The cooperative endorsement of a strategic game

This note provides a way to translate a strategic game to a characteristic cooperative game assuming that the set of players of the cooperative game is the set of pure actions of the strategic game. Coalitions generated with only one action for each player and the total coalition characterize the Core. We calculate the worth of the total coalition to guarantee the non-emptyness condition. In particular, for a two-player game, this value is equal to the maximal sum of the diagonals.Cooperative games, core

Standardized Test and The Impact on Latino Students

This research reports on what Standardized Test are telling us about the type of education students of color are receiving and how it impacts them and the schools they attend. The method of analysis for this research relies on multiple peer reviewed articles and journals to draw conclusions on the impact of standardized testing. Upon examining the data, it has become clear that standardized testing indicate students of color are not getting the quality of education that their white counter parts are receiving. Standardized testing has clearly shown the education gap which has minimized future educational opportunities due to the reduction of federal funds to schools with predominantly minority population

Bitten to the bone: A case of anxiety-induced osteomyelitis

Background: Onychophagia is a habitual nail-biting disorder, usually associated with mental or emotional diseases. It affects 20–30% of the population in all age groups. Human bites have the potential to become serious injuries due to high virulence in the human oral flora and may often require hospital admission, antibiotics and even debridement in the operating room. Thus, repetitive nail biting has the potential to be limb-threatening if not treated early and appropriately. Case Presentation: Patient is a 49-year-old gentleman with a past medical history of severe refractory anxiety treated with hydroxyzine and scheduled alprazolam, after failing multiple other treatments, who was admitted to the hospital due to cellulitis of the right third digit after failing outpatient antibiotic therapy. On the initial physical exam, the patient had a lack of fingernails and multiple wounds at various stages of healing across all digits. The distal and middle phalanges of the 3rd right digit showing increased erythema and swelling and band tightening. Patient was started on broad spectrum antibiotics. Initial Xray of the right hand was concerning for osteomyelitis which was later confirmed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Infectious disease agreed on a course of cefepime, vancomycin and metronidazole. Hand surgery did not see a need for amputation initially though patient did require fasciotomy of the flexor compartment of the right middle finger at day 6 of admission due to slow recovery. Hand surgery however was not convinced patient would make meaningful recovery and advocated for amputation of finger, but patient decided to continue non operative treatment. He was discharged to a skilled nursing facility where he was to continue intravenous antibiotics for 4 more weeks. Conclusion:The vulnerable patient population of south Texas is predominately Hispanic, Spanish-speaking and uninsured. It is imperative to treat psychiatric disorders early to prevent complications, however, given the few numbers of psychiatrist in the Rio Grande Valley and even fewer who speak Spanish it is not unusual find an appointment in more than 6 months out. In this case, we observe the limb-threatening complications a simple “bad habit” can lead to if not treated early and appropriately

On the combined effects of Bit Error Rate and delay-distribution tail on TCP performance

The original design of the TCP retransmission timeout was implemented ignoring the recent measurement studies on the dynamics and features of network traffic and delay. Such studies have reported the highly variable characteristics of network delay, considered to be heavy-tailed distributed. Accordingly, depending on the heavy characteristics of the tail of the delay distribution, the actual implementation of TCP's retransmission timeout might be too conservative, or rather insufficient. This work aims to assess the optimal design of the retransmission timeout when heavy-tailed delay profiles are present. In our experiments, we have considered the case of low-bit error rate scenarios typical from wired networks as well as the high bit-error rates, typical from wireless networks. We show that the current implementation of the retransmission timeout is in broad terms very conservative, except in cases with extremely heavy tails

Weibull mixture model to characterise end-to-end Internet delay at coarse time-scales

Traces collected at monitored points around the Internet contain representative performance information about the paths their probes traverse. Basic measurement attributes, such as delay and loss, are easy to collect and provide a means to both build and validate empirical performance models. However, the task of analysis and extracting performance conclusions from measurements remains challenging. Ideally, performance modelling aims to find a set of self-contained parameters to describe, summarise, profile and easy display network performance status at a time. This can result in the provision of meaningful information to address applications in fault and performance management, hence providing input to network provisioning, traffic engineering and performance prediction. In this work we present the Weibull Mixture Model, a method to characterise endto- end network delay measurements within a few simple, accurate, representative and handleable parameters using a finite combination of Weibull distributions, with all the aforementioned benefits. The model parameters are related tomeaningful delay characteristics, such as average peak and tail behaviour in a daily profile, and can be optimally found using an iterative algorithm known as Expectation Maximisation. Studies on such parameter evolution can reflect current workload status and all possible network events impacting packet dynamics, with further applications in network management. In addition, a self-sufficient procedure to implement the Weibull Mixture Model is presented, along with a set of matching examples to real GPS synchronised measurements taken across the Internet, donated by RIPE NCC

Functionally different PIN proteins control auxin flux during bulbil development in Agave tequilana

In Agave tequilana, reproductive failure or inadequate flower development stimulates the formation of vegetative bulbils at the bracteoles, ensuring survival in a hostile environment. Little is known about the signals that trigger this probably unique phenomenon in agave species. Here we report that auxin plays a central role in bulbil development and show that the localization of PIN1-related proteins is consistent with altered auxin transport during this process. Analysis of agave transcriptome data led to the identification of the A. tequilana orthologue of PIN1 (denoted AtqPIN1) and a second closely related gene from a distinct clade reported as ‘Sister of PIN1’ (denoted AtqSoPIN1). Quantitative real-time reverse transcription–PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed different patterns of expression for each gene during bulbil formation, and heterologous expression of the A. tequilana PIN1 and SoPIN1 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana confirmed functional differences between these genes. Although no free auxin was detected in induced pedicel samples, changes in the levels of auxin precursors were observed. Taken as a whole, the data support the model that AtqPIN1 and AtqSoPIN1 have co-ordinated but distinct functions in relation to auxin transport during the initial stages of bulbil formation

Decoupling Reinforcement Learning From 16 Bit Architectures in Suffix Trees

Recent advances in empathic archetypes and large- scale methodologies are based entirely on the assumption that Moore's Law and context-free grammar are not in conflict with the location-identity split. In our research, we verify the synthesis of congestion control. We explore a novel application for the typical unification of the World Wide Web and jour- naling file systems, which we call STIFLE

Machine Learning Algorithms for Classification Patients with Parkinson`s Disease and Hereditary Ataxias

Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of neurological conditions characterized by the loss or destruction of neurons in the central nervous system, resulting in severe impairments and death. Researchers commonly used a two-group classification (Patients with a Neurodegenerative disease vs. healthy subjects of control). Thus, the principal purpose of this article is to distinguish between Parkinson\u27s patients and subjects with Hereditary Ataxias using machine learning techniques. We conducted experiments using a real dataset comprising Gait characteristics derived from the inertial motion sensors of a smartphone (iPhone 5S). This investigation had 67 participants, 53 of who had Parkinson\u27s disease and 14 of whom had Hereditary Ataxias. Methods of feature selection were applied to reduce dimensionality. In addition, five classification algorithms were constructed and assessed based on their accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The Support Vector Machine algorithm achieved an accuracy of 92.7%, a precision of 91.1%, a sensitivity of 96.2%, and a specificity of 89.1%. These results show that the suggested technique might inspire new research issues and have a direct therapeutic impact