EFFECT OF PRATISAARANEEYA APAMARGA KSHARA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF JALARBUDA W. S. R TO MUCOCELE OF LIP-A CASE STUDY

Jalarbuda is a water bubble like growth in lip caused due to vitiation of Vata and Kapha. Ksharakarma is one of the para-surgical procedures advised for management of Jalarbuda. This condition can be correlated to mucocele of lip. This is a case report of 22 year old man who presented with a small swelling in lip associated with discomfort since one month. In this study Pratisaaraneeya Apamarga Kshara is used in management of mucocele. The size of mucocele reduced after two days of Kshara application

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of chloramphenicol by 1-chlorobenzotriazole in acidic medium

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is an antibiotic drug having a wide spectrum of activity. The kinetics of oxidation of chloramphenicol by 1-chlorobenzotriazole (CBT) in HClO4 medium over the temperature range 293–323 K has been investigated. The reaction exhibits first-order kinetics with respect to [CBT]o and zero-order with respect to [CAP]o. The fractional-order dependence of rate on [H+] suggests complex formation between CBT and H+. It fails to induce polymerization of acrylonitrile under the experimental conditions employed. Activation parameters are evaluated. The observed solvent isotope effect indicates the absence of hydride transfer during oxidation. Effects of dielectric constant and ionic strength of the medium on the reaction rate have been studied. Oxidation products are identified. A suitable reaction scheme is proposed and an appropriate rate law is deduced to account for the observed kinetic data

UNDERSTANDING OF PRATISHYAYA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RHINITIS

Pratishyaya is most common problem amongst Nasagata vikara in most of the condition there may incompatible food articles, allergic history or Seasonal or sometimes it may because of Deviated Nasal Septum or Nasal polyp. Problem with such patients approaching Ayurvedic physicians for permanent solution.Rhinitis is a most common condition of present era due to increased exposure to environmental pollution and unwholesome diet. Rhinitis patient’s experiences irritant and felling exhausted, and fed-up.Acharyas have dealt different verities of effective treatment in terms of Shodhana like Vamana, Nasya, Basti, Dhumapana, Lepa, Kavala, Swedana, Langhana, Avapeedan Nasya, Shamana chikitsa, Pathya and Apathya which play important role in pacifying the diseases Pratishyaya.In this article Classical literature as well as modern medicine and comparison between the same with interpretation and Research article and previous Dissertation work done has been taken as reference in reviving this article.

Razvoj i validacija spektrofotometrijskih metoda za određivanje ceftazidima u farmaceutskim doziranim pripravcima

Two spectrophotometric methods for the determination of ceftazidime (CFZM) in either pure form or in its pharmaceutical formulations are described. The first method is based on the reaction of 3-methylbenzothiazolin-2-one hydrazone (MBTH) with ceftazidime in the presence of ferric chloride in acidic medium. The resulting blue complex absorbs at λmax 628 nm. The second method describes the reaction between the diazotized drug and N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDA) to yield a purple colored product with λmax at 567 nm. The reaction conditions were optimized to obtain maximum color intensity. The absorbance was found to increase linearly with increasing the concentration of CFZM; the systems obeyed the Beer’s law in the range 210 and 1050 µg mL1 for MBTH and NEDA methods, respectively. LOD, LOQ and correlation coefficient values were 0.15, 0.79 and 0.50, 2.61. No interference was observed from common excipients present in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed methods are simple, sensitive, accurate and suitable for quality control applications.Razvijene su dvije spektrofotometrijske metode za određivanje ceftazidima (CFZM), čistog ili u farmaceutskim pripravcima. Prva metoda se temelji na reakciji 3-metilbenzotiazolin-2-on hidrazona (MBTH) sa ceftazidimom u prisutnosti željezovog(III) klorida u kiselom mediju. Nastaje plavi kompleks s maksimumom apsorpcije pri λmax 628 nm. Druga metoda se temelji na reakciji između diazotiranog lijeka i N-(1-naftil)etilendiamin dihidroklorida (NEDA), pri čemu nastaje ljubičasti produkt s λmax pri 567 nm. Reakcijski uvjeti su optimirani da se dobije maksimalni intenzitet boje. Apsorbancija raste linearno s porašću koncentracije CFZM; sustavi slijede Beerov zakon u koncentracijskom području 210 za MBTH metodu i 1050 µg mL1 za NEDA metodu. LOD i LOQ te vrijednosti korelacijskog koeficijenta su 0,15, 0,79 i 0,50, 2,61. Uobičajene pomoćne tvari ne smetaju određivanju ceftazidima. Predložene metode su jednostavne, osjetljive, točne i pogodne za primjenu u kontroli kvalitete

EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING CERVICAL CANCER AMONG WOMENâ€.

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of planned teaching programme (PTP) on knowledge regarding cervical cancer among women at selected urban area Karad and to find out the association between knowledge scores with selected sociodemographic variables among women in selected urban areas at Karad.Methods: Evaluative research approach was used for the study and conducted in urban area Koyana Vasahat, Karad, Maharashtra, India, using one group pre- and post-test design. Systematic proportionate sampling technique was used for selecting 60 women. On the 1st day, structured knowledge questionnaire was used for collecting data, and PTP on knowledge regarding cervical cancer was conducted, followed by posttest on the 7th  day. The data collected, tabulated, and analyzed in terms of objectives of the study using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The mean pretest value was 7 and the mean posttest value was 11 with a difference of 4. The paired t-value was 10.2, (p<0.05) showing a significant increase in the knowledge regarding cervical cancer and its prevention. There was no significant association between knowledge scores of women with the selected demographic variables.Conclusion: The study showed that the PTP on cervical cancer was effective in improving the knowledge of women and thus helps them to understand the harmful effects of cervical cancer as well as to take necessary steps for early detection and prevention.Keywords: Effectiveness, Planned teaching programme, Cervical cancer, Knowledge, Women

