Asukaslähtöinen puukerrostalokortteli tilaelementeistä: Esimerkkinä Kokkolan Nukkumatin tontin suunnitelma

Selvitys tarkastelee asukaslähtöistä puutilaelementtirakentamista asuinympäristön, asuinrakennuksen ja asunnon tasoilla. Asukas-lähtöisyys käsitteenä asuntorakentamisen yhteydessä tarkentaa käyttäjälähtöisyyden käsitettä.Puutilaelementtikerrostalorakentamisen tuotannosta johtuvat erityisominaisuudet vaikuttavat pääosin asuntojen ja asuinrakennuksien suunnitteluratkaisuihin. Kun asuntoon sisältyy mahdollisuus mukautua käyttäjien tarpeisiin, on rakennuksen todennäköinen käyttöikä pidempi ja käyttöaste parempi. Siksi selvityksessä tarkastellaan joustavan tilaelementtirakentamisen mahdollisuuksia joustavan vyöhykkeen periaatteen sekä kolmen tilaelementtien sijoituslogiikan avulla. Tarkastelua tukee kirjo tutkielmia, jotka käsittelevät puutilaelementti-kerrostaloasuntoja sekä niiden joustavuusvariaatioita.Selvityksessä tavoitellaan myös – tuotantotavasta riippumatta – asuinympäristön arvostuksien parempaa ymmärrystä sekä tulkintaa siitä, miten rakennettua ympäristöä voidaan kehittää asumispreferenssien pohjalta. Lisäksi tarkastellaan, mitä potentiaalista etua puutilaelementtirakentamisessa voisi olla asuinympäristöpreferenssien toteuttajana.Selvitystyössä yhdistyy käytännön suunnittelutyö ja teoreettisempi tarkastelu. Selvitystyöhön liittyy kaksi tapaussuunnitelmaa, joista esitellään Kokkolan keskustaan sijoittuva puukerrostalokortteli.Selvityksen tavoitteena on sekä kartoittaa tilaelementeistä koostuvan puukerrostalorakentamisen tarpeellisia kehitysosa-alueita arkkitehtuurisuunnittelun näkökulmasta että toimia idea- ja tietopankkina tilaelementeistä koostuvan puukerrostalokorttelin suunnittelussa.This study examines resident-oriented modular timber framed construction in relation to the residential environment, multi-storey apartment buildings and apartments. Resident-orientation is a concept that in housing construction terminology, specifies the concept of user-orientation.Special features of the production of modular timber framed construction affect design mainly in the scales of apartments and apartment buildings. When an apartment can be modified to suit the user's needs, a building's service life and the degree of utilisation increase. This study examines the possibilities of adaptable modular timber framed housing construction using the principle of adaptable zones and examples of three placement methods of modules as a tool. The analysis is supported by a large variety of modular timber framed apartment studies and their adaptable variations.The study also attempts to better understand – regardless of the production method – the appreciation of residential environments and seeks to find an interpretation of how the built environment can be developed on the basis of residential preference studies. In addition, the study analyses the potential benefits of modular timber framed construction for realising residential environment preferences.The study combines practical design and theoretical analysis. The study has incorporated two case designs, of which one modular timber framed housing block in central Kokkola is introduced. The aim of the study is to both determine necessary areas of development regarding modular timber framed building construction from the viewpoint of architectural and housing design; and to function as a resource for ideas and knowledge regarding the design of modular timber framed housing blocks

Asukaslähtöinen puukerrostalokortteli tilaelementeistä: Esimerkkinä Kokkolan Nukkumatin tontin suunnitelma

