Protective Effects of Hydroxytyrosol on Renal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Mice

Background: Renal ischemia reperfusion (IR), one of the most important causative mechanisms of acute kidney injury, is a major clinical problem that occurs in some hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.Methods: Male mice were randomly assigned to three groups (N = 9): (1) sham operated, (2) renal IR (45 min ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion), or (3) renal IR+HT (5 mg/kg orally for 7 days before renal IR and one hour before IR). Animals were sacrificed and the blood and kidney tissue samples were collected for glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) evaluation.Results: Renal IR injury led to decreases in renal tissue GSH and increases in MDA levels compared to sham operated. Hydroxytyrosol partially inhibited the IR-induced decrease in GSH activity. In addition, in the renal IR+HT group, MDA was increased compared to the renal IR group.Conclusions: These findings suggest that HT diminished oxidative stress in renal tissue after renal IR

Protective Effects of Hydroxytyrosol on Renal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Mice

Background: Renal ischemia reperfusion (IR), one of the most important causative mechanisms of acute kidney injury, is a major clinical problem that occurs in some hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.Methods: Male mice were randomly assigned to three groups (N = 9): (1) sham operated, (2) renal IR (45 min ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion), or (3) renal IR+HT (5 mg/kg orally for 7 days before renal IR and one hour before IR). Animals were sacrificed and the blood and kidney tissue samples were collected for glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) evaluation.Results: Renal IR injury led to decreases in renal tissue GSH and increases in MDA levels compared to sham operated. Hydroxytyrosol partially inhibited the IR-induced decrease in GSH activity. In addition, in the renal IR+HT group, MDA was increased compared to the renal IR group.Conclusions: These findings suggest that HT diminished oxidative stress in renal tissue after renal IR

Evaluation of the Hypophysial-testicular Axis and Testis Tissues after Matricaria Chamomilla Consumption in Rats

Background: Matricaria chamomilla is an ancient herbal drug widely consumed to sexual system improvement. The aim of this research was to study the effect of Matricaria chamomilla hydroalcholic extract on the pituitary-testis axis and testes tissues of male rats.Methods: Mature male rats were randomly assigned to two groups: the Matricaria group (100 mg/kg of Matricaria chamomilla extract via feeding tube once daily for 8 weeks) and the control group (1 ml of distilled water orally for the same period). After 8 weeks, animal were evaluated for blood levels of testosterone, estrogen, FSH, and LH. Fertility indices like sperm count and the weight of the reproductive organs were assayed. In addition, testes histological assessments were done.Results: Consumption of Matricaria caused elevation in blood testosterone, FSH an LH. Spermatogonia, Spermatocyte, Spermatid, Spermatozoa, Leydig and Epididymal spermatozoa reserve count and reproductive organs weight were increased too.Conclusions: These findings suggest that Matricaria chamomilla extract improve pituitary-testis axis and spermatogenesis in rats.

Evaluation of the Hypophysial-testicular Axis and Testis Tissues after Matricaria Chamomilla Consumption in Rats

Background: Matricaria chamomilla is an ancient herbal drug widely consumed to sexual system improvement. The aim of this research was to study the effect of Matricaria chamomilla hydroalcholic extract on the pituitary-testis axis and testes tissues of male rats.Methods: Mature male rats were randomly assigned to two groups: the Matricaria group (100 mg/kg of Matricaria chamomilla extract via feeding tube once daily for 8 weeks) and the control group (1 ml of distilled water orally for the same period). After 8 weeks, animal were evaluated for blood levels of testosterone, estrogen, FSH, and LH. Fertility indices like sperm count and the weight of the reproductive organs were assayed. In addition, testes histological assessments were done.Results: Consumption of Matricaria caused elevation in blood testosterone, FSH an LH. Spermatogonia, Spermatocyte, Spermatid, Spermatozoa, Leydig and Epididymal spermatozoa reserve count and reproductive organs weight were increased too.Conclusions: These findings suggest that Matricaria chamomilla extract improve pituitary-testis axis and spermatogenesis in rats.

