From spinal central pattern generators to cortical network: integrated BCI for walking rehabilitation

Success in locomotor rehabilitation programs can be improved with the use of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although a wealth of research has demonstrated that locomotion is largely controlled by spinal mechanisms, the brain is of utmost importance in monitoring locomotor patterns and therefore contains information regarding central pattern generation functioning. In addition, there is also a tight coordination between the upper and lower limbs, which can also be useful in controlling locomotion. The current paper critically investigates different approaches that are applicable to this field: the use of electroencephalogram (EEG), upper limb electromyogram (EMG), or a hybrid of the two neurophysiological signals to control assistive exoskeletons used in locomotion based on programmable central pattern generators (PCPGs) or dynamic recurrent neural networks (DRNNs). Plantar surface tactile stimulation devices combined with virtual reality may provide the sensation of walking while in a supine position for use of training brain signals generated during locomotion. These methods may exploit mechanisms of brain plasticity and assist in the neurorehabilitation of gait in a variety of clinical conditions, including stroke, spinal trauma, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral palsy

High-spin states in 92-96Zr nuclei

The Zr92-96 nuclei were produced as fission fragments following the fusion reactions Si28+Yb176 and P31+Yb176 at 145 and 152 MeV bombarding energy, respectively. Prompt γ rays emitted in the two reactions were detected with the EUROGAM II and EUROBALL I

The low-spin structure of 115^{115}Xe

Is an image without frame possible ? The nowadays virtual realities could induce us to believe it, since the worlds they offer seem to have broken the usual limits of image. This article, on the contrary, tries to point that the notion of frame, although it can be reconsidered, remains one of the necessary conditions of representation

Developpement d'un pilote de machine d'exploitation forestiere avec utilisation de techniques d'automatisation et d'aide a la conduite

Available at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : AR 15257 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Rapid, early and accurate SARS-CoV-2 detection using RT-qPCR in primary care: a prospective cohort study (REAP-1).

OBJECTIVES: We explore the importance of SARS-CoV-2 sentinel surveillance testing in primary care during a regional COVID-19 outbreak in Austria. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: A single sentinel practice serving 22 829 people in the ski-resort of Schladming-Dachstein. PARTICIPANTS: All 73 patients presenting with mild-to-moderate flu-like symptoms between 24 February and 03 April, 2020. INTERVENTION: Nasopharyngeal sampling to detect SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). OUTCOME MEASURES: We compared RT-qPCR at presentation with confirmed antibody status. We split the outbreak in two parts, by halving the period from the first to the last case, to characterise three cohorts of patients with confirmed infection: early acute (RT-qPCR reactive) in the first half; and late acute (reactive) and late convalescent (non-reactive) in the second half. For each cohort, we report the number of cases detected, the accuracy of RT-qPCR, the duration and variety of symptoms, and the number of viral clades present. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 (eight early acute, seven late acute and seven late convalescent), 44 patients tested SARS-CoV-2 negative and 7 were excluded. The sensitivity of RT-qPCR was 100% among all acute cases, dropping to 68.1% when including convalescent. Test specificity was 100%. Mean duration of symptoms for each group were 2 days (range 1-4) among early acute, 4.4 days (1-7) among late acute and 8 days (2-12) among late convalescent. Confirmed infection was associated with loss of taste. Acute infection was associated with loss of taste, nausea/vomiting, breathlessness, sore throat and myalgia; but not anosmia, fever or cough. Transmission clusters of three viral clades (G, GR and L) were identified. CONCLUSIONS: RT-qPCR testing in primary care can rapidly and accurately detect SARS-CoV-2 among people with flu-like illness in a heterogeneous viral outbreak. Targeted testing in primary care can support national sentinel surveillance of COVID-19