34 research outputs found
ΠΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ: ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΡΠ»Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΉβ¦ Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΠ·, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ² ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΠ·. The relevance of this work is dictated by a critical state of the modern model of the economy. The basis of this model is construed by postulates about the need for sustained economic growth, which is provided by end-use. Monetary approaches and methods of consumer demand stimulation as a main incentive of economic growth guarantee the model implementation. On the top of this model there is a debt consumer economy of a society of individualists who do not have a system of traditional values, but instead have illusory short-term goals. Thus, an egocentric model of the economy has taken a dominant position in relation to an ecological economic model, revealing a lot of systemic contradictions. The future was under threat... The aim of this work is the analysis of the causes of these conflicts, the factors of crisis phenomena, the threats, which mankind faced at this stage of development, and the possible ways of elimination of the contradictions and threats as well. Methods: comparative analysis and synthesis of theoretical fundamental economic sources and assumptions, practical research and personal experience of various Russian and foreign scientists and business practitioners, the results, observations and conclusions arising from the personal experience of the author and his own theoretical research and inventions, and analysis of statistical data
A wirelessly powered and controlled device for optical neural control of freely-behaving animals
Optogenetics, the ability to use light to activate and silence specific neuron types within neural networks in vivo and in vitro, is revolutionizing neuroscientists' capacity to understand how defined neural circuit elements contribute to normal and pathological brain functions. Typically, awake behaving experiments are conducted by inserting an optical fiber into the brain, tethered to a remote laser, or by utilizing an implanted light-emitting diode (LED), tethered to a remote power source. A fully wireless system would enable chronic or longitudinal experiments where long duration tethering is impractical, and would also support high-throughput experimentation. However, the high power requirements of light sources (LEDs, lasers), especially in the context of the extended illumination periods often desired in experiments, precludes battery-powered approaches from being widely applicable. We have developed a headborne device weighing 2 g capable of wirelessly receiving power using a resonant RF power link and storing the energy in an adaptive supercapacitor circuit, which can algorithmically control one or more headborne LEDs via a microcontroller. The device can deliver approximately 2 W of power to the LEDs in steady state, and 4.3 W in bursts. We also present an optional radio transceiver module (1 g) which, when added to the base headborne device, enables real-time updating of light delivery protocols; dozens of devices can be controlled simultaneously from one computer. We demonstrate use of the technology to wirelessly drive cortical control of movement in mice. These devices may serve as prototypes for clinical ultra-precise neural prosthetics that use light as the modality of biological control.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH Directorβs New Innovator Award (DP2OD002002))National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R01DA029639)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1RC1MH088182)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1RC2DE020919)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R01NS067199)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R43NS070453)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (CAREER award)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF Grant DMS 1042134)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF Grant DMS 0848804)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF Grant EFRI 0835878)Benesse FoundationGoogle (Firm)Dr. Gerald Burnett and Marjorie BurnettUnited States. Dept. of Defense (CDMRP PTSD Program)Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBrain & Behavior Research FoundationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationSociety for NeuroscienceMassachusetts Institute of Technology. Media LaboratoryMcGovern Institute for Brain Research at MITWallace H. Coulter Foundatio