Magneto-Hydrodynamic Natural Convection Flow in a Concentric Annulus with Ramped Temperature and Ramped Motion of the Boundaries

An unsteady MHD flow of a temperature dependent heat source/sink in an annulus due to ramped motion and ramped temperature of the boundaries has been analyzed. The partial differential equations of the fluid flow are formulated taking into account the ramped temperature and ramped velocity of the inner cylinder. The closed form solution are obtained for three cases of the magnetic field being fixed relative the fluid, cylinder and when the velocity of the magnetic field is less than the velocity of the moving cylinder. The problem is solved using Laplace transform technique to obtain the Laplace domain solution and Riemann sum approximation to obtain the time domain solution. The effect of the governing parameters on the fluid flow are illustrated graphically. It is found that, Hartmann number has a retarding effect on the skin friction at the outer surface of the inner cylinder and mass flow rate. It also decreases fluid velocity for cases K=0.0andK=0.5 the reverse effect is noticed for case K=1.0. Increase in Hartmann number lead to an increase in skin friction at the inner surface of the outer cylinder for case K=0.0 but decreases it for cases K=0.0andK=0.5

Influence of Guidance and Counseling on Choice of Business Subjects Among Secondary School Students in Gombe State

This study investigated the influence of guidance and counseling  on choice of business subjects among secondary school students in Gombe state. Two specific objectives, two research questions and two null hypotheses were raised. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was 21,465 secondary school students and 377 of them were randomly used for the study. Four rating scale structured questionnaire titled Choice of Business Subjects among Students (CVSS) constructed by the researcher were used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using benchmark score of 2.5 and above for agree while simple logistic regression was employed in the test of the two null hypotheses at  0.05 alpha level of significance. The study revealed among others that guidance and counseling  has influence on choice of business subjects among secondary school students in Gombe state. In addition in contributed on gender disparity of students choice in business subjects. The resultant effect is that most secondary school students perceived that business subjects are either meant for academic misfits or female students. Based on the outcome of the study, the researcher recommended among others that teachers, especially those counseling  students should help to instill in students the positive attitude towards business subjects, this will develop in them interest and choice of business subjects at secondary school level. Keywords: - Guidance, Counseling , Choice, Business, Subjects, Students. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/9-12-20 Publication date:June 30th 201

Effects of flipped and conventional teaching approaches on performance and retention ability of students in advance financial accounting in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Uuniversity Bauchi, Nigeria

The study investigated the effects of flipped and conventional classroom teaching approach on performance and retention ability of advance financial accounting students in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria. The study had three specific objectives and three null hypotheses. Quasi experimental design of pre-test, post-test I and post-test II was used for the study. The study used an intact class of 76 students that offered advance financial accounting in 2015/2016 academic session in the institution. Three instruments were used for data collection. The instruments were Advance financial accounting Achievement Test (AFAAT), Advance financial accounting Diagnostic Achievement Test I (AFADAT I) and Advance financial accounting Diagnostic Achievement Test II (AFADAT II). The validations of instruments were determined by board of examiners in department of vocation al and technology education in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi. The reliability of the instruments was established using pilot study. The result of the pilot study gave reliability coefficient of 0.79. Data collected from the study were coded into Statistical Package of Social Sciences. The package was used to run t-test statistics for the test of the three null hypotheses at significance level of 0.05. The results shows improvement in the performance and retention ability of students when flipped teaching technique was adopted. It was recommended among others that financial accounting lecturers in Nigerian universities should adopt the use of flipped classroom approach in teaching students by providing students with pre-class materials and assignments prior their classroom activities

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Workers Towards the Care of the Elderly in PHCC Mubi South Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria

Aging is a universal phenomenon that is obvious as well as inevitable. Old age is a significant stage in life and normally related to life expectancy of given area, hence the conditions and the needs of the aged becomes imperative. Care of the elderly is the fulfillment of the special needs and requirements that are unique to senior citizens. It covers such services as assisted living, adult day care, long term care, nursing homes, hospice care and home care. This study was aimed to assessed knowledge, attitude and practice of health care workers towards the care of the elderly in PHCC Mubi South Local Government Area of Adamawa State. A cross-sectional research design was employed with 108 sampled calculated using Yamane’s formula. Proportionate allocation and simple random sampling technique was adopted to select the HCW from each PHCC. The structured interviewer questionnaire was used to collect data. An ethical approval was obtained and permission granted for the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 where the results has been and presented in tables and diagrams. The study revealed that there is good knowledge (82%), attitude (65%) and practice (64%) of the care of the elderly. Healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitude and practice play a major role in the care of the elderly at PHCC and concerns authorities should continue to support the care of the elderly.&nbsp

Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis and Risk of Severe Anemia or Severe Neutropenia in HAART-Exposed, HIV-Uninfected Infants

