbs extracts were diluted in 2%DMSO and added to the cell cultures. After 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours, samples were tested for dead or alive and also for their mobility of the parasite. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test. Results: The extracts of these three herbs caused an increase in immobility of the parasites. The rate of immobility had direct relationship with time and immobility was continuously increased after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The results were suggestive that Achillea millefolium, Artemisia absinthium & Juglans regia hydroalcoholic exteracts were significantly more effective in reduction of parasites, in vitro (P<0.05) however, Metronidazole after half an hour caused immobility of parasite versus 24 hour for plant extract. Conclusion: Our study showed that the extracts of the three mentioned herbs had effect on growth of Trichomonas vaginalis however, further studies are needed to show the effects of these herbs in animal models and volunteer infected people

Evaluation of Drought Tolerance in Rapeseed Genotypes under Non Stress and Drought Stress Conditions

Drought is a wide spread problem seriously influencing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) production, mostly in dryland regions. This study was conducted to determine drought tolerance genotypes with superiority in different stressed environments. Twenty three rapeseed genotypes were tested in a split plot design based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications in two years (2008- 2009 and 2009-2010) at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Karaj, Iran. Seven drought resistance indices include susceptible stress index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), stress mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield index (YI) and yield stability index (YSI) were applied on the basis of seed yield in non stress and drought stress conditions. Based on different drought indices, genotypes �Modena�, �Geronimo�, �Elite�, �Syn-4� and �SLM046� had the best rank with low standard deviation. The results indicated that they have stable yield performance. Bi-plot display and cluster analysis cleared superiority of these genotypes in both years. The synthetic derived cultivars could perform well across all environments with better agronomic performance. Results showed MP, GMP and YI indices were more effective in identifying high yielding cultivars in diverse water scarcity

Huge ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm 13 years after Bental surgery with tube graft

Pseudoaneurysms of the ascending aorta are rare, disastrous complications of surgical manipulation of the aorta and its surroundings. They frequently require emergency surgical intervention due to a high risk of sudden rupture and hemorrhage. We herein present the case of a pseudoaneurysm (130 mm in diameter) of the ascending aorta with a compressive effect on the left atrium and right coronary artery ostium at the site of a tube graft implanted 13 years previously via the Bental procedure in a 34 year-old man. The susceptibility of these pseudoaneurysms to silently increase in size through the years leads to a delayed diagnosis, with an increased risk of rupture and mortality, necessitating long-term follow-ups with a view to detecting it in the initial stages, when it is easier to perform surgical or endovascular interventions with a lower risk of mortality. (Cardiol J 2011; 18, 2: 185-188