Enzyme activity below the dynamical transition at 220 K

Enzyme activity requires the activation of anharmonic motions, such as jumps between potential energy wells. However, in general, the forms and time scales of the functionally important anharmonic dynamics coupled to motion along the reaction coordinate remain to be determined. In particular, the question arises whether the temperature-dependent dynamical transition from harmonic to anharmonic motion in proteins, which has been observed experimentally and using molecular dynamics simulation, involves the activation of motions required for enzyme function. Here we present parallel measurements of the activity and dynamics of a cryosolution of glutamate dehydrogenase as a function of temperature. The dynamical atomic fluctuations faster than ~100 ps were determined using neutron scattering. The results show that the enzyme remains active below the dynamical transition observed at ~220 K, i.e., at temperatures where no anharmonic motion is detected. Furthermore, the activity shows no significant deviation from Arrhenius behavior down to 190 K. The results indicate that the observed transition in the enzyme's dynamics is decoupled from the rate-limiting step along the reaction coordinate

The Implementation of Guessing Meaning From Context in Improving Students\u27 Reading Skill

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menginvestigasi apakah ada perbedaan pada pemahaman membaca siswa sebelum dan sesudah diajar menggunakan strategi guessing meaning from context, (2) menemukan strategi manakah dari guessing meaning from context yang menghasilkan pencapaian yang lebih baik oleh siswa. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, peneliti menggunakan studi kuantitatif melibatkan satu kelas. Instrumen untuk pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes membaca. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pada pencapaian pemahaman membaca siswa setelah diajar menggunakan strategi tersebut. Strategi surrounding words, pictures, experience, dan imagination yang paling signifikan meningkat diantara strategi yang lain. Hasil tes hipotesis menunjukan bahwa nilai signifikan (2- tailed) adalah 0.000 (p<0.05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan menunjukan bahwa strategi guessing meaning from context dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa dalam membaca di semua aspek.This study aimed at (1) investigating whether there was a significant difference of students\u27 reading comprehension achievement before and after being taught by using Guessing Meaning from Context strategy, (2) findingout in terms of strategies for Guessing Meaning from Context which strategies produced better achievement by the students.The researcher carried out quantitative study with one group Pre-test Post-test Design, involving one class as experimental class. The instrument in this research was reading test. The results of data analysis showed there was a significant difference on students\u27 reading comprehension achievement after being taught by using Guessing Meaning from Context strategy. Then, surrounding words, pictures, experience, and imagination as the strategiesincreased the most than the otherstrategies. Hypothesis testshowed thatthe significance value (2- tailed) was 0.000 (p<0.05). It could be concluded that null-hypothesis was rejected, and itbe inferred Guessing Meaning from Context strategyincrease the students\u27 reading comprehension in all aspects

The Application of Interactive Comprehensible Written Input-Output Instruction for Teaching Writing

This study was aimed at finding out whether there was a difference on students\u27 writing ability in general as well as students\u27 aspects of writing in particular and exploringwhether there would be a difference on students\u27 prediction of Narrative and Anecdote Text as a part of Interactive Comprehensible Written Input-Output Instruction.The study involved 36 MathematicsEducation students in the first semester of academic year 2016/2017. To collect the data, the researcher administered writing testsand collected students\u27 writing drafts. Then, the data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed there was a significant difference on both students\u27 writing ability and aspects of writing after the application of this instruction. Then, there was also a difference on their prediction of two texts that it was easier for the students to predict the continuation of the story in Narrative Text rather than in Anecdote one.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan dari kemampuan menulis mahasiswa secara umum dan aspek-aspek menulis mereka secara khusus dan untuk menelusuri apakah ada perbedaan dari prediksi mahasiswa terhadap Teks Narasi dan Anekdot sebagai bagian dari Instruksi Input-Output Tertulis Terpahami yang Interaktif. Penelitian ini melibatkan 36 mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika pada tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Untuk mengumpulkan data, penelitian mengadakan tes menulis dan mengumpulkan draft-draft tulisan mereka. Data-data tersebut kemudian dianalisa secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan dari kemampuan menulis mahasiswa secara umum dan aspek-aspek menulis mereka secara khusus setelah penerapan instruksi ini. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan prediksi yang dibuat terhadap dua tekster sebut dengan lebih mudahnya mahasiswa untuk memprediksi kelanjutan cerita pada Teks Narasi dibandingkan Teks Anekdot