Background: Prophylactic cotrimoxazole is recommended for infants born to HIV-infected mothers. However, cotrimoxazole may increase the risk of severe anemia or neutropenia. Methods: We compared the proportion of HIV-exposed uninfected (HIV-EU) infants experiencing incident severe anemia (and separately, severe neutropenia) between a prospective cohort receiving prophylactic cotrimoxazole from 1 to 6 months vs. infants from two prior trials who did not receive cotrimoxazole. Infants were from rural and urban communities in southern Botswana. Results: A total of 1705 HIV-EU infants were included. Among these 645 (37.8%) were fed with iron-supplemented formula from birth. Severe anemia developed in 87 (5.1%) infants, and severe neutropenia in 164 (9.6%) infants. In an analysis stratified by infant feeding method, there were no significant differences in the risk of severe anemia by prophylactic cotrimoxazole exposure–risk difference, −0.69% (95% confidence interval [CI] −2.1 to 0.76%). Findings were similar in multivariable analysis, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.35 (95% CI 0.07 to 1.65). There were also no significant differences observed for severe neutropenia by cotrimoxazole exposure, risk difference 2.0% (95% CI −1.3 to 5.2%) and aOR 0.80 (95% CI 0.33 to 1.93). Conclusions: Severe anemia and severe neutropenia were infrequent among HIV-exposed uninfected infants receiving cotrimoxazole from 1–6 months of age. Concerns regarding hematologic toxicity should not limit the use of prophylactic cotrimoxazole in HIV-exposed uninfected infants. ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Numbers NCT01086878 (http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01086878), NCT00197587 (http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00197587), and NCT00270296 (http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00270296)

Suction/Injection Effects on Pulsating Poiseuille Basic Gaseous Fluctuating-Micro-Flows

The pulsating Poiseuille fluctuating-micro-flow where the fluid flow is initiated by sinusoidal pressure gradient is investigated in this study. The flow problem is modelled and the analytical solution is obtained. The effect of suction/injection and that of other leading flow parameters such as the frequency of the fluctuating driving force, the Knudsen number and the unsteadiness are analyzed. It is found from the study that the effect of suction and that of injection are observed to be opposite; suction leads to increase while injection leads to decrease in velocity of the moving fluid

Analysis of Academic Achievement of Business Studies Students Taught by Subject Specialist and Those Taught By Non-Specialist in Secondary Schools in Gadabuke Metropolis

This study examined the academic achievement of business studies students taught by subject specialist and those taught by non-specialist in selected Junior Secondary Schools Examination in Gadabuke metropolis in Toto Local Government of Nasarawa state.  The study had three objectives, three research questions and three null hypotheses.  Developmental research design was adopted in the study. JSCE business studies results for the year 2012/2013 for 257 students was the raw data for the study.  Descriptive statistics of means was used to answer the research questions while t-test statistical tool was used in analyzing the data in the test of null hypotheses. The analysis of data was presented according to the specific research questions and hypothesis.  All the null hypotheses were tested at significant level of 0.05. The results of the study indicated among others that students taught by specialist in business studies appeared to be more skillful in problem such as shorthand and book keeping.  One of the recommendations made was that principals and heads of departments in secondary schools should imbibe the culture of making subject allocation based on teacher’s area of specialization.  This seeks to improve teachers’ methodology, skills, efficiency and attitude in the classroom

Unsteady MHD natural convection flow of heat generating/absorbing fluid near a vertical plate with ramped temperature and motion

This work investigates the unsteady natural convection flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid near an infinite vertical plate with ramped temperature and ramped motion. A unified closed form solution is obtained for the velocity field and skin friction coefficient corresponding to the case when the magnetic field fixed relative to the fluid or the moving boundary. It is assumed that the boundary plate has a ramped temperature profile and ramped motion subject to a uniform transverse magnetic field under the supposition of negligible induced magnetic field. Exact solutions of energy and momentum equations are obtained using the Laplace transform techniques. Graphical representations are attained for different values of the Prandtl number, magnetic field and heat sink parameter. Results show that wall ramped temperature and ramped motion tend to decrease fluid temperature, velocity, Nusselt number and skin friction

Local sensitivity analysis of the AquaCrop model outputs for wheat under Semi-Arid water stress condition

The FAO AquaCrop model has been extensively reported to simulate wheat growth and productivity in response to environmental conditions in many parts of the world. However, the calibration of the model could be tedious due to its large number of input parameters. The complexity in the model evaluation could be simplified by conducting a prior sensitivity analysis (SA), which information on it is hard to come-by in the North-eastern Nigeria. The SA of the model’s output variables to its input parameters was conducted using the local sensitivity analysis (LSA) technique. An early maturing REYNA-28 wheat variety was used under water deficit conditions in the semi-arid North-eastern Nigeria. The analysis revealed that the simulation of grain yield was highly influenced by days-to-flowering (DtF), normalized water productivity (WP*), reference harvest index (HIo), crop coefficient when the canopy is complete but prior to senescence (KcTrx) and maximum effective rooting depth (Zx) with sensitivity coefficients (SCs) of  1.23, 1.05, 0.83, 0.75 and 0.61, respectively. Biomass yield was highly sensitive to days-to-emergence (DtE), WP*, KcTrx, number of plants per hectare (den), soil surface covered by individual seedlings at 90 % emergence (ccs) and initial canopy cover (cco). The sensitivity of canopy cover was more to its related parameters such as DtE, maximum canopy cover (CCx), days-to-maximum canopy cover (DtCCx), canopy growth coefficient (CGC), ccs, cco, den and days-to-start of senescence (DtSS). Stress parameters were found to be either insensitive or with negligible sensitivity except lower soil water depletion threshold for canopy expansion (Pexlw). The analysis also revealed that the model outputs were insensitive to half of the model’s input parameters. These parameters could be fixed within their ranges in order to simplify the model and ease its calibration. The influential/sensitive parameters on the other hand require higher consideration during data collection, fine-tuning and calibration. This work can be validated using different SA techniques and wheat variety and under different environmental condition