Effectiveness of Multi-Faceted Training Focused on Spiritual Parenting to Mothers on Promoting Spirituality of Overweight Children

Background: Growing evidences show that the successful treatment of pediatric obesity requires consideration not only of medical issues but also of psychological and social environmental and familial factors. Special emphasis is given to the psychological and spiritual aspects of pediatric obesity in the context of a holistic perspective. In this regard this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of multi-faceted training focused on spiritual parenting to mothers on promoting spirituality of overweight children.Methods: In this study, 48 volunteer (24 boy students and 24 their mothers) eligible to exclude-include criteria were selected and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. An orientation session was held to explain the research goals and intervention. The experimental group trained, 90 minutes sessions weekly for 3 months (10 sessions), but control group did not receive any intervention. Prior to and after Training, all participant completed demographic information questionnaire and then children completed religiosity and spirituality scale for youth (rassy) scale and childrens' BMI were measured. Data analysis with 22th version of SPSS was done.Results: Data analysis with applying one-way and multivariate analysis of covariance ( ancova and mancova) revealed that Multi-faceted training focused on spiritual parenting could significantly promote the total score and faith-based coping and religious social support/activities but BMI were decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that the multi-faceted training focused on spiritual parenting to mothers leads to promotion of spirituality scores of children with overweight. Also, it seems that the body mass index (BMI) will be reduced. This study demonstrated that spiritual parenting benefits are similar to the dietary restriction and physical activity. And it can cause weight loss and enhance spirituality in children

Effectiveness of Multi-Faceted Training Focused on Spiritual Parenting to Mothers on Promoting Spirituality of Overweight Children

Background: Growing evidences show that the successful treatment of pediatric obesity requires consideration not only of medical issues but also of psychological and social environmental and familial factors. Special emphasis is given to the psychological and spiritual aspects of pediatric obesity in the context of a holistic perspective. In this regard this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of multi-faceted training focused on spiritual parenting to mothers on promoting spirituality of overweight children.Methods: In this study, 48 volunteer (24 boy students and 24 their mothers) eligible to exclude-include criteria were selected and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. An orientation session was held to explain the research goals and intervention. The experimental group trained, 90 minutes sessions weekly for 3 months (10 sessions), but control group did not receive any intervention. Prior to and after Training, all participant completed demographic information questionnaire and then children completed religiosity and spirituality scale for youth (rassy) scale and childrens' BMI were measured. Data analysis with 22th version of SPSS was done.Results: Data analysis with applying one-way and multivariate analysis of covariance ( ancova and mancova) revealed that Multi-faceted training focused on spiritual parenting could significantly promote the total score and faith-based coping and religious social support/activities but BMI were decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that the multi-faceted training focused on spiritual parenting to mothers leads to promotion of spirituality scores of children with overweight. Also, it seems that the body mass index (BMI) will be reduced. This study demonstrated that spiritual parenting benefits are similar to the dietary restriction and physical activity. And it can cause weight loss and enhance spirituality in children

Sulfur dioxide reduces hippocampal cells death and improves learning and memory deficits in rat model of transient global ischemia/reperfusion

Objective(s): According to recent the findings, sulfur dioxide (SO2) is produced by the cardiovascular system, influencing some major biological processes. Based on previous research, SO2 exhibits antioxidant effects and inhibits apoptosis following cardiac ischemia/reperfusion. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to examine the neuroprotective impact of SO2 following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).Materials and Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats that weighed 260–300 g, were randomly allocated into 4 groups: sham group (n=12), I/R group (n=12), and I/R+SO2 groups (NaHSO3 and Na2SO3; 1:3 ratio; 5 and 10 µg/kg, respectively; for 3 days, n=12). Cerebral ischemia model was prepared by occlusion of both common carotid arteries for 20 min. Saline as a vehicle and SO2 donor at doses 5 µg/kg (intraperitoneally) were injected for 3 days after reperfusion. Four days after ischemia, the passive avoidance memory test was carried out in four groups, and after behavioral assessment, necrosis, apoptosis, and antioxidant enzyme analysis were carried out.Results: SO2 treatment could significantly improve memory impairments in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) (

The Comparison of Self-Concept and Death Anxiety Between Women Affected by Type 1 and 2 Diabetes and Healthy Women