Pregnancy outcome in a rare case of complex cyanotic congenital heart disease

A 28 year old primigravida with the very rare congenital heart condition of single ventricle with single atrium presented with 34 weeks gestation, and underwent caesarean section with minimal morbidity. As the condition is not known for survival into adulthood, the carrying of a pregnancy successfully to near term makes this an even rarer case

Large-scale development of cost-effective SNP marker assays for diversity assessment and genetic mapping in chickpea and comparative mapping in legumes

A set of 2486 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compiled in chickpea using four approaches, namely (i) Solexa/Illumina sequencing (1409), (ii) amplicon sequencing of tentative orthologous genes (TOGs) (604), (iii) mining of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (286) and (iv) sequencing of candidate genes (187). Conversion of these SNPs to the cost-effective and flexible throughput Competitive Allele Specific PCR (KASPar) assays generated successful assays for 2005 SNPs. These marker assays have been designated as Chickpea KASPar Assay Markers (CKAMs). Screening of 70 genotypes including 58 diverse chickpea accessions and 12 BC3F2 lines showed 1341 CKAMs as being polymorphic. Genetic analysis of these data clustered chickpea accessions based on geographical origin. Genotyping data generated for 671 CKAMs on the reference mapping population (Cicer arietinum ICC 4958 × Cicer reticulatum PI 489777) were compiled with 317 unpublished TOG-SNPs and 396 published markers for developing the genetic map. As a result, a second-generation genetic map comprising 1328 marker loci including novel 625 CKAMs, 314 TOG-SNPs and 389 published marker loci with an average inter-marker distance of 0.59 cM was constructed. Detailed analyses of 1064 mapped loci of this second-generation chickpea genetic map showed a higher degree of synteny with genome of Medicago truncatula, followed by Glycine max, Lotus japonicus and least with Vigna unguiculata. Development of these cost-effective CKAMs for SNP genotyping will be useful not only for genetics research and breeding applications in chickpea, but also for utilizing genome information from other sequenced or model legumes

Centennial rainfall variation in semi arid and tropical humid environments in the cardamom hill slopes, southern Western Ghats, India

Studies of rainfall variation generally focus on large areas. For example, in India, the area average monsoon rainfall series of the whole country or meteorological subdivisions are used. This would be of no use for local agriculture, particularly in places where rainfall is very high or very low, especially for crops like small cardamom and vanilla which are very sensitive to soil moisture and atmospheric air relative humidity. With this view, we present the data and analysis of the long term rainfall variations in semi arid as well as tropical humid environments in cardamom hill slopes in south-WesternGhats in India. In our analysis, the semi-arid cardamom hill slopes showed decreasing trend in rainfall over the recent past three decades ranging from 2.7 to 3.4 mm/yr with R2 values ranging from 0.42 to 0.85 (P= 0.05). Year-to-year variation in rainfall was considerable. No alternating pattern of increase and decrease in rainfall was seen in decads, epochal trends as accounted by ISM for the rest of the country were absent. If the present trend continues, agricultural production in this semi-arid, poor rain fed system will suffer, unless conservation and mitigation efforts are undertaken. In case of windward side humid tropics, the year- to- year variations in the monthly rainfall values were very large. For example, January and February rainfall values changed by a factor as high as two or more from one year to another. The lowest rainfall during a period was reported in 1987 which was one of the intense El-Nino years. There was a strong association of El-Nino phenomenon with below average rainfall (67% of the El-Nino years), indicating a good ENSO relationship. In case of La-Nina years, fifty per cent of the years had enjoyed excess rainfall. However, the impact of El-Nino phenomenon was not severe during the first pentad of this century (2000-2005) in this mountain range. This indicates that the relationship seems to have weakened. The coefficient of variation of rainfall for the entire data series ranged from 9 to 27%. The decadal averages for the first three decades (1896-1925) and the last three decades (1976-2005) studied, reported less than the annual mean (5000 mm) for the whole period (1896-2005). Only during the middle period (1926-1975) the decadal average rainfall exceeded the series annual mean

Genetic variability in trait-specific rice germplasm groups based on coefficient of parentage, SSR markers and fertility restoration

To maximize heterosis, it is important to understand the genetic diversity of germplasm and associate useful phenotypic traits such as fertility restoration for hybrid rice breeding. The objectives of the present study were to characterize genetic diversity within a set of rice germplasm groups using coefficient of parentage (COP) values and 58 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for 124 genotypes having different attributes such as resistance/tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. These lines were also used for identifying prospective restorers and maintainers for wild abortive-cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line. The mean COP value for all the lines was 0.11, indicating that the genotypes do not share common ancestry. The SSR analysis generated a total of 268 alleles with an average of 4.62 alleles per locus. The mean polymorphism information content value was 0.53, indicating that the markers selected were highly polymorphic. Grouping based on COP analysis revealed three major clusters pertaining to the indica, tropical japonica and japonica lines. A similar grouping pattern with some variation was also observed for the SSR markers. Fertility restoration phenotype based on the test cross of the 124 genotypes with a CMS line helped identify 23 maintainers, 58 restorers and 43 genotypes as either partial maintainers or partial restorers. This study demonstrates that COP analysis along with molecular marker analysis might encourage better organization of germplasm diversity and its use in hybrid rice breeding. Potential restorers identified in the study can be used for breeding high-yielding stress-tolerant medium-duration rice hybrids, while maintainers would prove useful for developing new rice CMS lines