Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in quality of life and hope among patients with multiple sclerosis

Introduction: The present study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy in quality of life and hope among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, 20 MS patients were selected through available sampling among the patients in Mashhad Multiple Sclerosis Association in 2016 and were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups, each containing 10 subjects. The experimental group underwent cognitive-behavioral group therapy in 10 weekly sessions of 2 hours and the control group did not receive this treatment. In the pretest and posttest, Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Form (SF-36) and Snyder ‎Adult Hope Scale (AHS)‎ were implemented on all the subjects of the experimental and control groups. Data was analyzed using analysis of covariance and t-test.Results: The results demonstrated that cognitive-behavioral group therapy significantly leads to increased overall index of quality of life and hope (p<0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Further, out of quality of life components, dimensions of physical function, role limitation due to physical problems, fatigue or vitality, emotional health and general health of the experimental group showed a greater increase at the end of the intervention relative to the control group (p<0.001) and concerning other subscales, the difference between the two groups was not significant

Effects of sexual education mobile applications on men’s sexual awareness and satisfaction: A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Sexual education programs can improve sexual awareness and satisfaction. Yet, sex education is ignored in developing countries. Under such circumstances, we have used IT tools to improve sexual education. OBJECTIVE: In this article, we used a mobile application (mHealth) to impart sex education. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was held, in which participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: The control group, with 25 participants, which received only counseling from sex therapists, and the intervention group, with 25 participants, which received the mobile application system in addition to counseling from sex therapists. Participants were persons referred to sex therapists at a clinic. In each group, sexual satisfaction and awareness were evaluated. We measured sexual satisfaction with the help of the Larson questionnaire and sexual awareness by the Ann Hooper questionnaire. Results: Our data demonstrated that sexual satisfaction was not statistically significant (P=0.44), but awareness showed statistically significant differences (P=0.007) in the intervention vs. the control group. Also, the mean in both groups had statistically significant differences before and after the intervention (P=0.001). Conclusion: Our results showed that mobile applications can improve sexual awareness but cannot affect sexual satisfaction in the short term. Trial Registration: The clinical trial was registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) under registration ID:  IRCT2016110130640N

اثربخشی برنامه فرزندپروری مثبت بر استرس والدین و تحمل آشفتگی هیجانی در مادران دارای فرزند مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه- بیش فعالی

مقدمه: اختلال نقص توجه/بیش فعالی (ADHD) یکی از شایع ترین اختلالات رفتاری در کودکان است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثربخشی برنامه فرزندپروری مثبت بر استرس والدین و تحمل اختلال عاطفی در مادران دارای فرزند ADHD انجام شد.روش‌ کار: در مطالعه حاضر، از بین تمامی مادران دارای کودکان بیش‌فعالی-بیش‌فعالی شهر مشهد در سال 1400-1401، 30 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب و به‌ طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمون و شاهد قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمون طی هشت جلسه هفتگی برنامه فرزندپروری مثبت را دریافت کردند و گروه شاهد در لیست انتظار قرار گرفتند. مادران شاخص استرس والدینی ابیدین (PSI) و تحمل آشفتگی هیجانی سیمونز و گاهر (DTS) را در پیش آزمون و پس آزمون تکمیل کردند. داده ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل کوواریانس چندگانه (MANCOVA) در نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که برنامه فرزندپروری مثبت نسبت به گروه شاهد به طور معنی‌داری استرس والدین را کاهش داده و تحمل آشفتگی هیجانی را افزایش می‌دهد (001/0 P<).نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد برنامه فرزندپروری مثبت موجب بهبود استرس والدین و تحمل آشفتگی هیجانی در مادران دارای فرزند بیش‌فعال می‌شود

Assessment of relationship between asymmetries EEG waves at baseline with Eysenck Personality traits

Abstract:Aim: asymmetry of brain hemispheres activities, one of the wonderful features is the organization of human brain activity. aim of this study is Assessment of relationship between asymmetries EEG waves at baseline with Eysenck Personality traits.Materials and Methods:The study design was cross-sectional study that was conducted in Sabzevar. The target population was all students of Payam Noor University of Sabzevar in the school year (93-92). 33 students (17 male and 16 female) were selected using available sampling method. Research instrument included electroencephalography, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire and Positive-Negative Affect Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation. Results:The results of the EEG waves at rest revealed asymmetric temporal and parietal lobes activity in the extroverts and asymmetric temporal lobe activity in introverts. Other findings of the research were that in baseline, there was a significant relationship between asymmetry temporal lobe activity in the neurotic-stable personality trait. Conclusion:Overall, the findings of this study suggest that the type of personality affects the activity of certain brain areas

تأثیر طرحواره درمانی گروهی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر عزت نفس جنسی و فرسودگی زناشویی زنان تحت دیالیز

مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر طرحواره درمانی گروهی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر عزت نفس جنسی و فرسودگی زناشویی زنان تحت دیالیز انجام شد.روش کار: جامعه آماری پژوهش را کلیه زنان متاهل دیالیزی مراجعه کننده به انجمن حمایت از بیماران دیالیزی خراسان رضوی در سال 1401-1400 تشکیل دادند. نمونه آماری شامل 30 زن متاهل تحت دیالیز در شهر مشهد بود که به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمون (15 نفر) و شاهد (15 نفر) جایگزین شدند. داده‌ها از طریق شاخص عزت‌نفس جنسی برای زنان-فرم کوتاه  (SSEI-W-SF) و اندازه ‌گیری فرسودگی زناشویی زوجین (CBM)  به ‌دست آمد. گروه آزمون به مدت 10 جلسه 120 دقیقه ای در طرحواره درمانی گروهی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد شرکت کردند در حالی که گروه شاهد هیچ نوع مداخله ای دریافت نکردند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از تحلیل واریانس اندازه گیری های مکرر فاکتوریل استفاده شد.یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر نشان داد که بین دو گروه آزمون و شاهد در متغیرهای عزت نفس جنسی و فرسودگی زناشویی در پس‌آزمون و پیگیری تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (p<0.05).نتیجه گیری: به نظر می رسد طرحواره درمانی گروهی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد باعث افزایش عزت نفس جنسی و کاهش فرسودگی زناشویی در زنان تحت دیالیز می شود

Effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy in relapse prevention for methamphetamine dependent males

Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy ‎‎(MBGT) in relapse prevention for methamphetamine dependent males. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial used pretest-posttest control group design. Of the methamphetamine-addicted individuals admitted to Pouyandegan-e-Hasti addiction treatment center in Mashhad in 2017, 40 subjects were selected through convenience sampling after the detoxification period and were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group attended 9 sessions of mindfulness-based relapse prevention model training while the control group attended the usual group therapy program of the center. The two groups completed Relapse Prediction Scale (RPS) and Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-II) before and after treatment and also Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) and Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) in the posttest. The data was analyzed using ‎one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), independent t-test and chi-square test in SPSS-24. ‎ Results: The results demonstrated that MBGT causes decreased drug craving (P=0.001), likelihood of substance abuse (P=0.003) and ‎ depression (P=0.001) and overall improvement (P=0.032) of the experimental group compared to the control ‎group. Further, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of treatment satisfaction ‎‎(P=0.893), but the number of people with relapses in the control group was more than twice as much as the ‎experimental group. ‎ Conclusion: It seems that mindfulness-based group therapy is effective in methamphetamine relapse prevention.

The role of personality traits and demographic characteristics in the injection of the Covid-19 vaccine

Introduction: Today, despite the nationwide vaccination of the society to prevent the epidemic of the Covid-19 virus, some people refuse to inject the Covid-19 vaccine as the main self-care behavior, which can have specific reasons. Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of personality and demographic characteristics in the injection of the covid-19 vaccine as a measure to prevent the spread of the corona virus in Mashhad. Method: The method of this research was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population consisted of the people of Mashhad in the year 2022, of which 517 people (62.1% vaccinated and 37.9% unvaccinated) were selected in an accessible and voluntary manner and completed the Brief HEXACO Personality Questionnaire (2013) and Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire in Person. The collected data were analyzed by Yeoman-Whitney test in SPSS software version 26. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference between vaccination and non-vaccination in the five personality components of Emotionality (P=0.19), Extroversion (P=0.44), Agreeableness (P=0.88), Conscientiousness (P=0.86) and Openness to Experience (P=0.20). However, there was a significant difference between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups in terms of the personality component of Honesty-humility (P=0.03) and the demographic characteristics of gender (P=0.002), age (P=0.001), level of education (P=0.001), and employment status (P=0.001). Conclusion: The personality trait of honesty-humility and the demographic characteristics of gender, age, level of education and employment status play a role in the matter of injecting the Covid-19 vaccine as the main self-care behavior. These results can be used to promote and encourage vaccination in future crises

The Mediating Role of Processing Speed in the Relationship between Fluid Reasoning and Working Memory among Children with Dyslexia

Working memory is the most important predictor of fluid reasoning. Working memory and fluid reasoning as two complicated cognitive functions have a significant correlation. A large number of studies have confirmed the strong association between working memory and fluid reasoning; however, the hidden variables between them are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to identify the mediating role of processing speed in the relationship between fluid reasoning and working memory among children with dyslexia. This research was a descript4e-correlational study. The statistical population included all students with dyslexia in Mashhad schools, of whom 205 students were selected using convenience sampling method. For collecting data, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children–Fourth Edition and the Tehran- Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale were administered. The results of the study showed that: (1) working memory has a significant association with fluid reasoning (P=0/04), (2) only 26/2% of changes in fluid reasoning were influenced by processing speed and working memory, (3) only 11.8% of changes in verbal fluid reasoning were influenced by processing speed and verbal and non-verbal working memory, (4) only 18.2% of changes in non-verbal fluid reasoning were influenced by processing speed and verbal and non-verbal working memory. The present study suggested a significant association between working memory and fluid reasoning but the mediating role of processing speed in the relationship between fluid reasoning and working memory among children with dyslexia hadn’t been confirmed