13,323 research outputs found
Mutual Information-Maximizing Quantized Belief Propagation Decoding of Regular LDPC Codes
In mutual information-maximizing lookup table (MIM-LUT) decoding of
low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, table lookup operations are used to
replace arithmetic operations. In practice, large tables need to be decomposed
into small tables to save the memory consumption, at the cost of degraded error
performance. In this paper, we propose a method, called mutual
information-maximizing quantized belief propagation (MIM-QBP) decoding, to
remove the lookup tables used for MIM-LUT decoding. Our method leads to a very
efficient decoder, namely the MIM-QBP decoder, which can be implemented based
only on simple mappings and fixed-point additions. Simulation results show that
the MIM-QBP decoder can always considerably outperform the state-of-the-art
MIM-LUT decoder, mainly because it can avoid the performance loss due to table
decomposition. Furthermore, the MIM-QBP decoder with only 3 bits per message
can outperform the floating-point belief propagation (BP) decoder at high
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions when testing on high-rate codes with a
maximum of 10-30 iterations
Critical exponents of finite temperature chiral phase transition in soft-wall AdS/QCD models
Criticality of chiral phase transition at finite temperature is investigated
in a soft-wall AdS/QCD model with symmetry,
especially for and . It is shown that in quark mass
plane() chiral phase transition is second order at a certain
critical line, by which the whole plane is divided into first order and
crossover regions. The critical exponents and , describing
critical behavior of chiral condensate along temperature axis and light quark
mass axis, are extracted both numerically and analytically. The model gives the
critical exponents of the values and
for and respectively. For
, in small strange quark mass() region, the phase transitions for
strange quark and quarks are strongly coupled, and the critical exponents
are ; when is larger than
, the dynamics of light flavors() and strange
quarks decoupled and the critical exponents for and
becomes , exactly the same as result and
the mean field result of 3D Ising model; between the two segments, there is a
tri-critical point at , at which
. In some sense, the current results is still at mean
field level, and we also showed the possibility to go beyond mean field
approximation by including the higher power of scalar potential and the
temperature dependence of dilaton field, which might be reasonable in a full
back-reaction model. The current study might also provide reasonable
constraints on constructing a realistic holographic QCD model, which could
describe both chiral dynamics and glue-dynamics correctly.Comment: 32 pages, 11 figures, regular articl
A Spatial Investigation of ƒÐ-Convergence in China
Using techniques of spatial econometrics, this paper investigates ƒÐ-convergence of provincial real per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in China. The empirical evidence concludes that spatial dependence across regions is strong enough to distort the traditional measure of ƒÐ-convergence. This study focuses on the variation of per capita GDP that is dependent on the development processes of neighboring provinces and cities. This refinement of the conditional ƒÐ-convergence model specification allows for analysis of spatial dependence in the mean and variance. The corrected measure of ƒÐ-convergence in China indicates a lower level of dispersion in the economic development process. This implies a smaller divergence in real per capita GDP, although convergence across regions is still a challenging goal to achieve in the 2000s.ƒÐ-Convergence, Moran's index, spatial dependence, spatial lag
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