United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries. Annual Report, October 1, 1993--September 30, 1994

This report summarizes the salient activities and progress of the United States Transuranium. and Uranium Registries for the period October 1, 1993 through September 30, 1994, along with details of specific programs areas including the National Human Radiobiology Tissue Repository (NHRTR) and tissue radiochemistry analysis project. Responsibility for tissue radioanalysis was transferred from Los Alamos National Laboratory to Washington State University in February 1994. The University of Washington was selected as the Quality Assurance/Quality Control laboratory and a three way intercomparison with them and LANL has been initiated. The results of the initial alpha spectrometry intercomparison showed excellent agreement among the laboratories and are documented in full in the Appendices to the report. The NHRTR serves as the initial point of receipt for samples received from participants in the USTUR program. Samples are weighed, divided, and reweighed, and a portion retained by the NHRTR as backup or for use in other studies. Tissue specimens retained in the NHRTR are maintained frozen at -70 C and include not only those from USTUR registrants but also those from the radium dial painter and thorium worker studies formerly conducted by Argonne National Laboratory. In addition, there are fixed tissues and a large collection of histopathology slides from all the studies, plus about 20,000 individual solutions derived from donated tissues. These tissues and tissue related materials are made available to other investigators for legitimate research purposes. Ratios of the concentration of actinides in various tissues have been used to evaluate the biokinetics, and retention half times of plutonium and americium. Retention half times for plutonium in various soft tissues range from 10-20 y except for the testes for which a retention half time of 58 y was observed. For americium, the retention half time in various soft tissues studied was 2.2-3.5 y

The Effects of Friction Management Materials on Rail with Pre-Existing RCF Surface Damage

Management of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) risk is a critical maintenance activity in railway operations. Practical means of RCF mitigation involve: 1) preventative and corrective grinding to remove RCF cracks; 2) management of wheel and rail profiles to minimize peak contact pressures; and 3) selection of appropriate rail metallurgy. In addition, reduction of traction forces by application of dry film Top of Rail friction modifiers (FM) has recently been shown to reduce crack growth and extend grinding intervals. Hydro-pressurisation and crack face lubrication are processes by which liquid materials (e.g., water), enter pre-existing RCF cracks and under wheel/rail contact pressure and cause accelerated crack growth, leading to spalling and shelling on rail and wheels. Thus, any liquid material added deliberately to the wheel/rail interface should be considered carefully in terms of the potential for aggravating RCF damage. This study compares the impact on hydro-pressurization and crack face lubrication of different types of materials designed for application to the top of rail using twin disc testing. One type of FM material is water-based, drying providing solid particles to the rail-wheel contact. Two other types are oil or oil-plus-water-based (hybrid material) that do not naturally dry and have been introduced more recently to the market. In addition, a commonly used gauge face lubricant (grease) was evaluated

Movement 1

https://digscholarship.unco.edu/mirror/1014/thumbnail.jp

Biblical Stewardship

Harwick Lecture by Ray and Patricia Harwick, April 15, 1993. Digital audio recording (mp3). Duration: 1 hour, 8 minutes

Relationships among preventive behavioral model concepts in individuals at risk for coronary artery disease

The Purpose of this research was to describe relationships between Murdaugh and Verran's (1987) Preventive Behavior Model Concepts in military-affiliated individuals at risk for coronary artery disease. One hundred forty-three subjects were recruited by their primary care physician and were requested to voluntarily complete questionnaires measuring health beliefs, health locus of control, value orientations, and health care activities. Laboratory values and blood pressure were also evaluated. There were significant positive correlations between health beliefs, health locus of control, and value orientations. However, these PBM concepts explained only 13% of the variance in dietary habits, 9% of smoking behaviors, 16% of habitual physical activity, 4% of cholesterol levels, 2% of diastolic blood pressure, 7% of body mass index, and 21 percent of glucose levels. PBM concepts explained a relatively small amount of the variance in the dependent variables within this sample and the results were not clinically significant

Inside and Outside Perspectives on Institutions: An Economic Theory of the Noble Lie

If there exist no incentive or selective mechanisms that make cooperation in large groups incentive-compatible under realistic circumstances, functional social institutions will require subjective preferences to diverge from objective payoffs – a "noble lie." This implies the existence of irreducible and irreconcilable "inside" and "outside" perspectives on social institutions; that is, between foundationalist and functionalist approaches, both of which have a long pedigree in political economy. The conflict between the two, and the inability in practice to dispense with either, has a number of surprising implications for human organizations, including the impossibility of algorithmic governance, the necessity of discretionary rule enforcement in the breach, and the difficulty of an ethical economics of institutions. Leeson and Suarez argue that "some superstitions, and perhaps many, support self-governing arrangements. The relationship between such scientifically false beliefs and private institutions is symbiotic and socially productive" (2015, 48). This paper stakes out a stronger claim: that something like superstition is essential for any governance arrangement, self- or otherwise. Specifically, we argue that human social structure both requires and maintains a systematic divergence between subjective preferences and objective payoffs, in a way that usually (though in principle does not necessarily) entails "scientifically false beliefs" for at least a subset of agents. We will refer to the basis of such preferences from the perspective of those holding them as an "inside perspective," as opposed to a functionalist-evolutionary explanation of their existence, which we will call an "outside perspective." Drawing on the theory of cooperation, we then show that the two perspectives are in principle irreconcilable, discussing some implications of that fact for political economy and the prospects of social organization