The Application of Information Gap Technique to Improve Speaking Skill

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kegunaan teknik Information Gap dalam peningkatan kemampuan berbicara siswa terkait aspek pronunciation, vocabulary dan grammar dilihat dari analisa quantity of speaking dan quality of speaking. Adapun sampel yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah 27 siswa kelas 8L SMPN 4 Bandar Lampung tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode quasi-experimental design yang berhubungan dengan pengukuran periodik. Alat pengumpulan datanya adalah tes berbicara (speaking test). Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya perbedaaan peningkatan kemampuan berbicara siswa dalam aspek pronunciation, vocabulary dan grammar dalam aplikasi teknik Information Gap.The objective of this study was to find out the application of Information Gap technique in improving students' speaking skill especially in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar from the analysis of quantity and quality of speaking. The sample of this study was 27 students of 8L SMPN 4 Bandar Lampung academic year of 2014/2015. This study used quasi-experimental design involving periodic measurements. The instrument of this study was speaking task. The result showed that there was a difference in students' speaking skill especially in term of pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar through speaking task in the aplication of Information Gap technique

Pengaruh Pembelajaran Berbasis Projek terhadap Hasil Menulis Karangan Narasi Siswa Kelas V SD

This study aimed to obtain information on the effect of the application of the results of project-based learning to write narrative essay on Class V students Elementary School District 07, Sungai Kakap regency Kubu Raya. The method used is a form of quasi-experimental method with exsperimental design. Based on statistical calculations of the average post-test results in the control class and experimental class was 67.40 by 77.25 by 4.602 and obtained t ttable (? = 5% and df = 1.602) mean t count> t table (4,602 > 1.602) then Ha is accepted. Based on calculations derived ES effect size was 1.83 This means that the implementation of project-based learning gives a considerable influence on the high-class learning outcomes SDN 07 Sungai Kakap regency Kubu Ray

Assessment of the use of partographs in the region of Analamanga

Background: Maternal mortality is associated with an ever-worrying trend in Madagascar. The partograph, set up by the WHO, is topical when it comes to maternal and child mortality-reducing strategies, especially in developing countries. This study assesses the effect of partograph use on maternal and neonatal mortality in maternity wards of ten basic health centres (BHC) and three hospitals located in the districts of Avaradrano, Atsimondrano, Ambohidratrimo, including the district hospital (DH) of Ambohidroa.Methods: Across-sectional survey was conducted in selected districts, using parturients’ medical records during year 2010. Data were derived from the partographs of women meeting the following criteria: a spontaneous onset of labour, an uniparous pregnancy, a term birth, a foetal cephalic presentation, with no extra complication.Results: Neither maternal nor neonatal death was found where a partograph has been used. Partograph use rate is 64.8%. The main reasons for not using partographs include absence of training and lack of skilled health personnel. 128 abnormalities were identified with a correct management rate of 60.9%.Conclusions: Although implementation of the partograph appears to be easy and inexpensive, its use still collides with huge difficulties. It requires a qualified aid and a suitable environment to have a positive and significant impact on maternal and perinatal mortalities related to birth

Assessment of Left Ventricular Geometrical Patterns and Function among Hypertensive Patients at a Tertiary Hospital, Northern Tanzania.

With hypertension, the cardiovascular system changes to adapt to the varying neuro-humoral and hemodynamic changes and this may lead to the development of different left ventricular geometric patterns, each carrying a different risk profile for major adverse cardiovascular events. Using a consecutive sampling technique, a cross-sectional, prospective, hospital based study was done and two hundred and twenty seven (227) hypertensive patients were studied. The distribution of different abnormal LV geometrical patterns was 19.8%, 28.2%, 22% for concentric remodelling, concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy respectively. With echocardiographic criteria, the proportion of patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was higher when left ventricular mass (LVM) was indexed to height(2.7) than to body surface area (70.0% vs. 52.9%). Duration of hypertension markedly influenced the type of LV geometry with normal LV geometry predominating in early hypertension and abnormal geometrical patterns predominating in late hypertension. The left ventricular fractional shortening decreased with duration of hypertension and was common in patients with eccentric hypertrophy. Age of the patient, systolic blood pressure, duration of hypertension and body mass index were found to be independent predictors left ventricular hypertrophy. About 70% of hypertensive patients had abnormal geometry existing in different patterns. Eccentric hypertrophy had more of clinical and echocardiographic features suggestive of reduced left ventricular systolic function. Hypertensive patients should be recognized as a heterogeneous population and therefore stratifying them into their respective LV geometrical patterns is useful as way of assessing their risk profile as well as instituting appropriate management