Selvitys tarkastelee asukaslähtöistä puutilaelementtirakentamista asuinympäristön, asuinrakennuksen ja asunnon tasoilla. Asukas-lähtöisyys käsitteenä asuntorakentamisen yhteydessä tarkentaa käyttäjälähtöisyyden käsitettä.Puutilaelementtikerrostalorakentamisen tuotannosta johtuvat erityisominaisuudet vaikuttavat pääosin asuntojen ja asuinrakennuksien suunnitteluratkaisuihin. Kun asuntoon sisältyy mahdollisuus mukautua käyttäjien tarpeisiin, on rakennuksen todennäköinen käyttöikä pidempi ja käyttöaste parempi. Siksi selvityksessä tarkastellaan joustavan tilaelementtirakentamisen mahdollisuuksia joustavan vyöhykkeen periaatteen sekä kolmen tilaelementtien sijoituslogiikan avulla. Tarkastelua tukee kirjo tutkielmia, jotka käsittelevät puutilaelementti-kerrostaloasuntoja sekä niiden joustavuusvariaatioita.Selvityksessä tavoitellaan myös – tuotantotavasta riippumatta – asuinympäristön arvostuksien parempaa ymmärrystä sekä tulkintaa siitä, miten rakennettua ympäristöä voidaan kehittää asumispreferenssien pohjalta. Lisäksi tarkastellaan, mitä potentiaalista etua puutilaelementtirakentamisessa voisi olla asuinympäristöpreferenssien toteuttajana.Selvitystyössä yhdistyy käytännön suunnittelutyö ja teoreettisempi tarkastelu. Selvitystyöhön liittyy kaksi tapaussuunnitelmaa, joista esitellään Kokkolan keskustaan sijoittuva puukerrostalokortteli.Selvityksen tavoitteena on sekä kartoittaa tilaelementeistä koostuvan puukerrostalorakentamisen tarpeellisia kehitysosa-alueita arkkitehtuurisuunnittelun näkökulmasta että toimia idea- ja tietopankkina tilaelementeistä koostuvan puukerrostalokorttelin suunnittelussa.This study examines resident-oriented modular timber framed construction in relation to the residential environment, multi-storey apartment buildings and apartments. Resident-orientation is a concept that in housing construction terminology, specifies the concept of user-orientation.Special features of the production of modular timber framed construction affect design mainly in the scales of apartments and apartment buildings. When an apartment can be modified to suit the user's needs, a building's service life and the degree of utilisation increase. This study examines the possibilities of adaptable modular timber framed housing construction using the principle of adaptable zones and examples of three placement methods of modules as a tool. The analysis is supported by a large variety of modular timber framed apartment studies and their adaptable variations.The study also attempts to better understand – regardless of the production method – the appreciation of residential environments and seeks to find an interpretation of how the built environment can be developed on the basis of residential preference studies. In addition, the study analyses the potential benefits of modular timber framed construction for realising residential environment preferences.The study combines practical design and theoretical analysis. The study has incorporated two case designs, of which one modular timber framed housing block in central Kokkola is introduced. The aim of the study is to both determine necessary areas of development regarding modular timber framed building construction from the viewpoint of architectural and housing design; and to function as a resource for ideas and knowledge regarding the design of modular timber framed housing blocks

Joustavat asuinympäristöt: 10 visiota aikaa kestävään kaupunkiasumiseen

Housing production is usually based on the belief of predictability, but this approach is inconsistent with the fact that the future cannot be predicted. Residential design and construction must therefore adopt more flexible and adaptable principles, where the impossibility of making predictions is taken into account. Adaptable housing can help to meet the forthcoming and increasingly diverse housing needs, providing housing alternatives in a sustainable way. Ten visions presented in this publication introduce a wide range of means, methods and scales to achieve adaptability and flexibility in housing construction. The publication consists of ten design assignments created during an advanced housing design course at Tampere University of Technology in spring 2013. The publication presents not only a wide range of means to achieve flexibility in housing construction, but also their direct connection with the practice. The publication is part of a study concerning user-centric spaces in the Indoor Environment Program of RYM Oy

LFRET, a novel rapid assay for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody detection

The diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) is currently based on serology and intestinal biopsy, with detection of anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies recommended as the first-line test. Emphasizing the increasing importance of serological testing, new guidelines and evidence suggest basing the diagnosis solely on serology without confirmatory biopsy. Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are the established approach for anti-tTG antibody detection, with the existing point-of-care (POC) tests lacking sensitivity and/or specificity. Improved POC methods could help reduce the underdiagnosis and diagnostic delay of CD. We have previously developed rapid homogenous immunoassays based on time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET), and demonstrated their suitability in serodiagnostics with hanta- and Zika virus infections as models. In this study, we set out to establish a protein L -based TR-FRET assay (LFRET) for the detection of anti-tTG antibodies. We studied 74 patients with biopsy-confirmed CD and 70 healthy controls, with 1) the new tTG-LFRET assay, and for reference 2) a well-established EIA and 3) an existing commercial POC test. IgG depletion was employed to differentiate between anti-tTG IgA and IgG positivity. The sensitivity and specificity of the first-generation tTG-LFRET POC assay in detection of CD were 87.8% and 94.3%, respectively, in line with those of the reference POC test. The sensitivity and specificity of EIA were 95.9% and 91.9%, respectively. This study demonstrates the applicability of LFRET to serological diagnosis of autoimmune diseases in general and of CD in particular.Peer reviewe

Left ventricular dysfunction with reduced functional cardiac reserve in diabetic and non-diabetic LDL-receptor deficient apolipoprotein B100-only mice

