Valor pronóstico de la función renal a corto plazo en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio

Introducción: El infarto agudo de miocardio es una de las primeras causas de muerte en Cuba y el mundo. En la actualidad cerca de un 20 a 30% de los pacientes con enfermedad coronaria, tienen insuficiencia renal. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre insuficiencia renal en el momento del ingreso y la mortalidad a corto plazo en los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio. Método: Se analizaron 284 pacientes consecutivos con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) del Hospital Universitario “Dr. Miguel Enríquez”, entre el 1°. de enero 2015 y el 1°. de diciembre de 2016. Se determinó la creatinina, la tasa de filtrado glomerular estimado y las escalas de pronóstico cardiovascular en el momento del ingreso. Mediante regresión logística se evaluó la capacidad predictiva de muerte a corto plazo de la función renal. Resultados: 26 pacientes fallecieron en la UCI (9,2%). El valor de la creatinina sérica fue superior, en tanto que las tasas de filtrado glomerular fueron inferiores (p < 0,0001) en el grupo de pacientes que falleció respecto a los supervivientes. Todas las variables de función renal y las de pronóstico cardiovascular se asociaron con la mortalidad; al comparar ambas, se obtuvo una mejor discriminación con las primeras en relación a las segundas. Conclusiones: La valoración de la función renal mediante la determinación de la creatinina y la estimación del filtrado glomerular, proporciona información útil y muy valiosa para la evaluación inicial de los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio

Prognostic Value of Serum Lactate Levels in Critically Ill Patients in an Intensive Care Unit

The patient in critical condition, regardless of the cause of admission, continues to be a challenge for health systems due to the high mortality that it reports. There is a need to identify some marker of early obtaining, easy to interpret and with high relevance in the prognosis of these patients

Treatments for intracranial hypertension in acute brain-injured patients: grading, timing, and association with outcome. Data from the SYNAPSE-ICU study

Purpose: Uncertainties remain about the safety and efficacy of therapies for managing intracranial hypertension in acute brain injured (ABI) patients. This study aims to describe the therapeutical approaches used in ABI, with/without intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, among different pathologies and across different countries, and their association with six&nbsp;months mortality and neurological outcome. Methods: A preplanned subanalysis of the SYNAPSE-ICU study, a multicentre, prospective, international, observational cohort study, describing the ICP treatment, graded according to Therapy Intensity Level (TIL) scale, in patients with ABI during the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Results: 2320 patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 55 (I-III quartiles = 39-69) years, and 800 (34.5%) were female. During the first week from ICU admission, no-basic TIL was used in 382 (16.5%) patients, mild-moderate in 1643 (70.8%), and extreme in 295 cases (eTIL, 12.7%). Patients who received eTIL were younger (median age 49 (I-III quartiles = 35-62) vs 56 (40-69) years, p &lt; 0.001), with less cardiovascular pre-injury comorbidities (859 (44%) vs 90 (31.4%), p &lt; 0.001), with more episodes of neuroworsening (160 (56.1%) vs 653 (33.3%), p &lt; 0.001), and were more frequently monitored with an ICP device (221 (74.9%) vs 1037 (51.2%), p &lt; 0.001). Considerable variability in the frequency of use and type of eTIL adopted was observed between centres and countries. At six&nbsp;months, patients who received no-basic TIL had an increased risk of mortality (Hazard ratio, HR = 1.612, 95% Confidence Interval, CI = 1.243-2.091, p &lt; 0.001) compared to patients who received eTIL. No difference was observed when comparing mild-moderate TIL with eTIL (HR = 1.017, 95% CI = 0.823-1.257, p = 0.873). No significant association between the use of TIL and neurological outcome was observed. Conclusions: During the first week of ICU admission, therapies to control high ICP are frequently used, especially mild-moderate TIL. In selected patients, the use of aggressive strategies can have a beneficial effect on six&nbsp;months mortality but not on neurological outcome