Background: Chronic disorders are those that entangle the patient for a long time and affect the person's ability for normal operation. What is important in the treatment of a chronic disease such as diabetes, in addition to controlling the disease, is improving patient's personal and psychic performances. The effect of diabetes and its complications on self-concept and anxiety of death are still unknown and studies in this field are insufficient. This study aimed to compare self-concept and death anxiety in type2diabetic and healthy women.Methods: The present study is a causal-comparative study. In this study from all diabetic women who were admitted to gynecology, dialysis and outpatients of Shahid Chamran Hospital, Tehran, Iran, and healthy women 30 to 60 years. 200 cases were selected using non-random purposive sampling in 2016.From this sample, 100 women with type 2 diabetes and 100 healthy women were selected based on entering standards. The questionnaire used in this study included Rogers Self-concept Inventory (1975) and Templer Death Anxiety Inventory (1970).Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics methods (independent t-test and Chi-square test) using SPSS version 18.Results: The results showed that Rogers self-concept (B form) among women with type 2 diabetes(113.98±16.64) was significantly lower than among non-diabetic women (123.65±13.07) (P=0.003<0.05), Rogers self-concept (A form) did not have significant difference among diabetic (111.59±18.40) and non-diabetic women (114.24±13.17)(P=0.776) and death anxiety among women with type 2 diabetes (44.41±8.44) was significantly higher than among non-diabetic women (21.05±3.22) (P=0.005).Conclusions: Self-concept and anxiety of death may be considered as causes or risk factors or resonators in type 2 diabetes.

The Comparison of Self-Concept and Death Anxiety Between Women Affected by Type 1 and 2 Diabetes and Healthy Women

Background: Chronic disorders are those that entangle the patient for a long time and affect the person's ability for normal operation. What is important in the treatment of a chronic disease such as diabetes, in addition to controlling the disease, is improving patient's personal and psychic performances. The effect of diabetes and its complications on self-concept and anxiety of death are still unknown and studies in this field are insufficient. This study aimed to compare self-concept and death anxiety in type2diabetic and healthy women.Methods: The present study is a causal-comparative study. In this study from all diabetic women who were admitted to gynecology, dialysis and outpatients of Shahid Chamran Hospital, Tehran, Iran, and healthy women 30 to 60 years. 200 cases were selected using non-random purposive sampling in 2016.From this sample, 100 women with type 2 diabetes and 100 healthy women were selected based on entering standards. The questionnaire used in this study included Rogers Self-concept Inventory (1975) and Templer Death Anxiety Inventory (1970).Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics methods (independent t-test and Chi-square test) using SPSS version 18.Results: The results showed that Rogers self-concept (B form) among women with type 2 diabetes(113.98±16.64) was significantly lower than among non-diabetic women (123.65±13.07) (P=0.003<0.05), Rogers self-concept (A form) did not have significant difference among diabetic (111.59±18.40) and non-diabetic women (114.24±13.17)(P=0.776) and death anxiety among women with type 2 diabetes (44.41±8.44) was significantly higher than among non-diabetic women (21.05±3.22) (P=0.005).Conclusions: Self-concept and anxiety of death may be considered as causes or risk factors or resonators in type 2 diabetes.

Bone regeneration in rat using polycaprolactone/gelatin/epinephrine scaffold

Solid supports like the extracellular matrix network are necessary for bone cell attachment and start healing in the damaged bone. Scaffolds which are made of different materials are widely used as a supportive structure in bone tissue engineering. In the current study, a 3D polycaprolactone/gelatin bone scaffold was developed by blending electrospinning and freeze-drying techniques for bone tissue engineering. To improve the efficiency of the scaffold, different concentrations of epinephrine (EP) due to its effect on bone healing were loaded. Fabricated scaffolds were characterized by different tests such as surface morphology, FTIR, porosity, compressive strength, water contact angle, and degradation rate. The interaction between prepared scaffolds and blood and cells was evaluated by hemolysis, and MTT test, respectively, and bone healing was evaluated by a rat calvaria defect model. Based on the results, the porosity of scaffolds was about 75% and by adding EP, mechanical strength decreased while due to the hydrophilic properties of it, degradation rate increased. In vivo and in vitro studies showed the best cell proliferation and bone healing were in PCL/gelatin/EP1% treated group. These results showed the positive effect of fabricated scaffold on osteogenesis and bone healing and the possibility of using it in clinical trials