BACKGROUND: Lack of suitable mouse models has hindered the studying of diabetic macrovascular complications. We examined the effects of type 2 diabetes on coronary artery disease and cardiac function in hypercholesterolemic low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient apolipoprotein B100-only mice (LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100)). METHODS AND RESULTS: 18-month-old LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100 )(n = 12), diabetic LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100 )mice overexpressing insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) in pancreatic beta cells (IGF-II/LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100), n = 14) and age-matched C57Bl/6 mice (n = 15) were studied after three months of high-fat Western diet. Compared to LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100 )mice, diabetic IGF-II/LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100 )mice demonstrated more calcified atherosclerotic lesions in aorta. However, compensatory vascular enlargement was similar in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice with equal atherosclerosis (cross-sectional lesion area ~60%) and consequently the lumen area was preserved. In coronary arteries, both hypercholesterolemic models showed significant stenosis (~80%) despite positive remodeling. Echocardiography revealed severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction and anteroapical akinesia in both LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100 )and IGF-II/LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100 )mice. Myocardial scarring was not detected, cardiac reserve after dobutamine challenge was preserved and ultrasructural changes revealed ischemic yet viable myocardium, which together with coronary artery stenosis and slightly impaired myocardial perfusion suggest myocardial hibernation resulting from chronic hypoperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100 )mice develop significant coronary atherosclerosis, severe left ventricular dysfunction with preserved but diminished cardiac reserve and signs of chronic myocardial hibernation. However, the cardiac outcome is not worsened by type 2 diabetes, despite more advanced aortic atherosclerosis in diabetic animals

LFRET, a novel rapid assay for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody detection

The diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) is currently based on serology and intestinal biopsy, with detection of anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies recommended as the first-line test. Emphasizing the increasing importance of serological testing, new guidelines and evidence suggest basing the diagnosis solely on serology without confirmatory biopsy. Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are the established approach for anti-tTG antibody detection, with the existing point-of-care (POC) tests lacking sensitivity and/or specificity. Improved POC methods could help reduce the underdiagnosis and diagnostic delay of CD. We have previously developed rapid homogenous immunoassays based on time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET), and demonstrated their suitability in serodiagnostics with hanta- and Zika virus infections as models. In this study, we set out to establish a protein L -based TR-FRET assay (LFRET) for the detection of anti-tTG antibodies. We studied 74 patients with biopsy-confirmed CD and 70 healthy controls, with 1) the new tTG-LFRET assay, and for reference 2) a well-established EIA and 3) an existing commercial POC test. IgG depletion was employed to differentiate between anti-tTG IgA and IgG positivity. The sensitivity and specificity of the first-generation tTG-LFRET POC assay in detection of CD were 87.8% and 94.3%, respectively, in line with those of the reference POC test. The sensitivity and specificity of EIA were 95.9% and 91.9%, respectively. This study demonstrates the applicability of LFRET to serological diagnosis of autoimmune diseases in general and of CD in particular

Cardiomyopathy associated with the Ala143Thr variant of the α-galactosidase A gene

Objective To investigate whether the Ala143Thr variant of the α-galactosidase A gene (A143T/GLA), with conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity, is associated with Fabry cardiomyopathy.Methods The index patient, a woman in her 60s with cardiomyopathy, was screened for variants in 59 cardiomyopathy-related genes. A143T/GLA, the only rare variant found, was screened in 10 relatives. GLA activity and lyso-Gb3 levels were measured and echocardiography was performed in 8 of 9 subjects carrying A143T/GLA. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) were performed in four adult A143T/GLA carriers. Endomyocardial biopsy was obtained from two adult A143T/GLA carrying sons of the index patient.Results The index patient and her elder son had a pacemaker implantation because of sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block. GLA activities were decreased to 25%–40% of normal in both sons and one granddaughter. Lyso-Gb3 levels were elevated in both sons. In CMR, the index patient and her two sons had left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and/or dilatation. The elder son had late gadolinium enhancement, high CMR-derived T1 time and positive FDG signal in PET/CT in the basal inferolateral LV wall. The younger son had low T1 time and the mother had positive FDG signal in PET/CT in the basal inferolateral LV wall. Endomyocardial biopsy of both sons showed myocardial accumulation compatible with glycolipids in light and electron microscopy, staining with anti-Gb3 antibody available for the younger son. Five female relatives with A143T/GLA had no cardiomyopathy in cardiac imaging.Conclusions A143T/GLA is likely a late-onset Fabry cardiomyopathy causing variant with incomplete penetrance.</p